Python 多数字猜谜游戏

Question

我正在尝试创建一个包含多个数字的数字猜谜游戏。计算机生成 4 个介于 1 和 9 之间的随机数，然后用户有 10 次机会猜出正确的数字。我需要将反馈显示为YYYY 以表示猜中的 4 个正确数字，YNNY 表示猜中的第一个和最后一个数字等（你明白了）。下面的代码不断返回说IndexError: list index out of range。

from random import randint

guessesTaken = 0
randomNumber = []

for x in range(4):
        tempNumber = randint(1, 9)
        randomNumber.append(tempNumber)

Guess = []
Guess.append(list(input("Guess Number: ")))

print(randomNumber)
print(Guess)

if randomNumber[0] == Guess[0]:
    print("Y")
elif randomNumber[1] == Guess[1]:
    print("Y")
elif randomNumber[2] == Guess[2]:
    print("Y")
elif randomNumber[3] == Guess[3]:
    print("Y")
elif randomNumber[0] != Guess[0]:
    print("N")
elif randomNumber[1] != Guess[1]:
    print("N")
elif randomNumber[2] != Guess[2]:
    print("N")
elif randomNumber[3] != Guess[3]:
    print("N")

Answer 1

您需要四次猜测来匹配随机数，您也可以使用列表组合来缩短您的代码：

from random import randint

guessesTaken = 0
randomNumber = []

Guess = []
for x in range(4):
        tempNumber = str(randint(1, 9)) # compare string to string 
        randomNumber.append(tempNumber)
        Guess.append(input("Guess Number: "))

print("".join(["Y" if a==b else "N" for a,b in zip(Guess,randomNumber)]))

您还可以使用 enumerate 来检查匹配索引处的元素：

print("".join(["Y" if randomNumber[ind]==ele else "N"  for ind, ele in enumerate(Guess)]))

让用户循环猜测：

from random import randint

guessesTaken = 0
randomNumber = [str(randint(1, 9))  for _ in range(4)] # create list of random nums

while guessesTaken < 10: 
    guesses = list(raw_input("Guess Number: ")) # create list of four digits
    check = "".join(["Y" if a==b else "N" for a,b in zip(guesses,randomNumber)])
    if check == "YYYY": # if check has four Y's we have a correct guess
        print("Congratulations, you are correct")
        break
    else:
        guessesTaken += 1 # else increment guess count and ask again
        print(check)

Answer 2

现在您只要求用户进行一次猜测，并将猜测附加到Guess 列表中。所以Guess 列表只有一个元素，但您使用的是Guess[1]、Guess[2] 等，这当然会导致IndexError

Answer 3

我会重新排列你的代码，这样它就不会偏离你所做的太远。

from random import randint

guessesTaken = 0
randomNumbers = []
Guess = [] # Combine your guesses with your loop

for x in range(4):
    tempNumber = randint(1, 9)
    randomNumbers.append(tempNumber)
    # This should be done four times too
    # In Python 2, instead of this:
    # Guess.append(input("Guess Number: ")) 
    # do this:
    Guess.append(int(raw_input("Guess Number: "))) #  raw_input and pass to int 
    # in python 3, raw_input becomes input, so do this instead:
    # Guess.append(int(input("Guess Number: "))) 


print(randomNumbers)
print(Guess)

您可以将它们组合在一个循环中以避免重复代码：

if randomNumbers[0] == Guess[0]:
    print("Y")
else:
    print("N")
if randomNumbers[1] == Guess[1]:
    print("Y")
else:
    print("N")
if randomNumbers[2] == Guess[2]:
    print("Y")
else:
    print("N")
if randomNumbers[3] == Guess[3]:
    print("Y")
else:
    print("N")

也许，打印您想要的结果，例如YNNY，像这样：

result = []
for index in range(4):
    if randomNumbers[index] == Guess[index]:
        result.append("Y")
    else:
        result.append("N")
print(''.join(result))

如果你想要更简洁的代码，请使用 Python 的三元运算：

result = []
for index in range(4):
    result.append("Y" if randomNumbers[index] == Guess[index] else "N")
print(''.join(result))

或者使用True == 1和False == 0作为索引：

result = []
for index in range(4):
    result.append("NY"[randomNumbers[index] == Guess[index]])
print(''.join(result))