ConfigParser 在输出文件中写入双节

Question

我正在使用 ConfigParser 模块写出一个配置文件，其中包含正在收集的服务器信息。我写的第 1 部分是本地系统信息，但由于某种原因，它似乎将第 1 部分写了两次。

这是我用来编写配置的代码：

    def system_info(config_file):
        cnf_file = open(config_file, 'w+')
        config.add_section('System Information')
        wmi_conn_local = wmi.WMI()
        for OpSys in wmi_conn_local.Win32_OperatingSystem():
            OpSys = OpSys.Caption
        x64 = tools.is_64_bit()
        if x64 is True:
            config.set('System Information', 'System Architecture', '64-bit')
        else:
            config.set('System Information', 'System Architecture', '32-bit')
        HostName = socket.gethostname()
        config.set('System Information', 'Hostname', HostName)
        config.set('System Information', 'OS', OpSys)
        config.write(cnf_file)
        cnf_file.close()

    def sql_info(config_file):
        cnf_file = open(config_file, 'a+')
        SQLServer_raw = raw_input("Please enter the SQL Server name: ")
        server_correct = tools.query_yes_no("Is %s correct?" % SQLServer_raw)
        if server_correct is False:
            SQLServer_raw = raw_input("Sorry about that. Please enter the correct SQLCMD Path: ")
        SQLIP = socket.gethostbyname(SQLServer_raw)
        config.add_section('SQL Server')
        config.set('SQL Server', 'Server Name', SQLServer_raw)
        config.set('SQL Server', 'Server IP', SQLIP)
        SQL_User = raw_input("Please enter the username to the connection to the SQL server: ")
        user_correct = tools.query_yes_no("Is %s correct?" % SQL_User)
        if user_correct is False:
            SQL_User = raw_input("Sorry about that. Please enter the correct SQL User: ")
        config.set('SQL Server', 'SQL User', SQL_User)
        SQL_Pass = raw_input("Please enter the password for the username you specified above: ")
        pass_correct = tools.query_yes_no("Is %s correct?" % SQL_Pass)
        if pass_correct is False:
            SQL_Pass = raw_input("Sorry about that. Please enter the correct SQL Password: ")
        config.set('SQL Server', 'SQL Password', SQL_Pass)
        config.write(cnf_file)
        cnf_file.close()

if setup_exists is False:
        os.system('cls')
        print header
        print "Setup file not found. Creating file."
        logger.info("Setup file not found. Creating file.")

        print "Gathering System Information..."
        logger.info("Gathering System Information...")
        setup_config.system_info(config_file)

        print "Gathering SQL Server Information..."
        logger.info("Gathering SQL Server Information...")
        setup_config.sql_info(config_file)

这是我在配置文件中看到的输出：

[System Information]
system architecture = 64-bit
hostname = FLA-7MartinezD
os = Microsoft Windows 7 Enterprise 

[System Information]
system architecture = 64-bit
hostname = FLA-7MartinezD
os = Microsoft Windows 7 Enterprise 

[SQL Server]
server name = sql1
server ip = 198.105.244.102
sql user = sa
sql password = password

我唯一能看到的是，我使用 w+ 方法来编写系统信息，而 a+ 用于 SQL 部分（以及之后的其他部分）。我这样做是想先写 SysInfo，然后附加其他部分，但我可能错了。

Answer 1

这个bug是两次造成的

config.write(cnf_file)
cnf_file.close()

在被调用的两个函数中，config对象是全局的，那么第二次用cnf_file = open(config_file, 'a+')打开文件时使用的是添加方式，所以添加了system_info的信息

您必须提取它们并将它们放在主文件中，或者更简单地，第二次以写入模式打开文件：

cnf_file = open(config_file, 'w+')

Answer 2

重新考虑布局。

• 为什么你是 config 变量全局变量？
• 您希望它是全球性的吗？

您的问题是，配置对象是全局的，您将它两次写入文件！

• 假设您调用了 system_info(..)。
• 配置对象现在包含一个“系统信息”部分

• 您将配置写入文件：

  [System Information]
  system architecture = 64-bit
  hostname = FLA-7MartinezD
  os = Microsoft Windows 7 Enterprise 
  

• 现在你调用 sql_info()

• 配置对象现在包含“SQL Server”和“系统信息”部分

• 您将配置附加到文件中：

  [System Information]
  system architecture = 64-bit
  hostname = FLA-7MartinezD
  os = Microsoft Windows 7 Enterprise 
  
  [System Information]
  system architecture = 64-bit
  hostname = FLA-7MartinezD
  os = Microsoft Windows 7 Enterprise 
  
  [SQL Server]
  server name = sql1
  server ip = 198.105.244.102
  sql user = sa
  sql password = password
  

