将 mongoid gem 更新到 5.0.0 版和将 rails 更新到 4.0.0，它给出了问题“Bundler 找不到 gem “railties”的兼容版本

Question

在运行 Bundle install 时出现以下错误

Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem "railties":

在 Gemfile 中： devise (~> 3.2.4) 被解析为 3.2.4，这取决于 railties (= 3.2.6)

factory_girl_rails (~> 4.4.0) was resolved to 4.4.1, which depends on
  railties (>= 3.0.0)

jquery-payment-rails was resolved to 0.0.1, which depends on
  railties (~> 4.0.0)

jquery-rails (~> 3.0.0) was resolved to 3.0.4, which depends on
  railties (< 5.0, >= 3.0)

rails (~> 4.0.0) was resolved to 4.0.0, which depends on
  railties (= 4.0.0)

rspec-rails (~> 3.4.0) was resolved to 3.4.2, which depends on
  railties (< 4.3, >= 3.0)

sass-rails (~> 3.2.3) was resolved to 3.2.3, which depends on
  railties (~> 3.2.0.beta)

宝石文件：

ruby '2.2.2'
## Sinatra App Gems
gem 'sinatra',      '~> 1.4.4'
gem 'sass',         '~> 3.4.13'
gem 'sinatra-assetpack', '~> 0.3.1', :require => 'sinatra/assetpack'
gem 'sinatra-env',  '~> 0.0.2'

## Rails App Gems
gem 'rails',        '~> 4.0.0'
gem 'foreman',      '~> 0.78.0'
gem 'puma',         '~> 2.14.0'
gem 'simple_form',  '~> 2.1.3'
gem 'simple_enum',  '~> 1.6.0', :require => 'simple_enum/mongoid'
gem 'mongoid',      '~> 5.0.0'
gem 'devise',       '~> 3.4.1'
gem 'possessive',   '~> 1.0.1'
gem 'american_date', '~> 1.1.0'
gem 'sht_rails',    '~> 0.2.2'
gem 'version',      '~> 1.0.0'
gem 'rdiscount',    '~> 2.1.7'
gem 'ssl_enforcer', '~> 0.2.3'
#

gem 'sidekiq',        '~> 3.5.0'
gem 'slim',           '~> 3.0.2'


group :development do
  gem 'capistrano',             '~> 3.4.0'
  gem 'capistrano-rvm',         '~> 0.1.2'
  gem 'capistrano-rails',       '~> 1.1.3'
  gem 'capistrano-bundler',     '~> 1.1.4'
  gem 'capistrano-foreman',     github: 'koenpunt/capistrano-foreman'
  gem 'spring'
  gem 'spring-commands-rspec',  '~> 1.0.4'
end

group :assets do
  gem 'pusher_rails',             '~> 1.0.1'
  gem 'sass-rails',               '~> 3.2.3'
  gem 'coffee-rails',             '~> 3.2.1'
  gem 'jquery-rails',             '~> 3.0.0'
  gem 'bootstrap-sass',           '~> 2.3.0.0'
  gem 'font-awesome-sass-rails',  '~> 3.0.2.2'
  gem 'uglifier',                 '>= 1.0.3'
  gem 'modernizr-rails',          '~> 2.7.1'
  gem 'jquery-payment-rails',     '~> 0.0.1'
  gem 'jquery-validation-rails',  '~> 1.13.1'
end

group :development, :test do
  gem 'test-unit',            '~> 3.0'
  gem 'rspec-rails',          '~> 3.3.3'
  gem 'factory_girl_rails',   '~> 4.5.0'
  gem 'mongoid-rspec',        '~> 1.13.0'
  gem 'guard-rspec',          '~> 4.6.4'
  gem 'simplecov',            '~> 0.10.0', require: false
end

group :test do
  gem 'database_cleaner',     '~> 1.5.1'
  gem 'faker',                '~> 1.5.0'
end

