基于“包含”的JsonPath表达式过滤？

Question

我有一个示例Json 响应如下
我知道如何使用 == 或 > 等比较操作来过滤它
例如我可以使用$.books[?(@.pages > 460)] 检索超过 460 页的书籍或
同样$.books[?(@.pages != 352)] 检索不是 352 页的书籍。
但是我如何过滤这个Json 以检索标题包含“Java”子字符串或在 2014 年出版的书籍（实际上也是子字符串）？
样本Json 是：

{  
  "books": [  
    {  
      "isbn": "9781593275846",  
      "title": "Eloquent JavaScript, Second Edition",  
      "subtitle": "A Modern Introduction to Programming",  
      "author": "Marijn Haverbeke",  
      "published": "2014-12-14T00:00:00.000Z",  
      "publisher": "No Starch Press",  
      "pages": 472,  
      "description": "JavaScript lies at the heart of almost every modern web application, from social apps to the newest browser-based games. Though simple for beginners to pick up and play with, JavaScript is a flexible, complex language that you can use to build full-scale applications.",  
      "website": "https://eloquentjavascript.net/"  
    },  
    {  
      "isbn": "9781449331818",  
      "title": "Learning JavaScript Design Patterns",  
      "subtitle": "A JavaScript and jQuery Developer's Guide",  
      "author": "Addy Osmani",  
      "published": "2012-07-01T00:00:00.000Z",  
      "publisher": "O'Reilly Media",  
      "pages": 254,  
      "description": "With Learning JavaScript Design Patterns, you'll learn how to write beautiful, structured, and maintainable JavaScript by applying classical and modern design patterns to the language. If you want to keep your code efficient, more manageable, and up-to-date with the latest best practices, this book is for you.",  
      "website": "https://www.addyosmani.com/resources/essentialjsdesignpatterns/book/"  
    },  
    {  
      "isbn": "9781449365035",  
      "title": "Speaking JavaScript",  
      "subtitle": "An In-Depth Guide for Programmers",  
      "author": "Axel Rauschmayer",  
      "published": "2014-02-01T00:00:00.000Z",  
      "publisher": "O'Reilly Media",  
      "pages": 460,  
      "description": "Like it or not, JavaScript is everywhere these days-from browser to server to mobile-and now you, too, need to learn the language or dive deeper than you have. This concise book guides you into and through JavaScript, written by a veteran programmer who once found himself in the same position.",  
      "website": "https://speakingjs.com/"  
    },  
    {  
      "isbn": "9781491950296",  
      "title": "Programming JavaScript Applications",  
      "subtitle": "Robust Web Architecture with Node, HTML5, and Modern JS Libraries",  
      "author": "Eric Elliott",  
      "published": "2014-07-01T00:00:00.000Z",  
      "publisher": "O'Reilly Media",  
      "pages": 254,  
      "description": "Take advantage of JavaScript's power to build robust web-scale or enterprise applications that are easy to extend and maintain. By applying the design patterns outlined in this practical book, experienced JavaScript developers will learn how to write flexible and resilient code that's easier-yes, easier-to work with as your code base grows.",  
      "website": "https://chimera.labs.oreilly.com/books/1234000000262/index.html"  
    },  
    {  
      "isbn": "9781593277574",  
      "title": "Understanding ECMAScript 6",  
      "subtitle": "The Definitive Guide for JavaScript Developers",  
      "author": "Nicholas C. Zakas",  
      "published": "2016-09-03T00:00:00.000Z",  
      "publisher": "No Starch Press",  
      "pages": 352,  
      "description": "ECMAScript 6 represents the biggest update to the core of JavaScript in the history of the language. In Understanding ECMAScript 6, expert developer Nicholas C. Zakas provides a complete guide to the object types, syntax, and other exciting changes that ECMAScript 6 brings to JavaScript.",  
      "website": "https://leanpub.com/understandinges6/read"  
    },  
    {  
      "isbn": "9781491904244",  
      "title": "You Don't Know JS",  
      "subtitle": "ES6 & Beyond",  
      "author": "Kyle Simpson",  
      "published": "2015-12-27T00:00:00.000Z",  
      "publisher": "O'Reilly Media",  
      "pages": 278,  
      "description": "No matter how much experience you have with JavaScript, odds are you don’t fully understand the language. As part of the 'You Don’t Know JS' series, this compact guide focuses on new features available in ECMAScript 6 (ES6), the latest version of the standard upon which JavaScript is built.",  
      "website": "https://github.com/getify/You-Dont-Know-JS/tree/master/es6%20&%20beyond"  
    },  
    {  
      "isbn": "9781449325862",  
      "title": "Git Pocket Guide",  
      "subtitle": "A Working Introduction",  
      "author": "Richard E. Silverman",  
      "published": "2013-08-02T00:00:00.000Z",  
      "publisher": "O'Reilly Media",  
      "pages": 234,  
      "description": "This pocket guide is the perfect on-the-job companion to Git, the distributed version control system. It provides a compact, readable introduction to Git for new users, as well as a reference to common commands and procedures for those of you with Git experience.",  
      "website": "https://chimera.labs.oreilly.com/books/1230000000561/index.html"  
    },  
    {  
      "isbn": "9781449337711",  
      "title": "Designing Evolvable Web APIs with ASP.NET",  
      "subtitle": "Harnessing the Power of the Web",  
      "author": "Glenn Block, et al.",  
      "published": "2014-04-07T00:00:00.000Z",  
      "publisher": "O'Reilly Media",  
      "pages": 538,  
      "description": "Design and build Web APIs for a broad range of clients—including browsers and mobile devices—that can adapt to change over time. This practical, hands-on guide takes you through the theory and tools you need to build evolvable HTTP services with Microsoft’s ASP.NET Web API framework. In the process, you’ll learn how design and implement a real-world Web API.",  
      "website": "https://chimera.labs.oreilly.com/books/1234000001708/index.html"  
    }  
  ]  
}

Answer 1

原始 JSON 路径不执行此操作，但根据您使用的实现，它可能受支持。

我们目前正在进行中writing a formal specification。未解决的问题之一是我们想要的breadth of expression support。随意添加评论。一旦规范定义和发布，我想大多数实现都会更新以遵守。

Answer 2

正如@gregsdennis 所说，到目前为止，这完全取决于实现。

在给定的 JSONPath 实现中，

1. 此功能不存在
2. 有一个contains()函数或类似的，
   例如在 Jawways 语法中：$..[?(@.title contains 'Java')]
3. 有一个允许子字符串匹配的正则表达式功能，
   例如 Jayway 的 Jsonpath 有一个 =~ 正则表达式过滤器：$..[?(@.title =~ /.*Java.*?/)]
4. 转移到过滤器中的脚本评估（JavaScript，在大多数其他宿主语言中不存在），
   例如在 Goessner 和任何 JS 实现中： $..[?(@.title && @.title.includes('Java'))]
   注意：includes() 是一个 ES6 函数，实际的 JSONPath 语法也有点特殊。

Christoph Burgmer 维护了一个很好的 JSONPath comparison 表。