如何将构造函数的参数设置为可变大小的数组？

Question

家庭作业：我们正在制定一个刽子手计划。我有以下方法：

    public char[] selectWord()
    {
        String[] hangmanWords = new String[50] { "time", "person", "year", "way", "day", "thing", "man", "world", "life", "hand", "part", "child", "eye", "woman", "place", "work", "week", "case", "point", "government", "company", "number", "group", "problem", "fact", "good", "new", "first", "last", "long", "great", "little", "own", "other", "old", "right", "big", "high", "different", "small", "large", "next", "early", "young", "important", "few", "public", "bad", "same", "able" };
        Random wordIndex = new Random();
        int randomIndex = wordIndex.Next(0, 49); 
        wordToGuess = hangmanWords[randomIndex].ToUpper();
        char[] wordToGuessArray = wordToGuess.ToCharArray();                                         // convert word to array of letters
        return wordToGuessArray;  
    }

我想为wordToGuessArray 定义一个构造函数。理想情况下，我希望 selectWord() 方法设置 wordToGuessArray 参数。但是，在我运行此方法之前，我不会知道变量数组长度，并且如果不明确定义char[x]，我将无法创建构造函数。 This question 在 main 中设置了数组长度。由于任务中的要求限制，我的不能。那么这个selectWord() 方法需要在哪里才能正确set 我的变量？

我很难想象一个可行的程序流程。

Answer 1

我认为你有些困惑。 char[] wordToGuessArray = wordToGuess.ToCharArray(); 不仅为您分配正确大小的数组，还使用 ​​wordToGuess 的内容填充它。我有两个建议的更改以使您的代码更好。

public char[] selectWord()
{
    // get rid of size in this, when you do static init you don't need it
    String[] hangmanWords = new String[] { "time", "person", "year", "way", "day", "thing", "man", "world", "life", "hand", "part", "child", "eye", "woman", "place", "work", "week", "case", "point", "government", "company", "number", "group", "problem", "fact", "good", "new", "first", "last", "long", "great", "little", "own", "other", "old", "right", "big", "high", "different", "small", "large", "next", "early", "young", "important", "few", "public", "bad", "same", "able" };
    // combinme those bottom 5 or so lines into 1.
    return hangmanWords[new Random.Next(0, 49)].ToUpper().ToCharArray();
}

此方法将简单地返回一个字符数组，其中包含从hangmanWords 数组中随机选择的单词的字符。我相信这就是你想要的，对吧？

如果您希望字符数组 wordToGuessArray 成为您的类的属性，那么只需将其声明为 public char[] wordsToGuessArray { get; set; } 并将方法设为无效，将返回替换为 wordsToGuessArray 的赋值。

示例构造函数；

 // field declared in my class, call it game
 public char[] wordsToGuessArray { get; set; }

 public Game(char[] word)
 {
       wordToGuessArray = word;
 }
 // call it like this
 Game game = new Game(selectWord());

如果你想在构造函数中设置wordToGuessArray，你可以在同一个类中创建selectWord()一个public static方法，在这种情况下你可以像Game.selectWord()一样调用它

Answer 2

您可以寻找param 关键字。它允许您将不确定数量的参数传递给构造函数，如下例所示：

public static void UseParams2(params object[] list) 
{
   for ( int i = 0 ; i < list.Length ; i++ )
      Console.WriteLine(list[i]);
   Console.WriteLine();
}

归入您的帖子，您的代码可能如下所示：

public char[] selectWord(params string[] hangmanWords)
{
    Random wordIndex = new Random();
    int randomIndex = wordIndex.Next(0, hangmanWords.Count()); 
    wordToGuess = hangmanWords[randomIndex].ToUpper();
    char[] wordToGuessArray = wordToGuess.ToCharArray();                                         // convert word to array of letters
    return wordToGuessArray;  
}