Owncloud 没有安装候选，我该如何解决？

Question

我正在尝试在全新安装的 Ubuntu 16.04 上安装 Owncloud 服务器，并且一直在关注 these instructions from Digital Ocean，它一直完美无缺地运行到命令

$ sudo apt-get install owncloud

所以我试着跑步

$ sudo apt-get install owncloud-files

安装了哪些东西，但没有按照 Digital Ocean 说明进行安装

明确地说，我已经完成了安装 owncloud 的所有步骤。

$ sudo curl https://download.owncloud.org/download/repositories/stable/Ubuntu_16.04/Release.key | sudo apt-key add -
[sudo] password for user: 
% Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                             Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  4502  100  4502    0     0   3847      0  0:00:01  0:00:01 --:--:--  3847
OK

$ echo 'deb https://download.owncloud.org/download/repositories/stable/Ubuntu_16.04/ /' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/owncloud.list
deb https://download.owncloud.org/download/repositories/stable/Ubuntu_16.04/ /

$ sudo apt-get update
Ign:1 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease
Get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease [102 kB]     
Hit:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease                     
Hit:4 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable Release                     
Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease [102 kB]    
Hit:6 http://ppa.launchpad.net/certbot/certbot/ubuntu xenial InRelease         
Ign:7 http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/isv:/ownCloud:/desktop/Ubuntu_16.04  InRelease
Get:9 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports InRelease [102 kB]  
Hit:10 http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/isv:/ownCloud:/desktop/Ubuntu_16.04  Release
Get:11 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [60.3 kB]
Get:12 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 Packages [644 kB]
Get:14 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main DEP-11 64x64 Icons [57.6 kB]
Get:15 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [49.6 kB]
Get:16 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe DEP-11 64x64 Icons [80.0 kB]
Get:17 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main i386 Packages [611 kB]
Get:18 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [305 kB]
Ign:19 https://download.owncloud.org/download/repositories/stable/Ubuntu_16.04  InRelease
Get:20 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main DEP-11 64x64 Icons [213 kB]
Get:21 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe amd64 Packages [540 kB]
Get:22 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe i386 Packages [516 kB]
Get:23 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [173 kB]
Get:24 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe DEP-11 64x64 Icons [240 kB]
Get:25 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/multiverse amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [5,888 B]
Get:26 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [3,328 B]
Get:27 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [4,584 B]
Hit:28 https://download.owncloud.org/download/repositories/stable/Ubuntu_16.04  Release
Fetched 3,809 kB in 1s (1,932 kB/s)                                           
Reading package lists... Done

$ sudo apt-get install owncloud
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Package owncloud is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source
However the following packages replace it:
  owncloud-files

E: Package 'owncloud' has no installation candidate

这就是我按照这些步骤发生的一切，它仍然说没有“owncloud”安装候选者。

Answer 1

这里的问题是 ownCloud 最近删除了 owncloud 元包（这在同时托管多个应用程序的环境中可能是有害的）。与owncloud-files 包的区别是described in the docs：

owncloud-files（推荐）：这个包只安装ownCloud。它不安装 Apache、数据库或任何 PHP 依赖项。

owncloud：这个包安装ownCloud，包含所有依赖项。

所以，基本上，您在系统上下载并安装了 ownCloud（您会看到它位于您的 /var/www/owncloud 目录下。） - 但现在它缺少它的依赖项。您需要手动安装它们；您可以在：https://doc.owncloud.org/server/10.0/admin_manual/installation/source_installation.html#install-the-required-packages:

中查看列表

sudo apt install -y apache2 mariadb-server libapache2-mod-php7.0 \
    php7.0-gd php7.0-json php7.0-mysql php7.0-curl \
    php7.0-intl php7.0-mcrypt php-imagick \
    php7.0-zip php7.0-xml php7.0-mbstring

安装后，系统会提示您使用 DigitalOcean 教程中缺少的 apache 向导。从那里您将能够自定义服务器安装。如果您需要有关如何完成该过程的更多信息，请参阅：configuring the apache server 和 completing the installation