我在理解如何使用 Python 发送附件时遇到问题。我已经成功地用smtplib 发送了简单的消息。有人可以解释如何在电子邮件中发送附件。我知道网上还有其他帖子，但作为 Python 初学者，我发现它们很难理解。
【问题讨论】：
我知道这是一个老问题，但我认为必须有比其他示例更简单的方法，因此我创建了一个库，可以干净地解决这个问题而不会污染您的代码库。包含附件非常简单：
from redmail import EmailSender
from pathlib import Path
# Configure an email sender
email = EmailSender(
host="<SMTP HOST>", port=0,
user_name="me@example.com", password="<PASSWORD>"
)
# Send an email
email.send(
sender="me@example.com",
receivers=["you@example.com"],
subject="An example email"
attachments={
"myfile.txt": Path("path/to/a_file.txt"),
"myfile.html": "<h1>Content of a HTML attachment</h1>"
}
)
您也可以直接附加bytes、Pandas DataFrame（根据密钥中的文件扩展名转换为格式）、Matplotlib Figure 或 Pillow Image。该库很可能是电子邮件发件人所需的所有功能（不仅仅是附件）。
安装：
pip install redmail
以任何你喜欢的方式使用它。我还写了大量文档：https://red-mail.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
【讨论】：
让我的脚本发送通用附件有点麻烦，但经过一些研究和浏览这篇文章的文章后，我终于想出了以下内容
# to query:
import sys
import ast
from datetime import datetime
import smtplib
import mimetypes
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email import encoders
from email.message import Message
from email.mime.audio import MIMEAudio
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from dotenv import load_dotenv, dotenv_values
load_dotenv() # load environment variables from .env
'''
sample .env file
# .env file
SECRET_KEY="gnhfpsjxxxxxxxx"
DOMAIN="GMAIL"
TOP_LEVEL_DOMAIN="COM"
EMAIL="CHESERExxxxxx@${DOMAIN}.${TOP_LEVEL_DOMAIN}"
TO_ADDRESS = ("cheseremxxxxx@gmail.com","cheserek@gmail.com")#didn't use this in the code but you can load recipients from here
'''
import smtplib
tls_port = 587
ssl_port = 465
smtp_server_domain_names = {'GMAIL': ('smtp.gmail.com', tls_port, ssl_port),
'OUTLOOK': ('smtp-mail.outlook.com', tls_port, ssl_port),
'YAHOO': ('smtp.mail.yahoo.com', tls_port, ssl_port),
'AT&T': ('smtp.mail.att.net', tls_port, ssl_port),
}
# todo: Ability to choose mail server provider
# auto read in from the dictionary the respective mail server address and the tls and ssl ports
class Bimail:
def __init__(self, subject, recipients):
self.subject = subject
self.recipients = recipients
self.htmlbody = ''
self.mail_username = 'will be loaded from .env file'
self.mail_password = 'loaded from .env file as well'
self.attachments = []
# Creating an smtp object
# todo: if gmail passed in use gmail's dictionary values
def setup_mail_client(self, domain_key_to_use="GMAIL",
email_servers_domains_dict=smtp_server_domain_names):
"""
:param report_pdf:
:type to_address: str
"""
smtpObj = None
encryption_status = True
config = dotenv_values(".env")
# check if the domain_key exists from within the available email-servers-domains dict file passed in
# else throw an error
# read environment file to get the Domain to be used
if f"{domain_key_to_use}" in email_servers_domains_dict.keys():
# if the key is found do the following
# 1.extract the domain,tls,ssl ports from email_servers dict for use in program
try:
values_tuple = email_servers_domains_dict.get(f"{domain_key_to_use}")
ssl_port = values_tuple[2]
tls_port = values_tuple[1]
smtp_server = values_tuple[0]
smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, tls_port)
print(f"Success connect with tls on {tls_port}")
print('Awaiting for connection encryption via startttls()')
encryption_status = False
except:
print(f"Failed connection via tls on port {tls_port}")
try:
smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server, ssl_port)
print(f"Success connect with ssl on {ssl_port}")
encryption_status = True
except:
print(f"Failed connection via ssl on port {ssl_port}")
finally:
print("Within Finally block")
if not smtpObj:
print("Failed!!! no Internet connection")
else:
# if connection channel is unencrypted via the use of tls encrypt it
if not encryption_status:
status = smtpObj.starttls()
if status[0] == 220:
print("Successfully Encrypted tls channel")
print("Successfully Connected!!!! Requesting Login")
# Loading .env file values to config variable
#load Login Creds from ENV File
self.mail_username = f'{config.get("EMAIL")}'
self.mail_password = f'{cofig.get("SECRET_KEY")}'
status = smtpObj.login(self.mail_usernam,self.mail_password)
if status[0] == 235:
print("Successfully Authenticated User to xxx account")
success = self.send(smtpObj, f'{config.get("EMAIL")}')
if not bool(success):
print(f"Success in Sending Mail to {success}")
print("Disconnecting from Server INstance")
quit_result = smtpObj.quit()
else:
print(f"Failed to Post {success}!!!")
