使用 python 日志记录模块设置日志记录级别的两种不同方法之间的区别答案

【问题标题】：difference between 2 different ways to set logging level with python logging module使用 python 日志记录模块设置日志记录级别的两种不同方法之间的区别
【发布时间】：2020-03-11 04:27:39
【问题描述】：

以下两种设置日志级别的方法有什么区别，是否有特定的用例？

logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)

我问这个问题是因为我使用了一个而不是另一个，这导致了这个奇怪的重复日志输出：

(envCSSS) csss@csss-website:~/csss-site-in-dev/csss-site/src$ python3.7 manage.py getmail
2020-01-14 18:24:56 = INFO - [settings.py] BASE_DIR set to /home/csss
2020-01-14 18:24:56 = INFO - [settings.py] DEBUG set to True
2020-01-14 18:24:56 = INFO - [settings.py] ROOT_DIR set to /home/csss/csss-site-in-dev
2020-01-14 18:24:56 = INFO - [settings.py] STATIC_URL set to /STATIC_URL/
2020-01-14 18:24:56 = INFO - [settings.py] STATIC_ROOT set to /home/csss/static_root/
2020-01-14 18:24:56 = INFO - [settings.py] MEDIA_URL set to /MEDIA_URL/
2020-01-14 18:24:56 = INFO - [settings.py] MEDIA_ROOT set to /home/csss/media_root/
2020-01-14 18:24:56 = INFO - [settings.py] FILE_FORM_MASTER_DIR set to form_uploads/form_uploads/
2020-01-14 18:24:56 = INFO - [settings.py] FILE_FORM_UPLOAD_DIR set to form_uploads/form_uploads/temporary_files/
2020-01-14 18:24:56 = INFO - [settings.py] DJANGO_MAILBOX_ATTACHMENT_UPLOAD_TO set to mailbox_attachments/%Y/%m/%d/
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - INFO:django_mailbox.management.commands.getmail:Gathering messages for csss gmail
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:INFO:django_mailbox.management.commands.getmail:Gathering messages for csss gmail
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:INFO:django_mailbox.management.commands.getmail:Gathering messages for csss gmail
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:INFO:django_mailbox.management.commands.getmail:Gathering messages for csss gmail
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:INFO:django_mailbox.management.commands.getmail:Gathering messages for csss gmail
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:INFO:django_mailbox.management.commands.getmail:Gathering messages for csss gmail
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:INFO:django_mailbox.management.commands.getmail:Gathering messages for csss gmail
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:INFO:django_mailbox.management.commands.getmail:Gathering messages for csss gmail
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:INFO:django_mailbox.management.commands.getmail:Gathering messages for csss gmail
.....................
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):
2020-01-14 10:24:57 = WARNING - WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:WARNING:csss_site:Traceback (most recent call last):

setLevel 导致上述问题，我不得不将其换成 basicConfig 以更正日志记录问题。

【问题讨论】：

您应该在代码中显示您在哪里配置记录器以及在哪里使用它。

标签： python python-logging

【解决方案1】：

文档本身是不言自明的：

logger.setLevel

这里，logger 似乎是 Logger 的一个实例。通过使用setLevel，您正在设置此特定记录器的阈值级别。

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)

通过创建带有默认Formatter 的StreamHandler 并将其添加到根记录器来对日志系统进行基本配置。如果没有为根记录器定义处理程序，函数debug()、info()、warning()、error() 和critical() 将自动调用basicConfig()。

如果尚未定义根记录器，则调用basicConfig 将设置一个带有处理程序和格式化程序的记录器。如果在这里传递level，它将被设置为根记录器的级别。

您会注意到setLevel 在logger 实例上可用，而basicConfig 在logging 模块上可用。

【讨论】：