Gitlab CI Symfony：SQLSTATE [HY000] [2002]连接被拒绝

Question

每次有人推送代码时，我都会使用 gitlab 运行单元测试。我在作曲家安装期间收到此错误。

> Incenteev\ParameterHandler\ScriptHandler::buildParameters
Creating the "app/config/parameters.yml" file
> Sensio\Bundle\DistributionBundle\Composer\ScriptHandler::buildBootstrap
> Sensio\Bundle\DistributionBundle\Composer\ScriptHandler::clearCache


  [Doctrine\DBAL\Exception\ConnectionException]                              
  An exception occured in driver: SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] Connection refused  



  [Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PDOException]        
  SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] Connection refused  



  [PDOException]                             
  SQLSTATE[HY000] [2002] Connection refused  


Script Sensio\Bundle\DistributionBundle\Composer\ScriptHandler::clearCache handling the post-install-cmd event terminated with an exception

这是我的配置：

.gitlab-ci.yml 文件

    # Select image from https://hub.docker.com/_/php/
    image: php:5.6

    # Select what we should cache
    cache:
      paths:
      - vendor/

    before_script:
    # Install ssh-agent if not already installed, it is required by Docker.
    # (change apt-get to yum if you use a CentOS-based image)
    - 'which ssh-agent || ( apt-get update -y && apt-get install openssh-client -y )'

    #

 Run ssh-agent (inside the build environment)
- eval $(ssh-agent -s)

# Add the SSH key stored in SSH_PRIVATE_KEY variable to the agent store
- ssh-add <(echo "$SSH_PRIVATE_KEY")

# For Docker builds disable host key checking. Be aware that by adding that
# you are suspectible to man-in-the-middle attacks.
# WARNING: Use this only with the Docker executor, if you use it with shell
# you will overwrite your user's SSH config.
- mkdir -p ~/.ssh
- '[[ -f /.dockerenv ]] && echo -e "Host *\n\tStrictHostKeyChecking no\n\n" > ~/.ssh/config'

- cp ci/custom.ini /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/custom.ini
- bash ci/docker_install.sh > /dev/null

# Install composer
- curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php

services:
- mysql:latest

variables:
  # Configure mysql service (https://hub.docker.com/_/mysql/)
  MYSQL_DATABASE: symfony
  MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root

# We test PHP5.6 (the default) with MySQL
test:mysql:
  script:
  # Install all project dependencies
  - php composer.phar install
  - phpunit --coverage-text --colors=never -c app/

parameters.yml.dist

parameters:
    database_host:     127.0.0.1
    database_port:     ~
    database_name:     symfony
    database_user:     root
    database_password: root

    mailer_transport:  smtp
    mailer_host:       127.0.0.1
    mailer_user:       ~
    mailer_password:   ~

    # A secret key that's used to generate certain security-related tokens
    secret:            ThisTokenIsNotSoSecretChangeIt

    database_slave1_host: 127.0.0.1
    database_slave1_port: ~
    database_slave1_name: symfony
    database_slave1_user: root
    database_slave1_password: root

我已阅读并遵循 gitlab 网站的说明。也许我的错误很明显，但我看不到。

Answer 1

当您使用在另一个容器中运行的 MySQL 时，您必须使用它的主机名，而不是 127.0.0.1。 正确的数据库主机应该是“mysql”。 GitLab 文档的one of the sections 对此进行了介绍：

可以在主机名 mysql 下访问 MySQL 的服务容器。因此，为了访问您的数据库服务，您必须连接到名为 mysql 的主机，而不是套接字或 localhost。

Answer 2

此错误的一个可能问题是您尝试在数据库仍在初始化时访问它。 Docker HUB 上 MySQL 的 Caveats 部分对此进行了介绍。

如果容器启动时没有初始化数据库，则会创建一个默认数据库。虽然这是预期的行为，但这意味着在初始化完成之前它不会接受传入的连接。这可能会在使用自动化工具时导致问题...

简单的解决方案是在启动任何访问数据库的进程之前使用sleep 命令。您可以将其添加到before_script 部分：

before_script:
  - sleep 60s

更好和更复杂的解决方案是反复探测 MySQL 服务器，检查它是否已经接受连接。