使用 netcat 的最小 Web 服务器答案

【问题标题】：Minimal web server using netcat使用 netcat 的最小 Web 服务器
【发布时间】：2013-05-19 22:17:28
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试使用 netcat (nc) 设置一个最小的 Web 服务器。例如，当浏览器调用 localhost:1500 时，它应该显示一个函数的结果（以下示例中的 date，但最终它将是一个产生一些数据的 python 或 c 程序） . 我的小 netcat 网络服务器需要在 bash 中是一个 while true 循环，可能就这么简单：

while true ; do  echo -e "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n\n $(date)" | nc -l -p 1500  ; done

当我尝试这个时，浏览器会在 nc 启动时显示当前可用的数据。不过，我希望浏览器在浏览器请求数据的那一刻显示数据。我怎样才能做到这一点？

【问题讨论】：

感谢大家的建议，这些建议使我进行了更多的谷歌搜索。碰巧我在link 遇到了一个完全不同的解决方案。我不能使用 python 或 C，但我已经在所有目标平台上对其进行了测试。 netcat 的问题在于周围有很多不同的版本。其中一些不允许 -e、-c 或 -q 选项。

标签： bash webserver netcat

【解决方案1】：

试试这个：

while true ; do nc -l -p 1500 -c 'echo -e "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n\n $(date)"'; done

-c使 netcat 在 shell 中执行给定的命令，所以你可以使用 echo。如果不需要回显，请使用-e。有关这方面的更多信息，请尝试man nc。请注意，当使用echo 时，您的程序（date-replacement）无法获取浏览器请求。所以你可能最终想要做这样的事情：

while true ; do nc -l -p 1500 -e /path/to/yourprogram ; done

yourprogram 必须执行协议方面的工作，例如处理 GET、发送 HTTP 200 等。

【讨论】：

OpenBSD netcat 工作方式不同，你可以做类似while true; do echo -e "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n\n $(date)" | nc -l localhost 1500; done
来自man for nc，-p 描述：It is an error to use this option in conjunction with the -l option
-l -p 组合来自问题，似乎适用于问题的作者。所以我没有质疑它，而是使用了它。
虽然我看到的 nc 手册页也说使用 -p 选项和 -l 一个是错误的，但官方 netcat 网站在其示例中使用了这两个选项。见：nc110.sourceforge.net
nc 至少有 3 种主要“风格”：Hobbit（原版）、BSD / Mac OS X 和 GNU（其中最古老的，以及不再维护）。还有 Nmap 的Ncat。我提出这个问题是因为我认为值得注意的是 -l 和 -p 标志一起仅被视为 nc 的 BSD 风格 中的错误，因此@matlehmann 给出了替代语法跨度>

【解决方案2】：

我遇到了想要返回执行 bash 命令的结果的问题：

$ while true; do { echo -e 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n'; sh test; } | nc -l 8080; done

注意：
此命令来自：http://www.razvantudorica.com/08/web-server-in-one-line-of-bash

这会执行一个 bash 脚本并将结果返回给连接到在端口 8080 上运行此命令的服务器的浏览器客户端。

我的脚本是这样做的：

$ nano test

#!/bin/bash

echo "************PRINT SOME TEXT***************\n"
echo "Hello World!!!"
echo "\n"

echo "Resources:"
vmstat -S M
echo "\n"

echo "Addresses:"
echo "$(ifconfig)"
echo "\n"


echo "$(gpio readall)"

我的网络浏览器正在显示

************PRINT SOME TEXT***************

Hello World!!!


