如何同时为图片添加对比度和亮度等多种效果

Question

我用python创建了一个简单的程序来改变图片对比度、亮度颜色等。首先我只添加了一个效果，效果很好，我设法将它与一个缩放器链接。然后我尝试一次添加多个效果，我也与缩放器相关联，但是当我尝试在图片上添加多个效果（例如同时对比度和亮度）时，我得到了一个灰色的屏幕，或者什么也没发生图片。

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename
from PIL import Image
from PIL import ImageEnhance


def main():
    window = Tk()
    window.geometry("400x290")
    window.configure(background="#EBEBEB")
    OpenB = ttk.Button(window, text="Import Photo")
    OpenB.pack()

    def onClickImport():
        askimage = askopenfilename()
        global img
        img=Image.open(askimage)

    OpenB.config(command=onClickImport)
    window.mainloop()
    window2 = Tk()
    window2.geometry("400x290")
    window2.configure(background="#EBEBEB")

    DisplayButton=ttk.Button(window2,text="Show")
    DisplayButton.pack()
    ScalerContrast= ttk.Scale(window2, from_=1.0, to_=5.0)
    ScalerContrast.pack()
    ScalerBrightness = ttk.Scale(window2, from_=1.0, to_=5.0)
    ScalerBrightness.pack()
    ScalerColor = ttk.Scale(window2, from_=1, to_=100)
    ScalerColor.pack()
    ScalerSharpness = ttk.Scale(window2, from_=1, to_=100)
    ScalerSharpness.pack()

    textCon=Text(window2,width=8,height=1)
    textCon.insert(END,"Contrast")
    textCon.config(state=DISABLED)
    textCon.configure(background="#EBEBEB")
    textCon.configure(font="Roboto")
    textCon.pack()

    textBr=Text(window2,width=8,height=1)
    textBr.insert(END,"Brightness")
    textBr.config(state=DISABLED)
    textBr.configure(background="#EBEBEB")
    textBr.configure(font="Roboto")
    textBr.pack()

    textCor=Text(window2,width=8,height=1)
    textCor.insert(END,"Color")
    textCor.config(state=DISABLED)
    textCor.configure(background="#EBEBEB")
    textCor.configure(font="Roboto")
    textCor.pack()

    textSh=Text(window2,width=8,height=1)
    textSh.insert(END,"Sharpness")
    textSh.config(state=DISABLED)
    textSh.configure(background="#EBEBEB")
    textSh.configure(font="Roboto")
    textSh.pack()

    converter = ImageEnhance.Contrast(img)
    converter1= ImageEnhance.Brightness(img)
    converter2= ImageEnhance.Color(img)
    converter3= ImageEnhance.Sharpness(img)

    def onClickDisplay():
        img2=converter.enhance(ScalerContrast.get()) and converter1.enhance(ScalerBrightness.get()) and\
        converter2.enhance(ScalerColor.get())   and converter3.enhance(ScalerColor.get())
        img2.show()

    DisplayButton.config(command=onClickDisplay)

    window2.mainloop()


if __name__=='__main__':
    main()

Answer 1

欢迎来到 SO！ 首先，您不必为所有按钮、文本小部件等使用 config - 您可以在创建小部件时简单地将所有这些选项作为参数提供，例如

textCon = Text(window2, width=8, height=1, state=DISABLED, background="#EBEBEB", font="Roboto")

这使您的代码更短、更简单、更快。 您在onClickDisplay 中所做的事情不起作用，原因很简单。您正在使用and，它是一个布尔运算符，试图同时发生多件事情——这不是and 的意义所在。这就是我重写你的代码的方式：

class CustomImageEnhancer()
    def __init__(self):

        def onClickImport():
            askimg = fd.askopenfilename()
            self.img = Image.open(askimage)
            return self.img

        def converted_image(img_a, contrast, brightness, color, sharpness):
            contrast_converter = ImageEnhance.Contrast(img_a)
            img_b = contrast_converter.enhance(contrast)
            brightness_converter = ImageEnhance.Brightness(img_b)
            img_c = brightness_converter.enhance(brightness)
            color_converter = ImageEnhance.Color(img_c)
            img_d = color_converter.enhance(color)
            sharpness_converter = ImageEnhance.Sharpness(img_d)
            img_final = sharpness_converter.enhance(sharpness)
            return img_final

        def onClickDisplay():
            cont = ScalerContrast.get()
            bright = ScalerBrightness.get()
            col = ScalerColor.get()
            sharp = ScalerSharpness.get()
            img = self.img
            new_img = converted_image(img, cont, bright, col, sharp)
            new_img.show()

        root = Tk()
        OpenB = ttk.Button(root, text="Import Photo", command=onClickImport)
        OpenB.pack()

        DisplayButton=ttk.Button(root, text="Show", command=onClickDisplay)
        ScalerContrast= ttk.Scale(root, from_=1.0, to_=5.0)
        ScalerBrightness = ttk.Scale(root, from_=1.0, to_=5.0)
        ScalerColor = ttk.Scale(root, from_=1, to_=100)
        ScalerSharpness = ttk.Scale(root, from_=1, to_=100)

        DisplayButton.pack()
        ScalerContrast.pack()
        ScalerBrightness.pack()
        ScalerColor.pack()
        ScalerSharpness.pack()

        textCon=Text(root, width=8, height=1, state=DISABLED, background="#EBEBEB", font='Roboto')
        textCon.insert(END, 'Contrast')
        textCon.pack()

        textBr=Text(root, width=8, height=1, state=DISABLED, background='#EBEBEB', font='Roboto')
        textBr.insert(END, 'Brightness')
        textBr.pack()

        textCor=Text(root, width=8, height=1, state=DISABLED, background='#EBEBEB', font='Roboto')
        textCor.insert(END, 'Color')
        textCor.pack()

        textSh=Text(root, width=8, height=1, state=DISABLED, background='#EBEBEB', font='Roboto')
        textSh.insert(END, 'Color')
        textSh.pack()

        root.mainloop()


window=CustomImageEnhancer()

通过定义一个类，您可以解决必须使用全局变量的问题。在您的情况下，不需要打开两个窗口，因为您只需将用于选择图像文件的按钮添加到另一个窗口即可。我建议使用place() 而不是pack()，因为它允许您为窗口内的不同小部件定义精确的 x 和 y 坐标，这将使它看起来更有条理 - pack 只是将小部件一个接一个地放置.