使用全局配置对象的解决方案

    def system_info():
        if not config.has_section('System Information'): # prevent DuplicateSectionError
            config.add_section('System Information')
        wmi_conn_local = wmi.WMI()
        for OpSys in wmi_conn_local.Win32_OperatingSystem():
            OpSys = OpSys.Caption
        x64 = tools.is_64_bit()
        if x64 is True:
            config.set('System Information', 'System Architecture', '64-bit')
        else:
            config.set('System Information', 'System Architecture', '32-bit')
        HostName = socket.gethostname()
        config.set('System Information', 'Hostname', HostName)
        config.set('System Information', 'OS', OpSys)

    def sql_info():
        SQLServer_raw = raw_input("Please enter the SQL Server name: ")
        server_correct = tools.query_yes_no("Is %s correct?" % SQLServer_raw)
        if server_correct is False:
            SQLServer_raw = raw_input("Sorry about that. Please enter the correct SQLCMD Path: ")
        SQLIP = socket.gethostbyname(SQLServer_raw)
        if not config.has_section('SQL Server'): # prevent DuplicateSectionError
            config.add_section('SQL Server')
        config.set('SQL Server', 'Server Name', SQLServer_raw)
        config.set('SQL Server', 'Server IP', SQLIP)
        SQL_User = raw_input("Please enter the username to the connection to the SQL server: ")
        user_correct = tools.query_yes_no("Is %s correct?" % SQL_User)
        if user_correct is False:
            SQL_User = raw_input("Sorry about that. Please enter the correct SQL User: ")
        config.set('SQL Server', 'SQL User', SQL_User)
        SQL_Pass = raw_input("Please enter the password for the username you specified above: ")
        pass_correct = tools.query_yes_no("Is %s correct?" % SQL_Pass)
        if pass_correct is False:
            SQL_Pass = raw_input("Sorry about that. Please enter the correct SQL Password: ")
        config.set('SQL Server', 'SQL Password', SQL_Pass)

if setup_exists is False:
        os.system('cls')
        print header
        print "Setup file not found. Creating file."
        logger.info("Setup file not found. Creating file.")

        print "Gathering System Information..."
        logger.info("Gathering System Information...")
        setup_config.system_info()

        print "Gathering SQL Server Information..."
        logger.info("Gathering SQL Server Information...")
        setup_config.sql_info()

        with open(config_file, 'w') as cnf_file:
            config.write(cnf_file)

使用本地配置对象的解决方案（推荐）

    def system_info(config):
        if not config.has_section('System Information'): # prevent DuplicateSectionError
            config.add_section('System Information')
        wmi_conn_local = wmi.WMI()
        for OpSys in wmi_conn_local.Win32_OperatingSystem():
            OpSys = OpSys.Caption
        x64 = tools.is_64_bit()
        if x64 is True:
            config.set('System Information', 'System Architecture', '64-bit')
        else:
            config.set('System Information', 'System Architecture', '32-bit')
        HostName = socket.gethostname()
        config.set('System Information', 'Hostname', HostName)
        config.set('System Information', 'OS', OpSys)
        return config

    def sql_info(config):
        SQLServer_raw = raw_input("Please enter the SQL Server name: ")
        server_correct = tools.query_yes_no("Is %s correct?" % SQLServer_raw)
        if server_correct is False:
            SQLServer_raw = raw_input("Sorry about that. Please enter the correct SQLCMD Path: ")
        SQLIP = socket.gethostbyname(SQLServer_raw)
        if not config.has_section('SQL Server'): # prevent DuplicateSectionError
            config.add_section('SQL Server')
        config.set('SQL Server', 'Server Name', SQLServer_raw)
        config.set('SQL Server', 'Server IP', SQLIP)
        SQL_User = raw_input("Please enter the username to the connection to the SQL server: ")
        user_correct = tools.query_yes_no("Is %s correct?" % SQL_User)
        if user_correct is False:
            SQL_User = raw_input("Sorry about that. Please enter the correct SQL User: ")
        config.set('SQL Server', 'SQL User', SQL_User)
        SQL_Pass = raw_input("Please enter the password for the username you specified above: ")
        pass_correct = tools.query_yes_no("Is %s correct?" % SQL_Pass)
        if pass_correct is False:
            SQL_Pass = raw_input("Sorry about that. Please enter the correct SQL Password: ")
        config.set('SQL Server', 'SQL Password', SQL_Pass)
        return config

if setup_exists is False:
        os.system('cls')
        print header
        print "Setup file not found. Creating file."
        logger.info("Setup file not found. Creating file.")
        config = ConfigParser.RawConfigParser()
        print "Gathering System Information..."
        logger.info("Gathering System Information...")
        config = setup_config.system_info(config)

        print "Gathering SQL Server Information..."
        logger.info("Gathering SQL Server Information...")
        config = setup_config.sql_info(config)

        with open(config_file, 'w') as cnf_file:
            config.write(cnf_file)