Resources:
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ----cpu----
 r  b   swpd   free   buff  cache   si   so    bi    bo   in   cs us sy id wa
 0  0      0    314     18     78    0    0     2     1  306   31  0  0 100  0


Addresses:
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr b8:27:eb:86:e8:c5  
          inet addr:192.168.1.83  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:27734 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:26393 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:1924720 (1.8 MiB)  TX bytes:3841998 (3.6 MiB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)


GPIOs:
+----------+-Rev2-+------+--------+------+-------+
| wiringPi | GPIO | Phys | Name   | Mode | Value |
+----------+------+------+--------+------+-------+
|      0   |  17  |  11  | GPIO 0 | IN   | Low   |
|      1   |  18  |  12  | GPIO 1 | IN   | Low   |
|      2   |  27  |  13  | GPIO 2 | IN   | Low   |
|      3   |  22  |  15  | GPIO 3 | IN   | Low   |
|      4   |  23  |  16  | GPIO 4 | IN   | Low   |
|      5   |  24  |  18  | GPIO 5 | IN   | Low   |
|      6   |  25  |  22  | GPIO 6 | IN   | Low   |
|      7   |   4  |   7  | GPIO 7 | IN   | Low   |
|      8   |   2  |   3  | SDA    | IN   | High  |
|      9   |   3  |   5  | SCL    | IN   | High  |
|     10   |   8  |  24  | CE0    | IN   | Low   |
|     11   |   7  |  26  | CE1    | IN   | Low   |
|     12   |  10  |  19  | MOSI   | IN   | Low   |
|     13   |   9  |  21  | MISO   | IN   | Low   |
|     14   |  11  |  23  | SCLK   | IN   | Low   |
|     15   |  14  |   8  | TxD    | ALT0 | High  |
|     16   |  15  |  10  | RxD    | ALT0 | High  |
|     17   |  28  |   3  | GPIO 8 | ALT2 | Low   |
|     18   |  29  |   4  | GPIO 9 | ALT2 | Low   |
|     19   |  30  |   5  | GPIO10 | ALT2 | Low   |
|     20   |  31  |   6  | GPIO11 | ALT2 | Low   |
+----------+------+------+--------+------+-------+

【讨论】：

最好使用 http 1.0，因为 http 1.1 只是添加连接：keep-alive 在这种情况下很糟糕。
@ShimonDoodkin 那毫无意义，因为 netcat 不理解 HTTP。您可以通过传递-k 标志在netcat 中激活keep-alive，而不是通过将Connection: keep-alive 添加到请求标头。
也适用于 Mac 上奇怪的 nc 版本 :)

【解决方案3】：

将-q 1 添加到netcat 命令行：

while true; do 
  echo -e "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n\n $(date)" | nc -l -p 1500 -q 1
done

【讨论】：

-q 1 在CentOS 6.x 中不起作用应该用于CentOS 6.x 的地方它说：nc: invalid option -- 'q'。 while true; do tail -f /usr/local/freeswitch/log/freeswitch.log | nc -l 9999; done &
@YumYumYum 我在 OS X 上，没有 freeswitch。 /usr/local/freeswitch/log/freeswitch.log的内容是什么？
添加 -q 1 在 Ubuntu 18.04 上为我工作。希望对您有所帮助。

【解决方案4】：

您面临的问题是 nc 不知道 Web 客户端何时完成其请求，因此它可以响应请求。
网络会话应该是这样的。

TCP session is established.
Browser Request Header: GET / HTTP/1.1
Browser Request Header: Host: www.google.com
Browser Request Header: \n #Note: Browser is telling Webserver that the request header is complete.
Server Response Header: HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server Response Header: Content-Type: text/html
Server Response Header: Content-Length: 24
Server Response Header: \n #Note: Webserver is telling browser that response header is complete 
Server Message Body: <html>sample html</html>
Server Message Body: \n #Note: Webserver is telling the browser that the requested resource is finished. 
The server closes the TCP session.

