哦,你有一些错误:
- 在
text_new 内部,当sizeGot = 24 是一个常量值时,您使用text *out = malloc(sizeGot); 为text *out 分配内存。您应该为它分配sizeof(*out) 或sizeof(text) 字节的内存。
- 我不知道
int sizeGot = 24; while (sizeNeeded > sizeGot) 内部的循环text_new 和append 是干什么用的。我猜其目的是按照 24 的幂进行分配。而且看起来两个函数中的代码大多相同,看起来确实像代码重复,这是一件坏事。
- 在
append 内部传递一个指向t1 的指针,而不是双指针,所以如果你修改t1 指针本身,修改将在函数范围之外不可见。 t1 = newText(stringy); 毫无意义并且会泄漏内存。你可以void append(text **t1, text *t2) 然后*t1 = newText(stringy)。但是您可以使用realloc 使用更好的方法 - 我希望追加“追加”字符串,而不是创建新对象。因此,首先使用realloc 调整缓冲区大小,然后使用strcat(&t1->content[oldcapacity - 1], string_to_copy_into_t1)。
-
int sizeNeeded = (t1->capacity + t2->capacity); 已关闭。您以 24 的幂分配容量,这实际上与字符串长度无关。字符串和空终止符都需要有 strlen(t1->content) + strlen(t2->content) + 1 字节。
试试这个:
size_t text_newsize(size_t sizeNeeded)
{
// I think this is just `return 24 << (sizeNeeded / 24);`, but not sure
int sizeGot = 24;
while (sizeNeeded > sizeGot) {
sizeGot *= 2;
}
return sizeGot;
}
text *newText(char *s) {
printf("new Text from %s\n", s);
if (s == NULL) return NULL;
int sizeNeeded = strlen(s) + 1;
int sizeGot = text_newsize(sizeNeeded);
text *out = malloc(sizeof(*out));
if (out == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
out->content = malloc(sizeGot);
if (out->content == NULL) {
free(out);
return NULL;
}
strcpy(out->content, s);
out->capacity = sizeGot;
printf("the capacity is %d\n", sizeGot);
return out;
}
还有这个:
int append(text *t1, text *t2) {
printf("t1 content is %s, t2 content is %s\n", t1->content, t2->content);
int sizeNeeded = strlen(t1->content) + strlen(t2->content) + 1;
if (t1->capacity < sizeNeeded) {
// this could a text_resize(text*, size_t) function
int sizeGot = text_newsize(sizeNeeded);
void *tmp = realloc(t1->content, sizeGot);
if (tmp == NULL) return -ENOMEM;
t1->content = tmp;
t1->capacity = sizeGot;
}
strcat(t1->content, t2->content);
return 0;
}
一些备注:
- 尝试处理库中的错误。如果你有一个类似
void append(text *t1, text *t2) 的函数,让它成为int append(text *t1, text *t2),成功时返回0,*alloc 错误时返回负数。
- 使用
size_t 类型存储所有内容的大小。它在stddef.h 中定义,应该用来表示对象的大小。 strlen 返回 size_t 和 sizeof 也返回 size_t。
- 我喜欢将所有内容都放在一个“命名空间”中,为此我在函数前面加上
text_ 之类的字符串。
- 我有一些空闲时间并决定实施您的库。下面是一个简单的
text 对象存储字符串的代码,我使用24 幻数作为分配块大小。
// text.h file
#ifndef TEXT_H_
#define TEXT_H_
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
struct text;
typedef struct text text;
text *text_new(const char content[]);
void text_free(text *t);
int text_resize(text *t, size_t newsize);
int text_append(text *to, const text *from);
int text_append_mem(text *to, const void *from, size_t from_len);
const char *text_get(const text *t);
int text_append_str(text *to, const char *from);
char *text_get_nonconst(text *t);
size_t text_getCapacity(const text *t);
bool text_equal(const text *t1, const text *t2);
#endif // TEXT_H_
// text.c file
//#include "text.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
struct text {
size_t capacity;
char *content;
};
text *text_new(const char content[])
{
text * const t = malloc(sizeof(*t));
if (t == NULL) goto MALLOC_ERR;
const struct text zero = {
.capacity = 0,
.content = NULL,
};
*t = zero;
if (content != NULL) {
const int ret = text_append_str(t, content);
if (ret) {
goto TEXT_APPEND_ERR;
}
}
return t;
TEXT_APPEND_ERR:
free(t);
MALLOC_ERR:
return NULL;
}
void text_free(text *t)
{
assert(t != NULL);
free(t->content);
free(t);
}
int text_resize(text *t, size_t newcapacity)
{
// printf("%s %d -> %d\n", __func__, t->capacity, newcapacity);
// we resize in chunks
const size_t chunksize = 24;
// clap the capacity into multiple of 24
newcapacity = (newcapacity + chunksize - 1) / chunksize * chunksize;
void * const tmp = realloc(t->content, newcapacity);
if (tmp == NULL) return -ENOMEM;
t->content = tmp;
t->capacity = newcapacity;
return 0;
}
int text_append_mem(text *to, const void *from, size_t from_len)
{
if (to == NULL || from == NULL) return -EINVAL;
if (from_len == 0) return 0;
const size_t oldcapacity = to->capacity == 0 ? 0 : strlen(to->content);
const size_t newcapacity = oldcapacity + from_len + 1;
int ret = text_resize(to, newcapacity);
if (ret) return ret;
memcpy(&to->content[newcapacity - from_len - 1], from, from_len);
to->content[newcapacity - 1] = '\0';
return 0;
}
int text_append_str(text *to, const char *from)
{
if (to == NULL || from == NULL) return -EINVAL;
return text_append_mem(to, from, strlen(from));
}
int text_append(text *to, const text *from)
{
if (to == NULL || from == NULL) return -EINVAL;
if (text_getCapacity(from) == 0) return 0;
return text_append_str(to, text_get(from));
}
const char *text_get(const text *t)
{
return t->content;
}
const size_t text_strlen(const text *t)
{
return t->capacity == 0 ? 0 : strlen(t->content);
}
size_t text_getCapacity(const text *t)
{
return t->capacity;
}
bool text_equal_str(const text *t, const char *str)
{
assert(t != NULL);
if (str == NULL && t->capacity == 0) return true;
const size_t strlength = strlen(str);
const size_t t_strlen = text_strlen(t);
if (t_strlen != strlength) return false;
if (memcmp(text_get(t), str, strlength) != 0) return false;
return true;
}
// main.c file
#include <stdio.h>
int text_testAppend(void) {
text *t = text_new("car");
if (t == NULL) return -1;
text *t2 = text_new("pet");
if (t2 == NULL) return -1;
if (text_append(t, t2)) return -1;
assert(text_equal_str(t, "carpet"));
assert(text_getCapacity(t) == 24);
text *t3 = text_new("789012345678901234");
if (t3 == NULL) return -1;
if (text_append(t, t3)) return -1;
assert(text_equal_str(t, "carpet789012345678901234"));
assert(text_getCapacity(t) == 48);
text_free(t);
text_free(t2);
text_free(t3);
return 0;
}
int main()
{
text *t1 = text_new("abc");
text_append_str(t1, "def");
printf("%s\n", text_get(t1));
text_free(t1);
printf("text_testAppend = %d\n", text_testAppend());
return 0;
}