为什么子类方法打印 null ？我究竟做错了什么？

Question

任何提示为什么我的代码将 null 作为输出值而不是传递的参数。请指导我完成代码。

父类：

class Language{
  protected String name;
  protected int numSpeakers;
  protected String regionsSpoken;
  protected String wordOrder;

  public Language(String getName, int getNumSpeakers, String getRegionsSpoken, String getWordOrder){
    this.name = getName;
    this.numSpeakers = getNumSpeakers;
    this.regionsSpoken = getRegionsSpoken;
    this.wordOrder = getWordOrder;
  }

  public void getInfo(){
    System.out.println(name+ " is spoken by "+numSpeakers+"  people mainly in "+regionsSpoken);
    System.out.println("The language follows the word order: "+wordOrder);
  }

  public static void main(String[] args){
    Mayan mayanLanguage = new Mayan("Ki'che'",30000);
    mayanLanguage.getInfo();
  }
}

儿童班：

class Mayan extends Language {
  protected String name;
  protected int numSpeakers;

  Mayan(String languageName,int speakers ){
    super(languageName,speakers,"Central America","verb-object-subject");
  }

  @Override
  public void getInfo() {
    System.out.println(name+" is spoken by "+numSpeakers+" people mainly in Central America.");
    System.out.println("The language follows the word order: verb-object-subject");
    System.out.println("Fun fact: "+name+" is an ergative language.");
  }
}

我查看了代码并尝试通过更改来解决它，但似乎没有任何效果，我陷入了我在代码中没有看到的错误中。

预期是： Ki'che' 主要在中美洲有 2330000 人使用。 语言遵循词序：动词-宾语-主语 有趣的事实：Ki'che 是一种作格语言。

实际是： null 主要在中美洲由 0 人使用。 语言遵循词序：动词-宾语-主语 有趣的事实：null 是一种作格语言。

Answer 1

在Mayan 你有字段

protected String name;
protected int numSpeakers;

删除这些将解决您的问题。发生此问题的原因是，当您定义上面的两行时，您将隐藏 Language 中的两个字段，并且您必须访问 Language 中的字段，例如 super.name、super.numSpeakers 等。 .

以下内容可能是您所追求的。

public class Mayan extends Language {
    private static final String REGION = "Central America";
    private static final String WORD_ORDER = "verb-object-subject";

    public Mayan(String languageName, int speakers) {
        super(languageName, speakers, REGION, WORD_ORDER);
    }

    @Override
    public void getInfo() {
        super.getInfo();
        System.out.println("Fun fact: " + name + " is an ergative language.");
    }
}

---

正如 Gavin 指出的，可以限制访问修饰符。如果您在程序的单个包中工作，您最终可能会得到类似

Language.java

class Language {
    String name;
    private int numSpeakers;
    private String regionsSpoken;
    private String wordOrder;

    Language(String getName, int getNumSpeakers, String getRegionsSpoken, String getWordOrder) {
        this.name = getName;
        this.numSpeakers = getNumSpeakers;
        this.regionsSpoken = getRegionsSpoken;
        this.wordOrder = getWordOrder;
    }

    void getInfo() {
        System.out.println(name + " is spoken by " + numSpeakers + "  people mainly in " + regionsSpoken);
        System.out.println("The language follows the word order: " + wordOrder);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Mayan mayanLanguage = new Mayan("Ki'che'",30000);
        mayanLanguage.getInfo();
    }
}

Mayan.java

class Mayan extends Language {
    private static final String REGION = "Central America";
    private static final String WORD_ORDER = "verb-object-subject";

    Mayan(String languageName, int speakers) {
        super(languageName, speakers, REGION, WORD_ORDER);
    }

    @Override
    void getInfo() {
        super.getInfo();
        System.out.println("Fun fact: " + name + " is an ergative language.");
    }
}