Scrapy Item管道未启用

Question

我正在尝试在 Django 应用程序中设置一个 Scrapy 蜘蛛，它从页面读取信息并使用 DjangoItems 将其发布到 Django 的 SQLite 数据库中。 现在看来，scraper 本身正在工作，但是，它没有向数据库添加任何内容。我的猜测是，它的发生是因为scrapy 没有启用任何项目管道。这是日志：

2019-10-05 15:23:07 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Scrapy 1.7.3 started (bot: scrapybot)
2019-10-05 15:23:07 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Versions: lxml 4.4.1.0, libxml2 2.9.5, cssselect 1.1.0, parsel 1.5.2, w3lib 1.21.0, Twisted 19.7.0, Python 3.7.4 (tags/v3.7.4:e09359112e, Jul  8 2019, 19:29:22) [MSC v.1916 32 bit (Intel)], pyOpenSSL 19.0.0 (OpenSSL 1.1.1c  28 May 2019), cryptography 2.7, Platform Windows-10-10.0.18362-SP0
2019-10-05 15:23:07 [scrapy.crawler] INFO: Overridden settings: {}
2019-10-05 15:23:07 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] INFO: Telnet Password: 6e614667b3cf5a1a
2019-10-05 15:23:07 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled extensions:
['scrapy.extensions.corestats.CoreStats',
 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole',
 'scrapy.extensions.logstats.LogStats']
2019-10-05 15:23:07 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares:
['scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpauth.HttpAuthMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.downloadtimeout.DownloadTimeoutMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry.RetryMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.MetaRefreshMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.RedirectMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.cookies.CookiesMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware',
 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.stats.DownloaderStats']
2019-10-05 15:23:07 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares:
['scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror.HttpErrorMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.offsite.OffsiteMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.referer.RefererMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.urllength.UrlLengthMiddleware',
 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.depth.DepthMiddleware']
2019-10-05 15:23:07 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled item pipelines:
[]
2019-10-05 15:23:07 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider opened
2019-10-05 15:23:07 [scrapy.extensions.logstats] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min)
2019-10-05 15:23:08 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] INFO: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6023
2019-10-05 15:23:08 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET https://www.barbora.lv/produkti/biezpiena-sierins-karums-vanilas-45-g> (referer: None)
2019-10-05 15:23:08 [scrapy.core.scraper] DEBUG: Scraped from <200 https://www.barbora.lv/produkti/biezpiena-sierins-karums-vanilas-45-g>
{'product_title': ['Biezpiena sieriņš KĀRUMS vaniļas 45g']}
2019-10-05 15:23:08 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Closing spider (finished)
2019-10-05 15:23:08 [scrapy.statscollectors] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:
{'downloader/request_bytes': 259,
 'downloader/request_count': 1,
 'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 1,
 'downloader/response_bytes': 15402,
 'downloader/response_count': 1,
 'downloader/response_status_count/200': 1,
 'elapsed_time_seconds': 0.418066,
 'finish_reason': 'finished',
 'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2019, 10, 5, 12, 23, 8, 417204),
 'item_scraped_count': 1,
 'log_count/DEBUG': 2,
 'log_count/INFO': 10,
 'response_received_count': 1,
 'scheduler/dequeued': 1,
 'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 1,
 'scheduler/enqueued': 1,
 'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 1,
 'start_time': datetime.datetime(2019, 10, 5, 12, 23, 7, 999138)}
2019-10-05 15:23:08 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider closed (finished)

如我所见，刮板返回预期值为“{'product_title': ['Biezpiena sieriņš KĀRUMS vaniļas 45g']}”，但它似乎没有传递到管道中，因为没有加载管道。

我花了几个小时查看不同的教程并尝试解决问题，但到目前为止没有运气。关于设置刮刀还有什么我可能忘记的吗？可能跟项目中的文件结构有关。

这里是相关文件。

items.py

from scrapy_djangoitem import DjangoItem
from product_scraper.models import Scrapelog


class ScrapelogItem(DjangoItem):
    django_model = Scrapelog

管道.py

class ProductInfoPipeline(object):
  def process_item(self, item, spider):
      item.save()
      yield item

settings.py

BOT_NAME = 'scraper'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['scraper.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'scraper.spiders'

ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True

ITEM_PIPELINES = {
    'scraper.pipelines.ProductInfoPipeline': 300,
}

蜘蛛product_info.py：

import scrapy
from product_scraper.scraper.scraper.items import ScrapelogItem

class ProductInfoSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'product_info'
    allowed_domains = ['www.barbora.lv']
    start_urls = ['https://www.barbora.lv/produkti/biezpiena-sierins-karums-vanilas-45-g']

    def parse(self, response):

        item = ScrapelogItem()
        item['product_title'] = response.xpath('//h1[@itemprop="name"]/text()').extract()
        return ScrapelogItem(product_title=item["product_title"])

项目文件结构：

Answer 1

经过进一步的修补和研究，我发现我的设置文件没有正确配置（但是，这只是问题的一部分）。我将这些行添加到基于其他资源的代码中（它们将 Django 项目设置与刮板设置链接）：

import sys

import django

sys.path.append(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))), ".."))
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'broccoli.settings'
django.setup()

在那之后，蜘蛛没有运行，但这次它至少给出了一条关于找不到 Django 设置模块的错误消息。我不记得确切的语法，但它是这样的："broccoli.settings MODULE NOT FOUND"

经过一些实验，我发现将刮板目录“刮板”从应用程序“Product_Scraper”中移动到与其他应用程序相同的级别有助于解决此问题并且一切正常。