以“\n”开头的行只是没有空格的空行，并且只包含一个换行符。

我的 bash httpd 由 xinetd xinetd tutorial 启动。它还将日期、时间、浏览器 IP 地址和整个浏览器请求记录到日志文件中，并计算服务器标头响应的 Content-Length。

user@machine:/usr/local/bin# cat ./bash_httpd
#!/bin/bash
x=0;
Log=$( echo -n "["$(date "+%F %T %Z")"] $REMOTE_HOST ")$(
        while read I[$x] && [ ${#I[$x]} -gt 1 ];do
              echo -n '"'${I[$x]} | sed -e's,.$,",'; let "x = $x + 1";
        done ;
); echo $Log >> /var/log/bash_httpd

Message_Body=$(echo -en '<html>Sample html</html>')
echo -en "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\nContent-Type: text/html\nContent-Length: ${#Message_Body}\n\n$Message_Body"

要添加更多功能，您可以合并。

            METHOD=$(echo ${I[0]} |cut -d" " -f1)
            REQUEST=$(echo ${I[0]} |cut -d" " -f2)
            HTTP_VERSION=$(echo ${I[0]} |cut -d" " -f3)
            If METHOD = "GET" ]; then 
                case "$REQUEST" in

                    "/") Message_Body="HTML formatted home page stuff"
                        ;;
                    /who) Message_Body="HTML formatted results of who"
                        ;;
                    /ps) Message_Body="HTML formatted results of ps"
                        ;;
                    *) Message_Body= "Error Page not found header and content"
                       ;;
                esac

            fi

祝你好运！

【讨论】：

【解决方案5】：

另一种方法

while true; do (echo -e 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n'; echo -e "\n\tMy website has date function" ; echo -e "\t$(date)\n") | nc -lp 8080; done

让我们使用 curl 使用 2 个 HTTP 请求对其进行测试

在本例中，172.16.2.6 是服务器 IP 地址。

服务器端

admin@server:~$ while true; do (echo -e 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n'; echo -e "\n\tMy website has date function" ; echo -e "\t$(date)\n") | nc -lp 8080; done

GET / HTTP/1.1 Host: 172.16.2.6:8080 User-Agent: curl/7.48.0 Accept:
*/*

GET / HTTP/1.1 Host: 172.16.2.6:8080 User-Agent: curl/7.48.0 Accept:
*/*

客户端

user@client:~$ curl 172.16.2.6:8080

        My website has date function
        Tue Jun 13 18:00:19 UTC 2017

user@client:~$ curl 172.16.2.6:8080

        My website has date function
        Tue Jun 13 18:00:24 UTC 2017

user@client:~$

如果要执行其他命令，请随意替换 $(date)。

【讨论】：

【解决方案6】：

我有同样的需求/问题，但这里没有什么对我有用（或者我不明白所有内容），所以这是我的解决方案。

我发布了我的 minimum_http_server.sh（使用我的 /bin/bash (4.3.11) 但不是 /bin/sh 因为重定向）：

rm -f out
mkfifo out
trap "rm -f out" EXIT
while true
do
  cat out | nc -l 1500 > >( # parse the netcat output, to build the answer redirected to the pipe "out".
    export REQUEST=
    while read -r line
    do
      line=$(echo "$line" | tr -d '\r\n')

      if echo "$line" | grep -qE '^GET /' # if line starts with "GET /"
      then
        REQUEST=$(echo "$line" | cut -d ' ' -f2) # extract the request
      elif [ -z "$line" ] # empty line / end of request
      then
        # call a script here
        # Note: REQUEST is exported, so the script can parse it (to answer 200/403/404 status code + content)
        ./a_script.sh > out
      fi
    done
  )
done

还有我的 a_script.sh（根据您的需要）：

#!/bin/bash

echo -e "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r"
echo "Content-type: text/html"
echo

date

【讨论】：

运行 minimum_http_server.sh 后，当我们在 1 秒内多次查询 url 时，它显示页面未找到。但是当我们为每个请求提供 1 秒的间隔时，它工作正常。还注意到，当我们保持此服务运行并从另一个 shell 脚本发出 curl 请求时，该服务会关闭或崩溃。知道可能出了什么问题
@satishjohn 从我目前的技能（比当时更好）来看，我刚刚纠正了两个主要缺陷（read 和 tr）和一个小缺陷（[ 跟随 elif）。我不会重现你的问题。我不明白为什么 minimum_http_server.sh 会导致这些 1 秒的间隔。设置REQUEST环境变量后，您可以通过多次运行（以与您的curl请求相同的速率）./a_script.sh来确定是minimal_http_server.sh还是您的“a_script.sh”出现故障。