我也删除了 gemfile.lock 文件，但仍然存在问题

Answer 1

好了，下面给大家分析一下railties版本要求的情况给你的错误：

1) railties (>= 3.0.0)
2) railties (~> 4.0.0) => (< 4.1, >= 4.0.0)
3) railties (< 5.0, >= 3.0)
4) railties (= 4.0.0)
5) railties (< 4.3, >= 3.0)
6) railties (~> 3.2.0.beta) => (< 3.2.1, >= 3.2.0.beta)

这里的所有版本依赖都可以共存，除了来自sass-rails gem 的6)。尝试更新到最新版本sass-rails，你会没事的（5.0.4 是最新版本），因为它使用railties (>= 4.0.0, < 5.0)。此外，4.0.0 之后的所有 sass-rails 版本也可以工作，因为那时 railties 依赖项发生了变化 - see this。

更新

我已经检查了您的 Gemfile，为了获得所需的 mongo 版本，您可以做的最小更改如下（更改已注释）：

ruby '2.2.2'
## Sinatra App Gems
gem 'sinatra',      '~> 1.4.4'
gem 'sass',         '~> 3.4.13'
gem 'sinatra-assetpack', '~> 0.3.1', :require => 'sinatra/assetpack'
gem 'sinatra-env',  '~> 0.0.2'

## Rails App Gems
gem 'rails',        '~> 4.0.0'
gem 'foreman',      '~> 0.78.0'
gem 'puma',         '~> 2.14.0'
gem 'simple_form',  '~> 3.0.0' # CHANGED
gem 'simple_enum',  '~> 1.6.0', :require => 'simple_enum/mongoid'
gem 'mongoid',      '~> 5.0.0'
gem 'devise',       '~> 3.4.1'
gem 'possessive',   '~> 1.0.1'
gem 'american_date', '~> 1.1.0'
gem 'sht_rails',    '~> 0.2.2'
gem 'version',      '~> 1.0.0'
gem 'rdiscount',    '~> 2.1.7'
gem 'ssl_enforcer', '~> 0.2.3'

gem 'sidekiq',        '~> 3.5.0'
gem 'slim',           '~> 3.0.2'

group :development do
  gem 'capistrano',             '~> 3.4.0'
  gem 'capistrano-rvm',         '~> 0.1.2'
  gem 'capistrano-rails',       '~> 1.1.3'
  gem 'capistrano-bundler',     '~> 1.1.4'
  gem 'capistrano-foreman',     github: 'koenpunt/capistrano-foreman'
  gem 'spring'
  gem 'spring-commands-rspec',  '~> 1.0.4'
end

group :assets do
  gem 'pusher_rails',             '~> 1.0.1'
  gem 'sass-rails',               '~> 4.0.1' # CHANGED
  gem 'coffee-rails',             '~> 4.0.0' # CHANGED
  gem 'jquery-rails',             '~> 3.0.0'
  gem 'bootstrap-sass',           '~> 2.3.0.0'
  gem 'font-awesome-sass-rails',  '~> 3.0.2.2'
  gem 'uglifier',                 '>= 1.0.3'
  gem 'modernizr-rails',          '~> 2.7.1'
  gem 'jquery-payment-rails',     :git =>  'https://github.com/thoughtbot/jquery-payment-rails.git', :ref => 'd401bf9' # CHANGED
  gem 'jquery-validation-rails',  '~> 1.13.1'
end

group :development, :test do
  gem 'test-unit',            '~> 3.0'
  gem 'rspec-rails',          '~> 3.4.0' # CHANGED
  gem 'factory_girl_rails',   '~> 4.5.0'
  gem 'mongoid-rspec',        '~> 3.0.0' # CHANGED
  gem 'guard-rspec',          '~> 4.6.4'
  gem 'simplecov',            '~> 0.10.0', require: false
end

group :test do
  gem 'database_cleaner',     '~> 1.5.1'
  gem 'faker',                '~> 1.5.0'
end

您可能应该在此更改后运行bundle update，但要小心，因为这会根据您的 Gemfile 更新所有 gem。