如何通过两个 AND 条件过滤一列？

Question

问题已解决。但是，如果您有“更好”或其他方式来做到这一点，请随时添加评论！感谢大家阅读！ :)

我正在尝试进行动态查询。除了一件事，一切都运行良好。我已经用 Google 搜索了好几天，但我不知道如何进行以下工作；

SELECT project.name, project.description, track.name, track.description
   , SDG.position, SDG.title, SDG.description
   , sprint_numbers.number, sprint_options.option
   , resources.name, resources.description
   , URLs.URL 
FROM project INNER JOIN track ON project.track_id = track.id 
INNER JOIN project_SDG ON project.id = project_SDG.project_id 
INNER JOIN SDG ON project_SDG.SDG_id = SDG.id
INNER JOIN sprint ON sprint.project_id = project.id 
INNER JOIN sprint_numbers ON sprint_numbers.id = sprint.sprint_number_id 
INNER JOIN sprint_options ON sprint_options.id = sprint.sprint_option_id 
INNER JOIN resources ON project.id = resources.project_id 
INNER JOIN URLs ON URLs.id = resources.id 
WHERE 1=1 
   AND MATCH (project.name) AGAINST (:name_project) 
   AND MATCH (project.description) AGAINST (:description_project) 
   AND SDG.id = :SDG_1 
   AND SDG.id = :SDG_2

查询执行但不返回任何内容。问题是 SDG.id 不能同时适用于 :SDG_1 和 :SDG_2。

使用 OR 运算符有效，但这并不能以我想要的方式返回。它必须“充当” AND 运算符。 （:SDG_1 & :SDG_2 是绑定到 SQL 语句参数的 PHP 变量的名称。）

查询应该过滤这两个值。给 :SDG_1 和 :SDG_2 的值必须都存在于 project_SDG 表的 SDG.id 列中。如果 :SDG_1 的值存在，但 :SDG_2 不存在，则查询不应返回任何内容。

我在 StackOverflow 上找到了这个，但它对我不起作用：SELECTING with multiple WHERE conditions on same column

希望有人能帮帮我。

编辑：最小的可重现示例

查询：

SELECT * FROM project
INNER JOIN project_SDG ON project.id = project_SDG.project_id 
INNER JOIN SDG ON project_SDG.SDG_id = SDG.id
WHERE SDG.id = 1 AND SDG.id = 7 AND SDG.id = 14 AND SDG.id = 17

项目表

+------------------+---------------------------+------------+
|     id  name     |        description        |  track_id  |
+------------------+---------------------------+------------+
| 1   project name | This is a description   2 |            |
+------------------+---------------------------+------------+

可持续发展目标表

+-----+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------+
| id  | position  |   title     |                 description                 |
+-----+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------+
|   1 |         1 | SDG 1 to 17 | There're multiple SDGs ranging from 1 to 17 |
|  17 |        17 | SDG 1 to 17 | There're multiple SDGs ranging from 1 to 17 |
+-----+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------+

project.SDG（桥接表）

+------------+--------+
| project.id | SDG.id |
+------------+--------+
|          1 |      1 |
|          1 |      2 |
|          1 |      3 |
+------------+--------+

Answer 1

您希望每个project.id 的值:SDG_1 和:SDG_2 都存在于SDG.id，所以在WHERE 子句中使用它：

WHERE 1=1 
    AND MATCH (project.name) AGAINST (:name_project) 
    AND MATCH (project.description) AGAINST (:description_project) 
    AND project.id IN (
        SELECT project_id
        FROM project_SDG
        WHERE SDG_id IN (:SDG_1, :SDG_2)
        GROUP BY project_id
        HAVING COUNT(DISTINCT SDG_id) = 2
    ) 

Answer 2

您能否为您的查询提供minimal reproducible example？
一般来说，一个字段不能同时等于两个不同的值。因此，您要么混淆了逻辑运算符，要么需要两个不同的字段。

我可以假设在您的情况下可能有多个具有不同值的相关记录。在这种情况下，您需要使用不同的别名将同一个表连接两次。假设为SDG1 和SDG2。之后就可以比较了

... `SDG1`.id = :SDG_1 AND `SDG2`.id = :SDG_2

更新：

获胜的诀窍是分组。您可以枚举所有必需的 SDG ID 并计算其中有多少在组中。以两个 ID 为例：

SELECT project.id
FROM project
JOIN project_SDG ON project_SDG.project_id = project.id
JOIN SDG ON SDG.id = project_SDG.SDG_id
WHERE SDG.id IN(1,2)
GROUP BY project.id
HAVING COUNT(*) = 2

在这里查看我的沙盒：https://www.db-fiddle.com/f/pixe3Zcs75Mq2PyCYPk913/0

如果您需要所有项目的字段，则必须将其放入子查询中

... WHERE id IN ( subquery here )

子查询示例：https://www.db-fiddle.com/f/pixe3Zcs75Mq2PyCYPk913/1

Answer 3

我已经在这里回答了，但是我有另一种方法。

1。查找与某个项目相关联的一堆 ID

要查找项目 ID，我们可以测试 没有任何连接的孤独数据透视表：

  SELECT project_id FROM project_SDG
  WHERE SDG_id IN(1,2,6)
  GROUP BY project_id HAVING COUNT(*) = 3

它为我们提供了项目 ID 列表

2。访问所有项目字段并添加额外条件

SELECT project.*
FROM project
JOIN (
  SELECT project_id FROM project_SDG
  WHERE SDG_id IN(1,2,6)
  GROUP BY project_id HAVING COUNT(*) = 3
) AS ids ON ids.project_id = project.id
WHERE
  MATCH(project.name) AGAINST ('project') AND
  MATCH(project.description) AGAINST ('sit')

你可以在这里玩：https://www.db-fiddle.com/f/pixe3Zcs75Mq2PyCYPk913/3

3。在 PHP 端准备查询

我会使用known technique来准备SQL语句。

$ids = [1, 2, 6]; // it can come from request parameters
$text1 = 'project';
$text2 = 'sit';
// build ?,?,?,... pattern
$qmarks = implode(',', array_fill(0, count($ids), '?'));
// Use SQL query above
$sth = $dbh->prepare("
SELECT project.*
FROM project
JOIN (
  SELECT project_id FROM project_SDG
  WHERE SDG_id IN({$qmarks})
  GROUP BY project_id HAVING COUNT(*) = ?
) AS ids ON ids.project_id = project.id
WHERE
  MATCH(project.name) AGAINST (?) AND
  MATCH(project.description) AGAINST (?)
");
$sth->execute(array_merge($ids, [count($ids), $text1, $text2]));
$records = $sth->fetchAll();