【解决方案7】：

mkfifo pipe;
while true ; 
do 
   #use read line from pipe to make it blocks before request comes in,
   #this is the key.
   { read line<pipe;echo -e "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n";echo $(date);
   }  | nc -l -q 0 -p 8080 > pipe;  

done

【讨论】：

它是如何工作的？ read line<pipe 会等到nc 写入pipe？但是在这一点上，我认为请求在响应写入之前就完成了..？
mkfifo 创建一个阻塞管道，这意味着在 nc 读取请求之前不会执行 echo 命令。

【解决方案8】：

这是a little bash webserver 的一个美丽之处，我在网上找到了它并复制了一份并稍微修饰了一下——它使用socat 或netcat 我已经用socat 对其进行了测试——它是自我包含在一个脚本中并生成自己的配置文件和网站图标。

默认情况下，它将作为启用 Web 的文件浏览器启动，但可以通过配置文件轻松配置任何逻辑。对于文件，它可以流式传输图像和音乐（mp3）、视频（mp4、avi 等）——我已经测试了将各种文件类型流式传输到 Linux、Windows 和 Android 设备，包括智能手表！

我认为它实际上比 VLC 更好。我发现它对于将文件传输到无法通过 Web 浏览器访问的远程客户端非常有用，例如Android 智能手表，无需担心物理连接到 USB 端口。

如果您想尝试一下，只需将其复制并粘贴到名为 bashttpd 的文件中，然后在主机上使用$> bashttpd -s 启动它

然后您可以转到任何其他计算机（假设防火墙没有阻止到端口 8080 的入站 tcp 连接——默认端口，您可以使用脚本顶部的全局变量将端口更改为您想要的任何端口） . http://bashttpd_server_ip:8080

#!/usr/bin/env bash

#############################################################################
###########################################################################
###                          bashttpd v 1.12
###
### Original author: Avleen Vig,       2012
### Reworked by:     Josh Cartwright,  2012
### Modified by:     A.M.Danischewski, 2015 
### Issues: If you find any issues leave me a comment at 
### http://scriptsandoneliners.blogspot.com/2015/04/bashttpd-self-contained-bash-webserver.html 
### 
### This is a simple Bash based webserver. By default it will browse files and allows for 
### retrieving binary files. 
### 
### It has been tested successfully to view and stream files including images, mp3s, 
### mp4s and downloading files of any type including binary and compressed files via  
### any web browser. 
### 
### Successfully tested on various browsers on Windows, Linux and Android devices (including the 
### Android Smartwatch ZGPAX S8).  
### 
### It handles favicon requests by hardcoded favicon image -- by default a marathon 
### runner; change it to whatever you want! By base64 encoding your favorit favicon 
### and changing the global variable below this header.  
### 
### Make sure if you have a firewall it allows connections to the port you plan to 
### listen on (8080 by default).  
### 
### By default this program will allow for the browsing of files from the 
### computer where it is run.  
###  
### Make sure you are allowed connections to the port you plan to listen on 
### (8080 by default). Then just drop it on a host machine (that has bash) 
### and start it up like this:
###      
### $192.168.1.101> bashttpd -s
###      
### On the remote machine you should be able to browse and download files from the host 
### server via any web browser by visiting:
###      
### http://192.168.1.101:8080 
###  
#### This program requires (to work to full capacity) by default: 
### socat or netcat (w/ '-e' option - on Ubuntu netcat-traditional)
### tree - useful for pretty directory listings 
### If you are using socat, you can type: bashttpd -s  
### 
### to start listening on the LISTEN_PORT (default is 8080), you can change 
### the port below.  
###  E.g.    nc -lp 8080 -e ./bashttpd ## <-- If your nc has the -e option.   
###  E.g.    nc.traditional -lp 8080 -e ./bashttpd 
###  E.g.    bashttpd -s  -or- socat TCP4-LISTEN:8080,fork EXEC:bashttpd
### 
### Copyright (C) 2012, Avleen Vig <avleen@gmail.com>
### 
### Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
### this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
### the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
### use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
### the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
### subject to the following conditions:
### 
### The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
### copies or substantial portions of the Software.
### 
### THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
### IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
### FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR
### COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
### IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
### CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
### 
###########################################################################
#############################################################################

