如何在 macOS 上配置 PHP 以对 SQL Server 使用 Windows 身份验证？答案

【问题标题】：How to configure PHP on macOS to use Windows Authentication for SQL Server?如何在 macOS 上配置 PHP 以对 SQL Server 使用 Windows 身份验证？
【发布时间】：2018-10-30 15:05:59
【问题描述】：

当我尝试从 PHP 连接时，我得到一个

PHP Fatal error:  sqlsrv_connect: Unknown exception caught. in /<edited>/testsql-plain.php on line 8

testsql-plain.php

<?php
$serverName = "<my DB server>";
$connectionOptions = array(
    "Database" => "<my DB>",
    "CharacterSet" => "UTF-8"
);

$conn = sqlsrv_connect($serverName, $connectionOptions); // This is line 8

我已设置 Kerberos 以对 SQL Server 进行身份验证，并且使用 sqlcmd 可以正常工作：

$ klist
Credentials cache: API:<edited>
        Principal: <edited>

  Issued                Expires               Principal
Oct 30 15:13:41 2018  Oct 31 01:13:41 2018  krbtgt/<edited>
Oct 30 15:13:54 2018  Oct 31 01:13:41 2018  MSSQLSvc/<edited>:1433@<edited>

$ sqlcmd -S <my DB server> -d <my DB> -E -q 'SELECT @@Version AS SQL_VERSION;'
SQL_VERSION
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Microsoft SQL Server 2012 (SP4) (KB4018073) - 11.0.7001.0 (X64)
    Aug 15 2017 10:23:29
    Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
    Standard Edition (64-bit) on Windows NT 6.3 <X64> (Build 9600: ) (Hypervisor)

我有 PHP 7.2.11，安装了 PHP 驱动和 ODBC 驱动：

$ sudo pecl install sqlsrv
pecl/sqlsrv is already installed and is the same as the released version 5.3.0
install failed

$ sudo pecl install pdo_sqlsrv
pecl/pdo_sqlsrv is already installed and is the same as the released version 5.3.0
install failed 

$ grep sqlsrv.so /usr/local/etc/php/7.2/php.ini
extension="pdo_sqlsrv.so"
extension="sqlsrv.so"

$ brew info msodbcsql17 mssql-tools
microsoft/mssql-release/msodbcsql17: stable 17.2.0.1
ODBC Driver for Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R)
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/mt654048(v=sql.1).aspx
/usr/local/Cellar/msodbcsql17/17.2.0.1 (9 files, 2.7MB) *
  Built from source on 2018-10-24 at 15:45:18
From: https://github.com/Microsoft/homebrew-mssql-release/blob/master/Formula/msodbcsql17.rb
==> Dependencies
Required: unixodbc ✔, openssl ✔
==> Options
--without-registration
    Don't register the driver in odbcinst.ini
==> Caveats
If you installed this formula with the registration option (default), you'll
need to manually remove [ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server] section from
odbcinst.ini after the formula is uninstalled. This can be done by executing
the following command:
    odbcinst -u -d -n "ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server"

microsoft/mssql-release/mssql-tools: stable 17.2.0.1
Sqlcmd and Bcp for Microsoft(R) SQL Server(R)
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms162773.aspx
/usr/local/Cellar/mssql-tools/17.2.0.1 (11 files, 1.2MB) *
  Built from source on 2018-10-24 at 15:45:39
From: https://github.com/Microsoft/homebrew-mssql-release/blob/master/Formula/mssql-tools.rb
==> Dependencies
Required: unixodbc ✔, openssl ✔, msodbcsql17 ✔

我错过了什么？我怎样才能至少找出更多“未知异常”是什么？

【问题讨论】：

try { $conn = sqlsrv_connect($serverName, $connectionOptions); } catch (Exception $e) { var_dump($e); exit;} 应该告诉你到底哪里出了问题
@delboy1978uk 这是PHP Fatal error，我听不懂（我试过了）。我注册了一个关闭函数来打印error_get_last()，但它给出的结果是一样的：“sqlsrv_connect：捕获的未知异常”
你能用 XDebug 单步调试代码吗？

标签： php sql-server macos active-directory kerberos

【解决方案1】：

经过更多调查发现问题与 PHP 的执行环境有关。

当我在干净的环境中运行 PHP 处理器时

$ env -i /usr/local/Cellar/php/7.2.11/bin/php /<edited>/testsql-plain.php

我得到一个连接并且可以运行一个查询，例如。 "SELECT @@Version AS SQL_VERSION":

Microsoft SQL Server 2012 (SP4) (KB4018073) - 11.0.7001.0 (X64)
    Aug 15 2017 10:23:29
    Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
    Standard Edition (64-bit) on Windows NT 6.3 <X64> (Build 9600: ) (Hypervisor)

同样适用于启动 Apache。在我的常规终端会话中运行 sudo apachectl start 会导致数据库连接失败，但使用干净的环境启动它

env -i sudo /usr/local/bin/apachectl start

使事情正常工作。

【讨论】：