【问题标题】:how to use the global string value in tcl expression如何在 tcl 表达式中使用全局字符串值
【发布时间】:2012-06-24 09:36:18
【问题描述】:

我正在使用 Ns2 和 tcl 脚本。在下面的代码中,我想使用全局变量 rate12,它在表达式中的值为 2Mb

 if { $queuesize>16 } {
     set RL [expr $Rc * $fdec * $hf]
    set rate12 [expr $rate12 * $RL]
    puts $rate12
 }

从 proc 记录中找到。但它显示以下错误:

ns:记录_o104 file5:无效的裸词“Mb” 在表达式“4_@_Mb * 0.40000000000000002”中; 应该是 "$Mb" 或 "{Mb}" 或 "Mb(...)" 或 ... (解析表达式“4Mb * 0.40000000000000...”) 从内部调用 “expr $rate12 * $RL” (程序“记录”第 26 行) 从内部调用 “记录_o104文件5”

我该如何解决这个错误?

整个代码是:

#Create a simulator object

set ns [new Simulator]

 global rate02 
 global rate12 
 global rate23 
 global rate32 

#Define different colors for data flows (for NAM)
$ns color 1 Blue
$ns color 2 Red
$ns color 3 Green

#Open the NAM trace file
set nf [open out.nam w]
$ns namtrace-all $nf
# constants
global Rc 
global Fdec
global hf 

#Define a 'finish' procedure
proc finish {} {
    global ns nf
    $ns flush-trace
    #Close the NAM trace file
    close $nf
    #Execute NAM on the trace file
    exec nam out.nam &
    exit 0
}

#Create four nodes
set n0 [$ns node]
set n1 [$ns node]
set n2 [$ns node]
set n3 [$ns node]

set rate02 2Mb
set rate12 4Mb
set rate23 2Mb
set rate32 0.1Mb

#Create links between the nodes
$ns duplex-link $n0 $n2 $rate02 10ms RED
$ns duplex-link $n1 $n2 $rate12 10ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $n2 $n3 $rate23 20ms DropTail
$ns duplex-link $n3 $n2 $rate32 10ms DropTail

#Set Queue Size of link (n2-n3) to 10
$ns queue-limit $n2 $n3 16

#Give node position (for NAM)
$ns duplex-link-op $n0 $n2 orient right-down
$ns duplex-link-op $n1 $n2 orient right-up
$ns duplex-link-op $n2 $n3 orient right

#Monitor the queue for link (n2-n3). (for NAM)
$ns duplex-link-op $n2 $n3 queuePos 0.5

#creat file record infomation at queues

set queue03 [$ns monitor-queue $n2 $n3 [open qsize03.tr w] 0.05]
set qsize03 [open qsize03.tr w]


proc record {queue qsize} {
        global ns
        #set ns [Simulator instance]
        set time 0.1
        set now [$ns now]
        #print current qsize in $queuesize
        $queue instvar parrivals_ pdepartures_ bdros_ bdepartures_ pdrops_
        #set queuesize [expr $parrivals_ - $pdepartures_ - $pdrops_]
        set queuesize $parrivals_
        puts $queuesize
        puts $qsize "$now [expr $parrivals_ - $pdepartures_ - $pdrops_]"
        #puts "$now [expr $parrivals_ - $pdepartures_ - $pdrops_]"
        set $bdepartures_ 0

        set Rc 2
        set fdec 0.4
        set hf 0.5
        global rate12
        set n0 [$ns node]
        set n1 [$ns node]
        set n2 [$ns node]

        if { $queuesize>16 } {
        set RL [expr $Rc * $fdec * $hf]
        set rate12 [expr $rate12 * $RL]
        puts $rate12
        $ns duplex-link $n0 $n2 0.8Mb 10ms RED
        } elseif { $queuesize==20 } {
        puts "full"
        } else {
        puts "under"
        }

        $ns at [expr $now + $time] "record $queue $qsize"
}

#Setup a TCP connection
set tcp1 [new Agent/TCP]
$tcp1 set class_ 2
$ns attach-agent $n0 $tcp1
set sink [new Agent/TCPSink]
$ns attach-agent $n3 $sink
$ns connect $tcp1 $sink
$tcp1 set fid_ 1
#########################################
#Setup a TCP connection
set tcp3 [new Agent/TCP]
$tcp3 set class_ 2
$ns attach-agent $n3 $tcp3
set sink2 [new Agent/TCPSink]
$ns attach-agent $n1 $sink2
$ns connect $tcp3 $sink2
$tcp3 set fid_ 3

#Setup a FTP over TCP connection
set ftp3 [new Application/FTP]
$ftp3 attach-agent $tcp3
$ftp3 set type_ FTP
############################################
#Setup a FTP over TCP connection
set ftp1 [new Application/FTP]
$ftp1 attach-agent $tcp1
$ftp1 set type_ FTP

#Setup a TCP connection
set tcp2 [new Agent/TCP]
$tcp2 set class_ 2
$ns attach-agent $n1 $tcp2
set sink [new Agent/TCPSink]
$ns attach-agent $n3 $sink
$ns connect $tcp2 $sink
$tcp2 set fid_ 2

#Setup a FTP over TCP connection
set ftp2 [new Application/FTP]
$ftp2 attach-agent $tcp2
$ftp2 set type_ FTP

#Schedule events for the CBR and FTP agents
$ns at 0.1 "$ftp2 start"
$ns at 0.5 "record $queue03 $qsize03"
$ns at 1.0 "$ftp1 start"
$ns at 1.0 "$ftp3 start"
$ns at 4.0 "$ftp2 stop"
$ns at 4.5 "$ftp1 stop"
$ns at 4.5 "$ftp3 stop"

#Detach tcp and sink agents (not really necessary)
$ns at 4.5 "$ns detach-agent $n0 $tcp1 ; $ns detach-agent $n3 $sink"
$ns at 4.5 "$ns detach-agent $n1 $tcp2 ; $ns detach-agent $n3 $sink"

#Call the finish procedure after 5 seconds of simulation time
$ns at 5.0 "finish"
$ns run

【问题讨论】:

    标签: tcl


    【解决方案1】:

    Tcl 的 expr 命令不适用于附加了 Mb 等单位的值。

    所以它试图解释值$rate12,它是 4Mb,但这不是一个有效的数字文字,所以你得到了错误。再加上你不支持你的表达这一事实,例如你写:

    set rate12 [expr $rate12 * $RL]
    

    而不是

    set rate12 [expr {$rate12 * $RL}]
    

    你会得到对 expr 的双重评估,这会产生误导性的错误消息(并且可能会慢得多)。

    要解决这个问题,您需要对没有单位的值进行计算,或者编写一个包含单位的小程序来完成。

    【讨论】:

      【解决方案2】:

      关键字global 仅在proc 范围内有意义。要访问rate12,请在proc record 的开头添加以下行:

      global rate12
      

      这应该可以解决您的问题。

      更新

      我的错,我没有在 proc 中间看到 global 命令。问题是一开始你有:

      set rate12 4Mb 
      

      然后,在proc record

      set rate12 [expr $rate12 * $RL]
      

      根据 Tcl,4Mb 不是数字。我建议进行以下修复:

      set rate12 4
      

      或者,更具描述性:

      set rateInMb12 4
      

      【讨论】:

      • 他有一个,大约一半。
      • 假设您在示例代码顶部看到的错误修复应用于原始代码here
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