  ### CHANGE THIS TO WHERE YOU WANT THE CONFIGURATION FILE TO RESIDE 
declare -r BASHTTPD_CONF="/tmp/bashttpd.conf"

  ### CHANGE THIS IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO LISTEN ON A DIFFERENT PORT 
declare -i LISTEN_PORT=8080  

 ## If you are on AIX, IRIX, Solaris, or a hardened system redirecting 
 ## to /dev/random will probably break, you can change it to /dev/null.  
declare -a DUMP_DEV="/dev/random" 

 ## Just base64 encode your favorite favicon and change this to whatever you want.    
declare -r FAVICON="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" 

declare -i DEBUG=1 
declare -i VERBOSE=0
declare -a REQUEST_HEADERS
declare    REQUEST_URI="" 
declare -a HTTP_RESPONSE=(
   [200]="OK"
   [400]="Bad Request"
   [403]="Forbidden"
   [404]="Not Found"
   [405]="Method Not Allowed"
   [500]="Internal Server Error")
declare DATE=$(date +"%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %Z")
declare -a RESPONSE_HEADERS=(
      "Date: $DATE"
   "Expires: $DATE"
    "Server: Slash Bin Slash Bash"
)

function warn() { ((${VERBOSE})) && echo "WARNING: $@" >&2; }

function chk_conf_file() { 
[ -r "${BASHTTPD_CONF}" ] || {
   cat >"${BASHTTPD_CONF}" <<'EOF'
#
# bashttpd.conf - configuration for bashttpd
#
# The behavior of bashttpd is dictated by the evaluation
# of rules specified in this configuration file.  Each rule
# is evaluated until one is matched.  If no rule is matched,
# bashttpd will serve a 500 Internal Server Error.
#
# The format of the rules are:
#    on_uri_match REGEX command [args]
#    unconditionally command [args]
#
# on_uri_match:
#   On an incoming request, the URI is checked against the specified
#   (bash-supported extended) regular expression, and if encounters a match the
#   specified command is executed with the specified arguments.
#
#   For additional flexibility, on_uri_match will also pass the results of the
#   regular expression match, ${BASH_REMATCH[@]} as additional arguments to the
#   command.
#
# unconditionally:
#   Always serve via the specified command.  Useful for catchall rules.
#
# The following commands are available for use:
#
#   serve_file FILE
#     Statically serves a single file.
#
#   serve_dir_with_tree DIRECTORY
#     Statically serves the specified directory using 'tree'.  It must be
#     installed and in the PATH.
#
#   serve_dir_with_ls DIRECTORY
#     Statically serves the specified directory using 'ls -al'.
#
#   serve_dir  DIRECTORY
#     Statically serves a single directory listing.  Will use 'tree' if it is
#     installed and in the PATH, otherwise, 'ls -al'
#
#   serve_dir_or_file_from DIRECTORY
#     Serves either a directory listing (using serve_dir) or a file (using
#     serve_file).  Constructs local path by appending the specified root
#     directory, and the URI portion of the client request.
#
#   serve_static_string STRING
#     Serves the specified static string with Content-Type text/plain.
#
# Examples of rules:
#
# on_uri_match '^/issue$' serve_file "/etc/issue"
#
#   When a client's requested URI matches the string '/issue', serve them the
#   contents of /etc/issue
#
# on_uri_match 'root' serve_dir /
#
#   When a client's requested URI has the word 'root' in it, serve up
#   a directory listing of /
#
# DOCROOT=/var/www/html
# on_uri_match '/(.*)' serve_dir_or_file_from "$DOCROOT"
#   When any URI request is made, attempt to serve a directory listing
#   or file content based on the request URI, by mapping URI's to local
#   paths relative to the specified "$DOCROOT"
#
#unconditionally serve_static_string 'Hello, world!  You can configure bashttpd by modifying bashttpd.conf.'
DOCROOT=/
on_uri_match '/(.*)' serve_dir_or_file_from 
# More about commands:
#
# It is possible to somewhat easily write your own commands.  An example
# may help.  The following example will serve "Hello, $x!" whenever
# a client sends a request with the URI /say_hello_to/$x:
#
# serve_hello() {
#    add_response_header "Content-Type" "text/plain"
#    send_response_ok_exit <<< "Hello, $2!"
# }
# on_uri_match '^/say_hello_to/(.*)$' serve_hello
#
# Like mentioned before, the contents of ${BASH_REMATCH[@]} are passed
# to your command, so its possible to use regular expression groups
# to pull out info.
#
# With this example, when the requested URI is /say_hello_to/Josh, serve_hello
# is invoked with the arguments '/say_hello_to/Josh' 'Josh',
# (${BASH_REMATCH[0]} is always the full match)
EOF
   warn "Created bashttpd.conf using defaults.  Please review and configure bashttpd.conf before running bashttpd again."
#  exit 1
} 
}

