TypeError: 'undefined' 不是函数（评估 '$scope.$dismiss()'）

Question

我需要使用 karma 单元测试来测试我的登录过程，但是在执行测试时我遇到了一个错误。

我的登录控制器代码：

      $scope.signin = function (valid) {
        if (valid) {
            $http.post('/auth/signin', $scope.credentials).success(function (response) {
                console.log(response)
                // If successful we assign the response to the global user model
                $scope.authentication.user = response.user;

                localStorage.setItem('token',response.token.logintoken);
                // And redirect to the index page
                $scope.$dismiss();

            }).error(function (response) {
                $scope.error = response.message;
            });
        } else {
            $scope.userSigninrequredErr = true;
        }
    };

Karma 测试代码：

(function () {
// Authentication controller Spec
describe('AuthenticationController', function () {
    // Initialize global variables
    var AuthenticationController,
            scope,
            $httpBackend,
            $stateParams,
            $cookieStore,
            notify,
            $location,
            modal;

    beforeEach(function () {
        jasmine.addMatchers({
            toEqualData: function (util, customEqualityTesters) {
                return {
                    compare: function (actual, expected) {
                        return {
                            pass: angular.equals(actual, expected)
                        };
                    }
                };
            }
        });
    });

    // Load the main application module
    beforeEach(module(ApplicationConfiguration.applicationModuleName));

    // The injector ignores leading and trailing underscores here (i.e. _$httpBackend_).
    // This allows us to inject a service but then attach it to a variable
    // with the same name as the service.
    beforeEach(inject(function ($controller, $rootScope, _$location_, _$stateParams_, _$httpBackend_, _$cookieStore_, _notify_) {
        // Set a new global scope
        scope = $rootScope.$new();

        // Point global variables to injected services
        $stateParams = _$stateParams_;
        $httpBackend = _$httpBackend_;
        $cookieStore = _$cookieStore_;
        notify = _notify_;
        $location = _$location_;
        modal = jasmine.createSpyObj('modal', ['show', 'hide']);
        // Initialize the Authentication controller
        AuthenticationController = $controller('AuthenticationController', {
            $scope: scope
        });
    }));



    it('$scope.signin() should login with a correct user and password', function () {
        // Test expected GET request  {user: 'Fred', token: {logintoken: 'Bearer eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9'}}
        scope.credentials.user = 'jenson';
        scope.credentials.token = {logintoken: 'Bearer eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9'};
        $httpBackend.when('POST', '/auth/signin').respond(200, scope.credentials);

        scope.signin(true);
        $httpBackend.when('GET', /\.html$/).respond('');
        $httpBackend.flush();

        // Test scope value
        expect(scope.credentials.user).toEqual('jenson');
        expect($location.url()).toEqual('/dashboard');
    });

}

执行 karma 测试后，我得到了正确的响应，但 devtools 控制台中显示以下错误。

TypeError: 'undefined' is not a function (evalating '$scope.$dismiss()')

感谢任何帮助。谢谢。

Answer 1

所以问题在于，在“真实”代码中，模态服务正在调用控制器并为您创建一个新范围，在其上填充 $dismiss() 方法，但在您的单元测试中，您正在手动调用控制器（使用$controller服务），意味着没有$scope.$dismiss()函数，因此报错。

相反，您需要执行您在真实代码中所做的事情，并使用模态服务来实例化您的控制器，或者至少模仿模态服务所做的并在您的新作用域上添加一些存根函数，包括$dismiss().