无法以 root 身份启动笔记本

Question

我正在尝试以 root 用户身份在 Jupyter 笔记本中运行 pyspark。我通过编辑 /root/.jupyter/jupyter_notebook_config.py 为笔记本启用了 root 访问权限。我还编辑了 bashrc 文件，如 https://blog.sicara.com/get-started-pyspark-jupyter-guide-tutorial-ae2fe84f594f 部分方法 1 — 配置 PySpark 驱动程序中所述。但是，在尝试以 root 身份运行 pyspark 时，我得到了

xdg-open：没有可用于打开“file:///root/.local/share/jupyter/runtime/nbserver-20051-open.html”的方法

# pyspark  
[I 17:12:15.544 NotebookApp] Serving notebooks from local directory: /home/applied  
[I 17:12:15.544 NotebookApp] The Jupyter Notebook is running at:  
[I 17:12:15.544 NotebookApp] http://localhost:8888/?token=c5408eb73daf9b0c7c3a92418b69e128d01b1c11a8ed8d75  
[I 17:12:15.544 NotebookApp] Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels (twice to skip confirmation).  
[C 17:12:15.553 NotebookApp]   

    To access the notebook, open this file in a browser:  
        file:///root/.local/share/jupyter/runtime/nbserver-20384-open.html  
    Or copy and paste one of these URLs:  
        http://localhost:8888/?token=c5408eb73daf9b0c7c3a92418b69e128d01b1c11a8ed8d75  
Running Firefox as root in a regular user's session is not supported.  ($XAUTHORITY is /home/applied/.Xauthority which is owned by applied.)  
Unescaped left brace in regex is deprecated, passed through in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%{ <-- HERE (.*?)}/ at /usr/bin/run-mailcap line 528.  
[20515:20515:0612/171215.882932:ERROR:zygote_host_impl_linux.cc(89)] Running as root without --no-sandbox is not supported. See https://crbug.com/638180.  
Warning: program returned non-zero exit code #1  
Opening "/root/.local/share/jupyter/runtime/nbserver-20384-open.html" with Firefox Web Browser  (text/html)  
Running Firefox as root in a regular user's session is not supported.  ($XAUTHORITY is /home/applied/.Xauthority which is owned by applied.)  
[20586:20586:0612/171216.094968:ERROR:zygote_host_impl_linux.cc(89)] Running as root without --no-sandbox is not supported. See https://crbug.com/638180.  
Running Firefox as root in a regular user's session is not supported.  ($XAUTHORITY is /home/applied/.Xauthority which is owned by applied.)  
/usr/bin/xdg-open: 778: /usr/bin/xdg-open: iceweasel: not found  
/usr/bin/xdg-open: 778: /usr/bin/xdg-open: seamonkey: not found  
/usr/bin/xdg-open: 778: /usr/bin/xdg-open: mozilla: not found  
/usr/bin/xdg-open: 778: /usr/bin/xdg-open: epiphany: not found  
/usr/bin/xdg-open: 778: /usr/bin/xdg-open: konqueror: not found  
/usr/bin/xdg-open: 778: /usr/bin/xdg-open: chromium-browser: not found  
[20614:20614:0612/171216.184980:ERROR:zygote_host_impl_linux.cc(89)] Running as root without --no-sandbox is not supported. See https://crbug.com/638180.  
/usr/bin/xdg-open: 778: /usr/bin/xdg-open: www-browser: not found  
/usr/bin/xdg-open: 778: /usr/bin/xdg-open: links2: not found  
/usr/bin/xdg-open: 778: /usr/bin/xdg-open: elinks: not found  
/usr/bin/xdg-open: 778: /usr/bin/xdg-open: links: not found  
/usr/bin/xdg-open: 778: /usr/bin/xdg-open: lynx: not found  
/usr/bin/xdg-open: 778: /usr/bin/xdg-open: w3m: not found  
xdg-open: no method available for opening 'file:///root/.local/share/jupyter/runtime/nbserver-20384-open.html'

Answer 1

我在升级系统后遇到了类似的问题。 该错误指定不应以 root 模式打开 Firefox，但如果不使用 sudo，则 jupyter notebook 会引发 permission denied 错误。我解决了这个问题——虽然我自己对这个解决方案不太满意——通过递归更改以下权限：

~/.local/share/jupyter/runtime/*

所以基本上，我更改了.local 的权限，然后是./local/share，依此类推，一直到运行时的内容。然后，当我在终端中运行jupyter notebook（注意，这里没有sudo）时，它起作用了。

不过，还有另一种解决方案。正如终端窗口所说，您可以手动将指定的 URL 复制并粘贴到首选浏览器中。但这每次都必须手动完成。

附：我的系统是一台运行 Ubuntu 18.04 的个人笔记本电脑。