function recv() { ((${VERBOSE})) && echo "< $@" >&2; }

function send() { ((${VERBOSE})) && echo "> $@" >&2; echo "$*"; }

function add_response_header() { RESPONSE_HEADERS+=("$1: $2"); }

function send_response_binary() {
  local code="$1"
  local file="${2}" 
  local transfer_stats="" 
  local tmp_stat_file="/tmp/_send_response_$$_"
  send "HTTP/1.0 $1 ${HTTP_RESPONSE[$1]}"
  for i in "${RESPONSE_HEADERS[@]}"; do
     send "$i"
  done
  send
 if ((${VERBOSE})); then 
   ## Use dd since it handles null bytes
  dd 2>"${tmp_stat_file}" < "${file}" 
  transfer_stats=$(<"${tmp_stat_file}") 
  echo -en ">> Transferred: ${file}\n>> $(awk '/copied/{print}' <<< "${transfer_stats}")\n" >&2  
  rm "${tmp_stat_file}"
 else 
   ## Use dd since it handles null bytes
  dd 2>"${DUMP_DEV}" < "${file}"   
 fi 
}   

function send_response() {
  local code="$1"
  send "HTTP/1.0 $1 ${HTTP_RESPONSE[$1]}"
  for i in "${RESPONSE_HEADERS[@]}"; do
     send "$i"
  done
  send
  while IFS= read -r line; do
     send "${line}"
  done
}

function send_response_ok_exit() { send_response 200; exit 0; }

function send_response_ok_exit_binary() { send_response_binary 200  "${1}"; exit 0; }

function fail_with() { send_response "$1" <<< "$1 ${HTTP_RESPONSE[$1]}"; exit 1; }

function serve_file() {
  local file="$1"
  local CONTENT_TYPE=""
  case "${file}" in
    *\.css)
      CONTENT_TYPE="text/css"
      ;;
    *\.js)
      CONTENT_TYPE="text/javascript"
      ;;
    *)
      CONTENT_TYPE=$(file -b --mime-type "${file}")
      ;;
  esac
  add_response_header "Content-Type"  "${CONTENT_TYPE}"
  CONTENT_LENGTH=$(stat -c'%s' "${file}") 
  add_response_header "Content-Length" "${CONTENT_LENGTH}"
    ## Use binary safe transfer method since text doesn't break. 
  send_response_ok_exit_binary "${file}"
}

