junit spring jms 监听器

Question

我想在下面对一个简单的 jms 监听器代码进行单元测试

@Component
public class NotificationReader {

    @JmsListener(destination = "myAppQ")
    public void receiveMessage(NotificationMessage notificationMessage) {
        System.out.println("Received <" + notificationMessage.getStaffNumber() + ">");
    }

}

在 junit 中，我使用 jmsTemplate 将消息泵入 Active MQ。

我想测试 jms 监听器是否被调用。

我看到很少有解决方案（使用计数器），例如 How to wait for @JMSListener annotated method to complete in JUnit，它实际上只是为了测试目的而更改了侦听器代码，而我不想这样做。

还有其他选择吗？

---

按照答案中的建议尝试配置。

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class TestNotificationReader {

    @Autowired
    JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;

    @Value("${outbound.endpoint}")
    private String destination;

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
    }

    @Test
    public void testPutToQ() {
        NotificationMessage notificationMessage = new NotificationMessage();
        notificationMessage.setStaffNumber("100");
        notificationMessage.setWorkflowType("TYPE");
        notificationMessage.setWorkflowId("100");
        notificationMessage.setWorkflowDescription("Test From Queue");
        jmsTemplate.convertAndSend(destination, notificationMessage);

        jmsTemplate.setReceiveTimeout(10000);

        try {
            TestConfig.latch.await(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

            NotificationMessage temp = (NotificationMessage) TestConfig.received;

            System.out.println(" temp.getStaffNumber() " + temp.getStaffNumber());
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Configuration
    public static class TestConfig {

        private static final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);

        private static Object received;

        @Bean
        public static BeanPostProcessor listenerWrapper() {
            return new BeanPostProcessor() {

                @Override
                public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
                    if (bean instanceof NotificationReader) {
                        MethodInterceptor interceptor = new MethodInterceptor() {

                            @Override
                            public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
                                Object result = invocation.proceed();
                                if (invocation.getMethod().getName().equals("receiveMessage")) {
                                    received = invocation.getArguments()[0];
                                    latch.countDown();
                                }
                                return result;
                            }

                        };
                        if (AopUtils.isAopProxy(bean)) {
                            ((Advised) bean).addAdvice(interceptor);
                            return bean;
                        } else {
                            ProxyFactory proxyFactory = new ProxyFactory(bean);
                            proxyFactory.addAdvice(interceptor);
                            return proxyFactory.getProxy();
                        }
                    } else {
                        return bean;
                    }
                }

                @Override
                public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
                    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                    return bean;
                }

            };
        }

    }

}

添加 testConfig 后，JMSTempate 自动装配失败

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1493) ~[spring-beans-4.3.13.RELEASE.jar:4.3.13.RELEASE]

Answer 1

将您的侦听器 bean 包装在代理中（用于测试用例）并使用锁存器并验证接收到的对象是否符合您的预期...

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = { So48033124Application.class, So48033124ApplicationTests.TestConfig.class })
public class So48033124ApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private JmsTemplate template;

    @Test
    public void test() throws Exception {
        Foo foo = new Foo("bar");
        this.template.convertAndSend("foo", foo);
        assertThat(TestConfig.latch.await(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)).isTrue();
        assertThat(TestConfig.received).isEqualTo(foo);
    }

    @Configuration
    public static class TestConfig {

        private static final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);

        private static Object received;

        @Bean
        public static BeanPostProcessor listenerWrapper() {
            return new BeanPostProcessor() {

                @Override
                public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
                    if (bean instanceof MyListener) {
                        MethodInterceptor interceptor = new MethodInterceptor() {

                            @Override
                            public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
                                Object result = invocation.proceed();
                                if (invocation.getMethod().getName().equals("listen")) {
                                    received = invocation.getArguments()[0];
                                    latch.countDown();
                                }
                                return result;
                            }

                        };
                        if (AopUtils.isAopProxy(bean)) {
                            ((Advised) bean).addAdvice(interceptor);
                            return bean;
                        }
                        else {
                            ProxyFactory proxyFactory = new ProxyFactory(bean);
                            proxyFactory.addAdvice(interceptor);
                            return proxyFactory.getProxy();
                        }
                    }
                    else {
                        return bean;
                    }
                }

            };
        }

    }

}

编辑

以上基于 Spring Framework 5 或更高版本，使用 Java 8 并为 BeanPostProcessor 方法提供默认实现。

如果您使用的是 Spring 的早期版本，您还需要

@Override
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
    return bean;
}

BPP 也应该是static。