如何使用 Windows 的 bootsnap 修复“无法构建 gem 原生扩展”错误

Question

我使用的是 Windows，我刚刚安装了 Ruby on Rails，ruby 是 2.6.3p62 版（2019-04-16 修订版 67580）[x64-mingw32]，rails 是 6.0.0 版。 运行 rails new blog 时（在this tutorial 之后）捆绑安装运行。

我尝试过重新安装 Ruby，更改其版本，甚至删除 bootsnap 并运行其他东西，但即使尝试安装 puma gem，我也会遇到同样的错误。

Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

current directory:
C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/ext/bootsnap
C:/Ruby26-x64/bin/ruby.exe -I C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/2.6.0 -r
./siteconf20191028-6188-1rw29js.rb extconf.rb
creating Makefile

current directory:
C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/ext/bootsnap
make "DESTDIR=" clean

current directory:
C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5/ext/bootsnap
make "DESTDIR="
generating bootsnap-x64-mingw32.def
compiling bootsnap.c
linking shared-object bootsnap/bootsnap.so
C:/Ruby26-x64/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe:
bootsnap.o:bootsnap.c:(.text+0x557): undefined reference to `__strcat_chk'
C:/Ruby26-x64/msys64/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/9.2.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/bin/ld.exe:
bootsnap.o:bootsnap.c:(.text+0xa07): undefined reference to `__chk_fail'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [Makefile:261: bootsnap.so] Error 1

make failed, exit code 2

Gem files will remain installed in
C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/bootsnap-1.4.5 for inspection.
Results logged to
C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/extensions/x64-mingw32/2.6.0/bootsnap-1.4.5/gem_make.out

An error occurred while installing bootsnap (1.4.5), and Bundler cannot
continue.
Make sure that `gem install bootsnap -v '1.4.5' --source
'https://rubygems.org/'` succeeds before bundling.

Answer 1

实际上，Bootsnap 无论如何都不能在 Windows 上运行，所以我建议将其从 Gemfile 中删除。如果您想将其留在生产环境中，也许您应该有条件地将其包含在以下内容中：

gem 'bootsnap' unless (RbConfig::CONFIG['host_os'] =~ /mswin|mingw|cygwin/)