function serve_dir_with_tree() {
  local dir="$1" tree_vers tree_opts basehref x
    ## HTML 5 compatible way to avoid tree html from generating favicon
    ## requests in certain browsers, such as browsers in android smartwatches. =) 
  local no_favicon=" <link href=\"data:image/x-icon;base64,${FAVICON}\" rel=\"icon\" type=\"image/x-icon\" />"  
  local tree_page="" 
  local base_server_path="/${2%/}"
  [ "$base_server_path" = "/" ] && base_server_path=".." 
  local tree_opts="--du -h -a --dirsfirst" 
  add_response_header "Content-Type" "text/html"
   # The --du option was added in 1.6.0.   "/${2%/*}"
  read _ tree_vers x < <(tree --version)
  tree_page=$(tree -H "$base_server_path" -L 1 "${tree_opts}" -D "${dir}")
  tree_page=$(sed "5 i ${no_favicon}" <<< "${tree_page}")  
  [[ "${tree_vers}" == v1.6* ]] 
  send_response_ok_exit <<< "${tree_page}"  
}

function serve_dir_with_ls() {
  local dir="$1"
  add_response_header "Content-Type" "text/plain"
  send_response_ok_exit < \
     <(ls -la "${dir}")
}

function serve_dir() {
  local dir="$1"
   # If `tree` is installed, use that for pretty output.
  which tree &>"${DUMP_DEV}" && \
     serve_dir_with_tree "$@"
  serve_dir_with_ls "$@"
  fail_with 500
}

function urldecode() { [ "${1%/}" = "" ] && echo "/" ||  echo -e "$(sed 's/%\([[:xdigit:]]\{2\}\)/\\\x\1/g' <<< "${1%/}")"; } 

function serve_dir_or_file_from() {
  local URL_PATH="${1}/${3}"
  shift
  URL_PATH=$(urldecode "${URL_PATH}") 
  [[ $URL_PATH == *..* ]] && fail_with 400
   # Serve index file if exists in requested directory
  [[ -d "${URL_PATH}" && -f "${URL_PATH}/index.html" && -r "${URL_PATH}/index.html" ]] && \
     URL_PATH="${URL_PATH}/index.html"
  if [[ -f "${URL_PATH}" ]]; then
     [[ -r "${URL_PATH}" ]] && \
        serve_file "${URL_PATH}" "$@" || fail_with 403
  elif [[ -d "${URL_PATH}" ]]; then
     [[ -x "${URL_PATH}" ]] && \
        serve_dir  "${URL_PATH}" "$@" || fail_with 403
  fi
  fail_with 404
}

function serve_static_string() {
  add_response_header "Content-Type" "text/plain"
  send_response_ok_exit <<< "$1"
}

function on_uri_match() {
  local regex="$1"
  shift
  [[ "${REQUEST_URI}" =~ $regex ]] && \
     "$@" "${BASH_REMATCH[@]}"
}

function unconditionally() { "$@" "$REQUEST_URI"; }

function main() { 
  local recv="" 
  local line="" 
  local REQUEST_METHOD=""
  local REQUEST_HTTP_VERSION="" 
  chk_conf_file
  [[ ${UID} = 0 ]] && warn "It is not recommended to run bashttpd as root."
   # Request-Line HTTP RFC 2616 $5.1
  read -r line || fail_with 400
  line=${line%%$'\r'}
  recv "${line}"
  read -r REQUEST_METHOD REQUEST_URI REQUEST_HTTP_VERSION <<< "${line}"
  [ -n "${REQUEST_METHOD}" ] && [ -n "${REQUEST_URI}" ] && \
   [ -n "${REQUEST_HTTP_VERSION}" ] || fail_with 400
   # Only GET is supported at this time
  [ "${REQUEST_METHOD}" = "GET" ] || fail_with 405
  while IFS= read -r line; do
    line=${line%%$'\r'}
    recv "${line}"
      # If we've reached the end of the headers, break.
    [ -z "${line}" ] && break
    REQUEST_HEADERS+=("${line}")
  done
} 

if [[ ! -z "{$1}" ]] && [ "${1}" = "-s" ]; then 
 socat TCP4-LISTEN:${LISTEN_PORT},fork EXEC:"${0}" 
else 
 main 
 source "${BASHTTPD_CONF}" 
 fail_with 500
fi

