arduino 可以发送重复的 http 请求并从响应中获取和解析数据吗

Question

我想在一个项目中使用 Arduino。我想要的是arduino应该向服务器发送带有一些数据（很可能是IP地址）的重复http请求（比如每分钟）。服务器将返回带有一些 JSON 格式数据的响应，arduino 应该解析数据并将其写入文本文件。数据是来自数据库的一些配置参数。我可以用 Arduino 做吗？看到有帖子说不能重复http请求？有什么帮助吗？示例代码将非常有帮助。我正在使用带有以太网屏蔽的 Arduino mega。

#include <SPI.h>
#include <Ethernet.h>
#include <HttpClient.h>

// Enter a MAC address for your controller below.
// Newer Ethernet shields have a MAC address printed on a sticker on the shield
byte mac[] = { 0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED };

// Set the static IP address to use if the DHCP fails to assign
IPAddress ip(192, 168, 0, 177);
IPAddress myDns(192, 168, 0, 1);

// Initialize the Ethernet client library
// with the IP address and port of the server
// that you want to connect to (port 80 is default for HTTP):
EthernetClient client;
void setup(){
// Open serial communications and wait for port to open:
  Serial.begin(9600);
  while (!Serial) {
    ; // wait for serial port to connect. Needed for native USB port only
  }
 // start the Ethernet connection:
  Serial.println("Initialize Ethernet with DHCP:");
  if (Ethernet.begin(mac) == 0) {
    Serial.println("Failed to configure Ethernet using DHCP");
  // Check for Ethernet hardware present
    if (Ethernet.hardwareStatus() == EthernetNoHardware) {
      Serial.println("Ethernet shield was not found.  Sorry, can't run without hardware. :(");
      while (true) {
        delay(1); // do nothing, no point running without Ethernet hardware
      }
    }
    if (Ethernet.linkStatus() == LinkOFF) {
      Serial.println("Ethernet cable is not connected.");
    }
// try to congifure using IP address instead of DHCP:
    Ethernet.begin(mac, ip, myDns);
  } else {
    Serial.print("  DHCP assigned IP ");
    Serial.println(Ethernet.localIP());
  }

// give the Ethernet shield a second to initialize:
  delay(1000);
  Serial.print("connecting... ");
}


void loop(){

  if (Ethernet.begin(mac) !=0){
    HttpClient http; 
    http.begin("http://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/comments?id=10"); //Specify the URL
    int httpCode = http.GET();                                        //Make the request
    if (httpCode > 0) { //Check for the returning code
        String payload = http.getString();
        Serial.println(httpCode);
        Serial.println(payload);
      } 
    else {
      Serial.println("Error on HTTP request");
    }
    http.end(); //Free the resources
  }
  delay(10000);  

    }

我尝试了上面的代码来发送一个 http 请求。但是出现错误 调用 'HttpClient::HttpClient()' 没有匹配的函数

任何建议都会很有帮助。

Answer 1

除了每个请求的时间之外，您对发送重复请求没有任何限制。您的代码很好，除了发出 HTTP 请求的部分。默认的 Arduino 库处理 HTTP 请求有点复杂（例如没有HttpClient.GET）。

有许多高级 API 可以为您处理请求，还可以设置各种标头类型。

例如ArduinoHTTPClient 是一个不错的选择。只需抓住图书馆并查看示例。我基于此重写您的代码，您将获得 JSON 响应正文。然后，您可以简单地使用其中一种 JSON 解析器，例如 ArduinoJSON 来解析结果。

#include <ArduinoHttpClient.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <Ethernet.h>

// Enter a MAC address for your controller below.
// Newer Ethernet shields have a MAC address printed on a sticker on the shield
byte mac[] = {0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED};

// Set the static IP address to use if the DHCP fails to assign
IPAddress ip(192, 168, 0, 177);
IPAddress myDns(192, 168, 0, 1);

char serverAddress[] = "http://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com"; // server address
int port = 80;

EthernetClient EthClient;
HttpClient client = HttpClient(EthClient, serverAddress, port);

void setup()
{
    Serial.begin(9600);

    // start the Ethernet connection:
    Serial.println("Initialize Ethernet with DHCP:");
    if (Ethernet.begin(mac) == 0)
    {
        Serial.println("Failed to configure Ethernet using DHCP");
        // Check for Ethernet hardware present
        if (Ethernet.hardwareStatus() == EthernetNoHardware)
        {
            Serial.println("Ethernet shield was not found.  Sorry, can't run without hardware. :(");
            while (true)
            {
                delay(1); // do nothing, no point running without Ethernet hardware
            }
        }
        if (Ethernet.linkStatus() == LinkOFF)
        {
            Serial.println("Ethernet cable is not connected.");
        }
        // try to congifure using IP address instead of DHCP:
        Ethernet.begin(mac, ip, myDns);
    }
    else
    {
        Serial.print("  DHCP assigned IP ");
        Serial.println(Ethernet.localIP());
    }
}
void loop()
{
    Serial.println("making GET request");
    client.get("/comments?id=10");

    // read the status code and body of the response
    int statusCode = client.responseStatusCode();
    String response = client.responseBody();

    Serial.print("Status code: ");
    Serial.println(statusCode);
    Serial.print("Response: ");
    Serial.println(response);
    Serial.println("Wait five seconds");
    delay(5000);
}