【发布时间】：2015-04-19 18:01:36
【问题描述】：
我是 powershell 脚本的新手，请帮助我在脚本中进行少量编辑。基本上我想安排一个脚本，它会自动备份 hyper v. windows 2012/2012 r2 上的所有服务器。我得到了一个代码，它基本上要求用户提供参数，然后它需要备份。我整理出来的是我们可以做两件事 1) 创建一个 .txt 文件，该文件将包含 hyper v 上的所有 vm 名称，但更新该文件时，每当我们添加新的 vm 时，都会很忙。所以我不会更喜欢这样做。 2）我们可以删除从用户那里获取输入的函数并在某处添加“get-vm”命令？但我无法做到这一点：/有人可以帮我这样做吗？下面是我要使用的代码。
#requires -version 3.0
#requires -module Hyper-V
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Export virtual machines
.DESCRIPTION
This utility will export virtual machines to a target destination. By default
it will create a folder using the format:
Weekly_Year_Month_Day_HourSecond
The script will delete the oldest folder once 4 subfolders have been created.
Use the -Monthly parameter to do the same thing but for folders that begin
with Monthly, i.e. Monthly_Year_Month_Day_HourSecond.
Because the export process can be time consuming, you can use the -AsJob parameter
which will be passed to Export-VM. You will then get PowerShell background jobs
which you can manage with the standard job cmdlets.
This script must be run as an administrator in an elevated session.
.PARAMETER VM
A comma separated list of virtual machines. You can also pipe Get-VM into
this command. This parameter has an alias of Name.
.PARAMETER Path
The path to the top level backup or export folder.
.PARAMETER Monthly
Run the script in Monthly mode
.PARAMETER AsJob
Export virtual machines using background jobs
.EXAMPLE
PS C:\> get-vm chi-dc01,chi-dc02 | c:\scripts\ScheduledExport.ps1 -path e:\export
Get the virtual machines, CHI-DC01 and CHI-DC02 and pipe them to the script which will
export them to the given folder.
.EXAMPLE
PS C:\> c:\scripts\ScheduledExport.ps1 "CHI-DC01","CHI-FP01" -path E:\Export -asjob
Export virtual machines CHI-DC01 and CHI-FP01 to a weekly folder under E:\Export.
.EXAMPLE
PS C:\> get-content c:\work\vms.txt | c:\scripts\ScheduledExport.ps1 -asjob -monthly
Read the text file, vms.txt, and pass each virtual machine name to the script. This will
use the Monthly backup folders. Exports will be done as jobs.
.LINK
Get-VM
Export-VM
#>
[cmdletbinding(SupportsShouldProcess=$True)]
Param(
[Parameter(Position=0,Mandatory=$True,
HelpMessage="Enter the virtual machine name or names",
ValueFromPipeline=$True,ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$True)]
[ValidateNotNullorEmpty()]
[Alias("name")]
[string[]]$VM,
[Parameter(Position=1)]
[ValidateNotNullorEmpty()]
[string]$Path = "C:\work\export",
[Parameter(Position=2)]
[switch]$Monthly,
[Parameter(Position=3)]
[switch]$AsJob
)
Begin {
#define some variables if we are doing weekly or monthly backups
if ($monthly) {
$type = "Monthly"
$retain = 2
}
else {
$type = "Weekly"
$retain = 4
}
Write-Verbose "Processing $type backups. Retaining last $retain."
#get backup directory list
Try {
Write-Verbose "Checking $path for subfolders"
#get only directories under the path that start with Weekly or Monthly
$subFolders = dir -Path $path\$type* -Directory -ErrorAction Stop
}
Catch {
Write-Warning "Failed to enumerate folders from $path"
#bail out of the script
return
}
#check if any backup folders
if ($subFolders) {
#if found, get count
Write-Verbose "Found $($subfolders.count) folder(s)"
#if more than the value of $retain, delete oldest one
if ($subFolders.count -ge $retain ) {
#get oldest folder based on its CreationTime property
$oldest = $subFolders | sort CreationTime | Select -first 1
Write-Verbose "Deleting oldest folder $($oldest.fullname)"
#delete it
$oldest | Remove-Item -Recurse -Force
}
} #if $subfolders
else {
#if none found, create first one
Write-Verbose "No matching folders found. Creating the first folder"
}
#create the folder
#get the current date
$now = Get-Date
#name format is Type_Year_Month_Day_HourMinute
$childPath = "{0}_{1}_{2:D2}_{3:D2}_{4:D2}{5:D2}" -f $type,$now.year,$now.month,$now.day,$now.hour,$now.minute
#create a variable that represents the new folder path
$new = Join-Path -Path $path -ChildPath $childPath
Try {
Write-Verbose "Creating $new"
#Create the new backup folder
$BackupFolder = New-Item -Path $new -ItemType directory -ErrorAction Stop
}
Catch {
Write-Warning "Failed to create folder $new. $($_.exception.message)"
#failed to create folder so bail out of the script
Return
}
} #end begin
Process {
#only process if a backup folder was created
if ($BackupFolder) {
#export VMs
#define a hashtable of parameters to splat to Export-VM
$exportParam = @{
Path = $new
Name=$Null
ErrorAction="Stop"
}
if ($asjob) {
Write-Verbose "Exporting as background job"
$exportParam.Add("AsJob",$True)
}
Write-Verbose "Exporting virtual machines"
<#
Go through each virtual machine name, and export it using Export-VM
#>
foreach ($name in $VM) {
$exportParam.Name=$name
#if the user did not include -WhatIf then the machine will be exported
#otherwise they will get a WhatIf message
if ($PSCmdlet.shouldProcess($name)) {
Try {
Export-VM @exportParam
}
Catch {
Write-Warning "Failed to export virtual machine(s). $($_.Exception.Message)"
}
} #whatif
} #close foreach
} #if backup folder exists
} #Process
End {
Write-Host "Export script finished." -ForegroundColor Green
}
【问题讨论】：
标签： powershell virtual-machine hyper-v windows2012