【讨论】：

如何修改它以接受 POST 和 GET？
@Adam Dymitruk 您必须添加逻辑来处理 Post 请求（不是那么难），这里是最新源代码的链接，查看 main 函数，其中显示 [ "${REQUEST_METHOD}" = "GET" ] || fail_with 405 ：github.com/AdamDanischewski/bashttpd/blob/master/bashttpd

【解决方案9】：

LOL，一个超级蹩脚的黑客，但至少 curl 和 firefox 接受它：

while true ; do (dd if=/dev/zero count=10000;echo -e "HTTP/1.1\n\n $(date)") | nc -l  1500  ; done

你最好尽快用合适的东西替换它！

啊，是的，我的nc 和你的不完全一样，它不喜欢-p 选项。

【讨论】：

此答案适用于 OS X 10.10.1 上的 netcat。超级棒！

【解决方案10】：

如果您使用的是 Apline Linux，BusyBox netcat 会略有不同：

while true; do nc -l -p 8080 -e sh -c 'echo -e "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n\n$(date)"'; done

还有另一种使用printf的方式：

while true; do nc -l -p 8080 -e sh -c "printf 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n\n%s' \"$(date)\""; done

【讨论】：

echo -e 不可靠，尤其是sh。严格符合 POSIX 标准的 echo 会将 -e 视为写入标准输出的数据，而不是修改其行为的标志；改用printf 以获得可靠的结果：例如printf '%s\n' 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK' '' "$(date)"。

【解决方案11】：

while true; do (echo -e 'HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nConnection: close\r\n';) | timeout 1  nc -lp 8080 ; done

1 秒后关闭连接，因此 curl 不会挂起。

【讨论】：

我的 bash shell 在我尝试后挂了。 Ctrl+Z 没有终止进程。我不得不生成另一个 shell 实例并删除前一个。

【解决方案12】：

输入 nc -h 并查看您是否有 -e 选项可用。如果是，您可以创建一个脚本，例如：

script.sh

echo -e "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n\n $(date)"

然后像这样运行它：

while true ; do nc -l -p 1500 -e script.sh; done

请注意，-e 选项需要在编译时启用。

【讨论】：

【解决方案13】：

我认为列出的所有解决方案都不起作用的问题是http服务的本质所固有的，建立的每个请求都针对不同的客户端，并且响应需要在不同的上下文中处理，每个请求都必须fork 一个新的响应实例...

我认为目前的解决方案是netcat 的-e 但我不知道为什么不起作用...也许是我在openwrt 上测试的nc 版本...

socat 可以工作....

我试试这个https://github.com/avleen/bashttpd

它可以工作，但我必须使用这个命令运行 shell 脚本。

socat tcp-l:80,reuseaddr,fork EXEC:bashttpd &

github 上的 socat 和 netcat 示例不适用于我，但我使用的 socat 有效。

【讨论】：

用reuseaddr 标记你让我开心！谢谢你

【解决方案14】：

实际上，优雅地关闭连接的最佳方式是发送Content-Length 标头，如下所示。客户端（如curl收到数据后会关闭连接。

DATA="Date: $(date)"; 
LENGTH=$(echo $DATA | wc -c);
echo -e "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\nContent-Length: ${LENGTH}\n\n${DATA}" | nc -l -p 8000;

【讨论】：

echo $DATA | wc -c 的长度不一定与"$DATA" 相同：当您将其放在 echo 中的引号之外时，您会扩展通配符，将空格的运行更改为单个空格等。使用length=${#data} 代替（根据POSIX-specified convention 使用小写变量名；阅读该文档，记住环境变量和常规 shell 变量共享一个命名空间）。

【解决方案15】：

在 OSX 上你可以使用：

while true; do echo -e "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n\n $(date)" | nc -l  localhost 1500 ; done

【讨论】：