Windows 10 SSH 服务器安装未创建所需服务答案

【问题标题】：Windows 10 SSH server installation does not create required servicesWindows 10 SSH 服务器安装未创建所需服务
【发布时间】：2020-07-31 05:15:28
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试在我的 Windows 10 电脑上安装 Open-SSH，以便使用 ssh 从我的 linux 机器连接到它。我关注this tutorial，但是一旦我必须运行Start-Service ssh-agent 之类的东西，它就会说该服务不存在。另一个不起作用的是Install-Module -Force OpenSSHUtils，它说the signature of the file 'OpenSSHUtils.psd1' is not valid. 我尝试了许多其他教程，在每个教程之前都卸载了所有内容，但没有一个可以工作。有没有办法手动安装这些东西？我错过了安装的重要步骤吗？

【问题讨论】：

如果您没有正确安装模块，那么很可能没有任何效果。如果运行以下命令会产生什么结果？获取执行策略。还有你用什么方法安装的？ Powershell/DISM/Windows 功能？
@Scepticalist 当我运行该命令时，它显示不受限制。（我正在使用管理员权限）我已经尝试了所有这三种方法，但我觉得我使用 Powershell 获得的最远
这个问题与Powershell中的编码问题无关。

标签： powershell windows-10 openssh

【解决方案1】：

您知道您可以使用“添加功能”选项直接在 Windows 10 中安装 SSH，对吗？无需下载外部模块/工具，除非内置模块/工具不能满足您的所有需求。

Installation of OpenSSH For Windows Server 2019 and Windows 10

# Install the OpenSSH Client
Add-WindowsCapability -Online -Name OpenSSH.Client~~~~0.0.1.0

# Install the OpenSSH Server
Add-WindowsCapability -Online -Name OpenSSH.Server~~~~0.0.1.0

使用图形用户界面

How to Enable and Use Windows 10’s New Built-in SSH Commands

然而，如果您决定使用外部的东西，那么，在真正实施之前，请始终测试破坏性（CUD = 创建、更新、删除）代码。

Find-Module -Name 'OpenSSHUtils' -Verbose

<#
VERBOSE: Repository details, Name = 'PSGallery', Location = 'https://www.powershellgallery.com/api/v2'; IsTrusted = 'False'; IsRegistered = 'True'.
VERBOSE: Repository details, Name = 'PSGallery', Location = 'https://www.powershellgallery.com/api/v2'; IsTrusted = 'False'; IsRegistered = 'True'.
VERBOSE: Using the provider 'PowerShellGet' for searching packages.
VERBOSE: The -Repository parameter was not specified.  PowerShellGet will use all of the registered repositories.
VERBOSE: Getting the provider object for the PackageManagement Provider 'NuGet'.
VERBOSE: The specified Location is 'https://www.powershellgallery.com/api/v2' and PackageManagementProvider is 'NuGet'.
VERBOSE: Searching repository 'https://www.powershellgallery.com/api/v2/FindPackagesById()?id='OpenSSHUtils'' for ''.
VERBOSE: Total package yield:'1' for the specified package 'OpenSSHUtils'.

Version              Name                                Repository           Description                                                                                                           
-------              ----                                ----------           -----------                                                                                                           
1.0.0.1              OpenSSHUtils                        PSGallery            Configure OpenSSH for Windows related security settings like file owner and permissions. 
#>


Find-Module -Name 'OpenSSHUtils' -Verbose | 
Save-Module -Path "$env:USERPROFILE\Documents\WindowsPowerShell\Modules" -Verbose -WhatIf
<#
VERBOSE: Repository details, Name = 'PSGallery', Location = 'https://www.powershellgallery.com/api/v2'; IsTrusted = 'False'; IsRegistered = 'True'.
VERBOSE: Repository details, Name = 'PSGallery', Location = 'https://www.powershellgallery.com/api/v2'; IsTrusted = 'False'; IsRegistered = 'True'.
VERBOSE: Using the provider 'PowerShellGet' for searching packages.
VERBOSE: The -Repository parameter was not specified.  PowerShellGet will use all of the registered repositories.
VERBOSE: Getting the provider object for the PackageManagement Provider 'NuGet'.
VERBOSE: The specified Location is 'https://www.powershellgallery.com/api/v2' and PackageManagementProvider is 'NuGet'.
VERBOSE: Searching repository 'https://www.powershellgallery.com/api/v2/FindPackagesById()?id='OpenSSHUtils'' for ''.
VERBOSE: Total package yield:'1' for the specified package 'OpenSSHUtils'.
VERBOSE: Repository details, Name = 'PSGallery', Location = 'https://www.powershellgallery.com/api/v2'; IsTrusted = 'False'; IsRegistered = 'True'.
VERBOSE: Using the provider 'PowerShellGet' for searching packages.
VERBOSE: Using the specified source names : 'PSGallery'.
VERBOSE: Getting the provider object for the PackageManagement Provider 'NuGet'.
VERBOSE: The specified Location is 'https://www.powershellgallery.com/api/v2' and PackageManagementProvider is 'NuGet'.
VERBOSE: Searching repository 'https://www.powershellgallery.com/api/v2/FindPackagesById()?id='OpenSSHUtils'' for ''.
VERBOSE: Total package yield:'1' for the specified package 'OpenSSHUtils'.
What if: Performing the operation "Save Package" on target "'OpenSSHUtils' to location 'C:\Users\Daniel\Documents\WindowsPowerShell\Modules'".
#>

Install-Module -Name 'OpenSSHUtils' -Verbose -WhatIf

<#
VERBOSE: Using the provider 'PowerShellGet' for searching packages.
VERBOSE: The -Repository parameter was not specified.  PowerShellGet will use all of the registered repositories.
VERBOSE: Getting the provider object for the PackageManagement Provider 'NuGet'.
VERBOSE: The specified Location is 'https://www.powershellgallery.com/api/v2' and PackageManagementProvider is 'NuGet'.
VERBOSE: Searching repository 'https://www.powershellgallery.com/api/v2/FindPackagesById()?id='OpenSSHUtils'' for ''.
VERBOSE: Total package yield:'1' for the specified package 'OpenSSHUtils'.
What if: Performing the operation "Install-Module" on target "Version '1.0.0.1' of module 'OpenSSHUtils'".
#>

【讨论】：

我遵循了所有命令，但Install-Module -Name 'OpenSSHUtils' -Verbose gives this error: 无法安装或更新模块“OpenSSHUtils”，因为文件“OpenSSHUtils.psd1”的身份验证签名无效。 microsoft 的教程，当它说要这样做时：Start-Service sshd # OPTIONAL but recommended: Set-Service -Name sshd -StartupType 'Automatic' 它什么也不做，因为该服务不存在。甚至没有任何与 ssh 或 sshd 相关的服务。
您可以从这里手动下载模块：powershellgallery.com/packages/OpenSSHUtils/1.0.0.1。使用 winzip 或类似工具打开 NuPkg 并将文件夹复制到您的模块文件夹。然后看看 Import-module 是否有效。