在 Sql-Server 中按月份名称排序

Question

我有一个名为会话的下表

SessionID   SessionName

100         August
101         September
102         October
103         November
104         December
105         January
106         May
107         June
108         July

我执行了以下查询，得到如下输出。

Select SessionID, SessionName 
From dbo.Session  

SessionID   SessionName
100         August
101         September
102         October
103         November
104         December
105         January
106         May
107         June
108         July

结果按会话 ID 排序。但我需要如下输出，

SessionID   SessionName 
106         May
107         June
108         July
100         August
101         September
102         October
103         November
104         December
105         January

如何在 sql-server 中实现这一点？感谢您的帮助

Answer 1

我会使用case 表达式，例如：

order by case SessionName when 'August' then 1
                          when 'September' then 2
                          ...
                          when 'Juty' then 12
         end

8 月有 1 个，因为“在应用程序逻辑中，会话以 8 月开始”，如果您想从 1 月开始并以 12 月结束，则很容易重新编号。

Answer 2

为了避免任何与文化相关的麻烦，您可以使用如下查询从 sys 语言中获取月份索引：

（我最终会从中创建一个 TVF 并传入 langid 作为参数）

SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) MyMonthIndex
        ,Mnth.value('.','varchar(100)') AS MyMonthName
FROM
(
    SELECT CAST('<x>' + REPLACE(months,',','</x><x>') + '</x>' AS XML) AS XmlData
    FROM sys.syslanguages
    WHERE langid=0
) AS DataSource
CROSS APPLY DataSource.XmlData.nodes('/x') AS The(Mnth)

结果

1   January
2   February
3   March
4   April
5   May
6   June
7   July
8   August
9   September
10  October
11  November
12  December

编辑：直接使用的 UDF（例如在 order by 中）

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.GetMonthIndexFromMonthName(@MonthName VARCHAR(100),@langId INT)
RETURNS INT
AS
BEGIN
    RETURN
    (
        SELECT MyMonthIndex
        FROM
        (
            SELECT CAST(ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) AS INT) MyMonthIndex
                  ,Mnth.value('.','varchar(100)') AS MyMonthName
            FROM
            (
                SELECT CAST('<x>' + REPLACE(months,',','</x><x>') + '</x>' AS XML) AS XmlData
                FROM sys.syslanguages
                WHERE langid=@langId
            ) AS DataSource
            CROSS APPLY DataSource.XmlData.nodes('/x') AS The(Mnth)
        ) AS tbl
        WHERE MyMonthName=@MonthName
    );
END
GO

SELECT dbo.GetMonthIndexFromMonthName('February',0)

Answer 3

我认为你可以这样做：

SELECT * FROM session 
ORDER BY MONTH(session.SessionName + ' 1 2014') 

部分：

MONTH(session.SessionName + ' 1 2014')

将返回 3 月 3 日，在这种情况下，您实际上不需要关心年份

Answer 4

尝试将CAST你的月份名称（SessionName）转换成DATETIME格式，就像这样

SELECT * FROM table
ORDER BY DATEPART(mm, CAST(SessionName + '1900' AS DATETIME)) asc

Answer 5

您可以将字符串月份转换为数字，并按月份形式按数字排序

SELECT SessionID, SessionName, DATEPART(MM, SessionName)
FROM dbo.Session
ORDER BY DATEPART(MM, SessionName)

否则，如果您有类似“DateCreation”列的内容，您可以执行类似的操作

SELECT SessionID, SessionName, MONTH(DateCreation)
FROM dbo.Session
ORDER BY MONTH(DateCreation)

Answer 6

试试这个 .. 我假设您希望当前日期的下个月是起点，所以我在脚本中使用“Month(GetDate()”，否则您可以硬编码为 4 以获得所需的结果

Declare @Session Table (SessionID INT, SessionName Varchar(20))
Insert Into @Session Values (100,'August'),(101,'September'),(102,'October'),(103,'November'),(104,'December')
,(105,'January'),(106,'May'),(107,'June'),(108,'July')


Select * From @Session
        ORDER BY CASE WHEN Month(CAST('01-' + SessionName + ' 2016' AS DateTime)) - Month(GetDate()) <= 0 
                    THEN 12 + Month(CAST('01-' + SessionName + ' 2016' AS DateTime)) - Month(GetDate())
                    ELSE Month(CAST('01-' + SessionName + ' 2016' AS DateTime)) - Month(GetDate())  END      

对于德语 .. 使用下面的脚本 .. 在此我使用 soundex 进行月份比较

SET LANGUAGE GERMAN; 
Declare @Session Table (SessionID INT, SessionName Varchar(20))
Insert Into @Session Values (100,'August'),(101,'September'),(102,'October'),(103,'November'),(104,'December')
,(105,'January'),(106,'May'),(107,'June'),(108,'July')


Select * From @Session S
        INNER JOIN 
        (SELECT Number + 1 as [MonthNumber],
                DateName(mm,DATEADD(mm,Number,0)) as [MonthName]
                FROM master..spt_values
                WHERE Type = 'P' and Number < 12
        )M ON SoundEx(M.MonthName)=SoundEx(S.SessionName)   

        ORDER BY CASE WHEN [MonthNumber] - Month(GetDate()) <= 0 
                    THEN 12 + [MonthNumber] - Month(GetDate())
                    ELSE [MonthNumber] - Month(GetDate())  END