基于特定字段值的 SQL 选择

Question

我有一张人员表和他们的地址表。一个人可以有多个地址，但每个地址都有一个生效日期。

我想将人员和地址与他们的最大生效日期相关联，但我仍然坚持下面附上的查询。我得到的只是整个表格中的最大生效日期。请注意，这是 RPG，因此日期会像数字一样存储，例如今天将是 20180831，格式为 YYYYMMDD (2018-08-31)。

 SELECT 
   PERSON.ID, PERSON.NAME, ADDRESS.ID, ADDRESS.ADD1
 , ADDRESS.ADD2, ADDRESS.CITY 
   FROM PERSON
   LEFT JOIN 
     (
      SELECT * 
        FROM ADDRESS
          WHERE EFF_DATE IN (SELECT MAX(EFF_DATE) FROM ADDRESS)
     ) AS A
   ON PERSON.ID = A.ID

我知道问题出在 WHERE 子句中，但我画的是空白。

Answer 1

Impaler 有一个很好的解决方案，但我会通过像这样删除子查询来改进它：

with d as (
  select person_id, max(eff_date) as max_date 
    from address 
    group by person_id
)
select p.*
  from person p
  left join d on p.id = d.person_id
  left join address a 
    on p.id = a.person_id and a.eff_date = d.max_date

Answer 2

您需要在表person 和表address 之间使用LEFT OUTER JOIN，并添加地址必须与最后一个eff_date 匹配。

您没有说数据库是什么，但考虑到您将其标记为 RPG，我认为是 DB2：

with d as (
  select person_id, max(eff_date) as max_date 
    from address 
    group by person_id
)
select p.*
  from person p
  left join address a on p.id = a.person_id
    and (a.person_id, a.eff_date) in (
      select person_id, max_date from d
    )

Answer 3

IRL 我会查看最近的地址。

create view recentaddress as 
    select a.* from address a 
      join ( 
       select address.id, max(eff_date) md from address
        group by address.id 
        ) as b 
        on a.id = b.id and a.eff_date= b.md    

然后你可以简单地查询人员和最近的地址

select * from person a left join recentaddress b on a.person_id = b.id

或者你可以构建一个多合一的。

select * from person a join (

        select a.* from address a 
          join ( 
           select address.id, max(eff_date) md from address
            group by address.id 
            ) as b 
            on a.id = b.id and a.eff_date= b.md    
) as address on a.person_id = address.id