WebDriverException：消息：“msedgedriver.exe”可执行文件可能在 Google Collab 中有错误的权限

Question

我使用了 Google Collab 和浏览器 Edge，并用 selenuim 尝试了这段代码：

!wget  -O 'edgedriver_win64.zip' -q 
'https://msedgedriver.azureedge.net/96.0.1054.57/edgedriver_win64.zip'
!unzip '/content/edgedriver_win64.zip'

import selenium
from selenium import webdriver
wd = webdriver.Edge('/content/msedgedriver.exe')

我遇到了这个错误：

/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/ipykernel_launcher.py:3: DeprecationWarning: executable_path has been deprecated, please pass in a Service object
  This is separate from the ipykernel package so we can avoid doing imports until
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
PermissionError                           Traceback (most recent call last)
/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/common/service.py in start(self)
     75                                             stdin=PIPE,
---> 76                                             creationflags=self.creationflags)
     77         except TypeError:

5 frames
PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/content/msedgedriver.exe'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

WebDriverException                        Traceback (most recent call last)
/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/common/service.py in start(self)
     86                 raise WebDriverException(
     87                     "'%s' executable may have wrong permissions. %s" % (
---> 88                         os.path.basename(self.path), self.start_error_message)
     89                 )
     90             else:

WebDriverException: Message: 'msedgedriver.exe' executable may have wrong permissions. Please download from https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-edge/tools/webdriver/

但是我之前已经通过 !wget 下载了最新版本的 Edge 驱动程序，我不知道如何修复它，因为 Stack Overflow 上的所有解决方案都是针对 Chrome 驱动程序的，它们对我不起作用。

Answer 1

Edge 和 Chrome 都是基于 chromium 的，所以你可以参考 Chrome 驱动的代码。

Google Colaboratory 是一个免费的 Jupyter 笔记本环境，无需设置，完全在云端运行。整个 colab 在云虚拟机中运行。当前的 colab notebook 运行在 Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS 之上。

如果操作系统是 Linux，当您指定 msedgedriver 二进制路径时，您不需要为可执行二进制文件提供任何扩展名。示例代码是这样的：

wd = webdriver.Edge('/content/msedgedriver')

参考链接：WebDriverException: Message: 'chromedriver.exe' executable may have wrong permissions using Google Colaboratory through Selenium Python