Python（新手）从 API 调用解析 XML

Question

我在堆栈/文档上寻找了一些教程/其他问题，但仍然无法弄清楚。啊！！！

发出 API 请求和解析（想分配给变量，但这是这个问题的一个奖励），这就是我正在尝试的。为什么我不能列出项目的标题和链接？

#!/usr/bin/python

# Screen Scraper for Subs
import urllib
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET

show = 'heroes'
season = '4'
language = 'en'
limit = '1'

requestURL = 'http://api.allsubs.org/index.php?' \
           + 'search=' + show \
           + '+season+' + season \
           + '&language=' + language \
           + '&limit=' + limit

root = ET.parse(urllib.urlopen(requestURL)).getroot()
print root
print '\n'

items = root.findall('items')
for item in items: 
     item.find('title').text # should print: <![CDATA[Heroes Season 4 Subtitles]]>
     item.find('link').text # Should print: http://www.allsubs.org/subs-download/heroes+season+4/1223435/

XML 响应

        <AllSubsAPI> 
        <title>AllSubs API: Subtitles Search</title> 
        <link>http://www.allsubs.org</link> 
        <description><![CDATA[Subtitles Search for Heroes Season 4]]></description> 
        <language>en-us</language> 
        <results>1</results> 
        <found_results>24</found_results> 
<items> 
    <item> 
            <title><![CDATA[Heroes Season 4 Subtitles]]></title> 
            <link>http://www.allsubs.org/subs-download/heroes+season+4/1223435/</link> 
            <filename>heroes-season-4-english-heroes-season-4-en.zip</filename> 
            <files_in_archive>Heroes - 4x01-02 - Orientation.HDTV.FQM.en.srt|Heroes - 4x17 - The Art of Deception.HDTV.2HD.en.srt|Heroes - 4x07 - Strange Attractors.HDTV.LOL.en.srt|Heroes - 4x08 - Once Upon a Time in Texas.HDTV.2HD.en.srt|Heroes - 4x07 - Strange Attractors.720p HDTV.DIMENSION.en.srt|Heroes - 4x05 - Hysterical Blindness.720p HDTV.X264.en.srt|Heroes - 4x09 - Shadowboxing.HDTV.LOL.en.srt|Heroes - 4x16 - Pass Fail.HDTV.LOL.en.srt|Heroes - 4x04 - Acceptance.HDTV.en.srt|Heroes - 4x01-02 - Orientation.720p HDTV.DIMENSION.en.srt|Heroes - 4x06 - Tabula Rasa.HDTV.NoTV.en.srt|Heroes - 4x10 - Brother's Keeper.HDTV.FQM.en.srt|Heroes - 4x04 - Acceptance.HDTV.FQM.en.srt|Heroes - 4x14 - Let It Bleed.720p HDTV.DIMENSION.en.srt|Heroes - 4x06 - Tabula Rasa.720p HDTV.SiTV.en.srt|Heroes - 4x08 - Once Upon a Time in Texas.HDTV.NoTV.en.srt|Heroes - 4x12 - The Fifth Stage.HDTV.LOL.en.srt|Heroes - 4x19 - Brave New World.HDTV.LOL.en.srt|Heroes - 4x15 - Close to You.720p HDTV.DIMENSION.en.srt|Heroes - 4x03 - Ink.720p HDTV.DIMENSION.en.srt|Heroes - 4x11 - Thanksgiving.720p HDTV.DIMENSION.en.srt|Heroes - 4x13 - Upon This Rock.720p HDTV.DIMENSION.en.srt|Heroes - 4x13 - Upon This Rock.HDTV.LOL.en.srt|Heroes - 4x14 - Let It Bleed.HDTV.LOL.en.srt|Heroes - 4x15 - Close to You.HDTV.LOL.en.srt|Heroes - 4x12 - The Fifth Stage.720p HDTV.DIMENSION.en.srt|Heroes - 4x18 - The Wall.HDTV.LOL.en.srt|Heroes - 4x08 - Once Upon a Time in Texas.720p HDTV.CTU.en.srt|Heroes - 4x17 - The Art of Deception.HDTV.CTU.en.srt|Heroes - 4x09 - Shadowboxing.720p HDTV.DIMENSION.en.srt|Heroes - 4x10 - Brother's Keeper.720p HDTV.DIMENSION.en.srt|Heroes - 4x04 - Acceptance.720p HDTV.CTU.en.srt|Heroes - 4x11 - Thanksgiving.HDTV.FQM.en.srt|Heroes - 4x03 - Ink.HDTV.FQM.en.srt|Heroes - 4x05 - Hysterical Blindness.HDTV.XII.en.srt|</files_in_archive> 
            <languages>en</languages> 
            <added_on>2010-02-16</added_on> 
    </item> 

</items> 
</AllSubsAPI>

更新：

这成功了，感谢您的帮助并指出我的错字

items = root.findall('items/item')
for item in items: 
     print item.find('title').text
     print item.find('link').text

Answer 1

items = root.findall('items')

应该是

items = root.findall('items/item')

Answer 2

这对我有用。注意我使用 urllib2 来通过代理：

import urllib2
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET

show = 'heroes'
season = '4'
language = 'en'
limit = '1'

requestURL = 'http://api.allsubs.org/index.php?' \
           + 'search=' + show \
           + '+season+' + season \
           + '&language=' + language \
           + '&limit=' + limit

root = ET.parse(urllib2.urlopen(requestURL)).getroot()
print root
print '\n'

items = root.findall('items')[0].findall('item')
for item in items: 
     print item.find('title').text # should print: <![CDATA[Heroes Season 4 Subtitles]]>
     print item.find('link').text # Should print: http://www.allsubs.org/subs-download/heroes+season+4/1223435/

注意 findall('items') 找到“items”标签，你想要循环的（我认为）是其中的“item”标签，所以我们 findall() 那些。此外，您需要打印才能从 python 中获取任何内容。

另外，如果我使用 limit=2 执行此操作，我会得到：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "heros.py", line 18, in <module>
    root = ET.parse(urllib2.urlopen(requestURL)).getroot()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/xml/etree/ElementTree.py", line 862, in parse
    tree.parse(source, parser)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/xml/etree/ElementTree.py", line 586, in parse
    parser.feed(data)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/xml/etree/ElementTree.py", line 1245, in feed
    self._parser.Parse(data, 0)
xml.parsers.expat.ExpatError: not well-formed (invalid token): line 24, column 95

我不确定从这个 API 返回的 XML 格式是否正确 - 对于初学者来说，开头没有“xml”元素。我不会相信它...

Answer 3

您不是在迭代“item”元素，实际上是在迭代“items”元素。

我认为应该是：

items = root.findall('items')
childItems = items.findall('item')
for childItem in childItems: 
    childItem.find('title').text # should print: <![CDATA[Heroes Season 4 Subtitles]]>
    childItem.find('link').text # Should print: http://www.allsubs.org/subs-download/heroes+season+4/1223435