print(f"Quiting anyway !!!")
quit_result = smtpObj.quit()
else:
print("Application Specific Password is Required")
else:
print("World")
def send(self,smtpObj,from_address):
msg = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
msg['From'] = from_address
msg['Subject'] = self.subject
msg['To'] = ", ".join(self.recipients) # to must be array of the form ['mailsender135@gmail.com']
msg.preamble = "preamble goes here"
# check if there are attachments if yes, add them
if self.attachments:
self.attach(msg)
# add html body after attachments
msg.attach(MIMEText(self.htmlbody, 'html'))
# send
print(f"Attempting Email send to the following addresses {self.recipients}")
result = smtpObj.sendmail(from_address, self.recipients,msg.as_string())
return result
def htmladd(self, html):
self.htmlbody = self.htmlbody + '<p></p>' + html
def attach(self, msg):
for f in self.attachments:
ctype, encoding = mimetypes.guess_type(f)
if ctype is None or encoding is not None:
ctype = "application/octet-stream"
maintype, subtype = ctype.split("/", 1)
if maintype == "text":
fp = open(f)
# Note: we should handle calculating the charset
attachment = MIMEText(fp.read(), _subtype=subtype)
fp.close()
elif maintype == "image":
fp = open(f, "rb")
attachment = MIMEImage(fp.read(), _subtype=subtype)
fp.close()
elif maintype == "ppt":
fp = open(f, "rb")
attachment = MIMEApplication(fp.read(), _subtype=subtype)
fp.close()
elif maintype == "audio":
fp = open(f, "rb")
attachment = MIMEAudio(fp.read(), _subtype=subtype)
fp.close()
else:
fp = open(f, "rb")
attachment = MIMEBase(maintype, subtype)
attachment.set_payload(fp.read())
fp.close()
encoders.encode_base64(attachment)
attachment.add_header("Content-Disposition", "attachment", filename=f)
attachment.add_header('Content-ID', '<{}>'.format(f))
msg.attach(attachment)
def addattach(self, files):
self.attachments = self.attachments + files
# example below
if __name__ == '__main__':
# subject and recipients
mymail = Bimail('Sales email ' + datetime.now().strftime('%Y/%m/%d'),
['cheseremxx@gmail.com', 'tkemboxxx@gmail.com'])
# start html body. Here we add a greeting.
mymail.htmladd('Good morning, find the daily summary below.')
# Further things added to body are separated by a paragraph, so you do not need to worry about newlines for new sentences
# here we add a line of text and an html table previously stored in the variable
mymail.htmladd('Daily sales')
mymail.addattach(['htmlsalestable.xlsx'])
# another table name + table
mymail.htmladd('Daily bestsellers')
mymail.addattach(['htmlbestsellertable.xlsx'])
# add image chart title
mymail.htmladd('Weekly sales chart')
# attach image chart
mymail.addattach(['saleschartweekly.png'])
# refer to image chart in html
mymail.htmladd('<img src="cid:saleschartweekly.png"/>')
# attach another file
mymail.addattach(['MailSend.py'])
# send!
mymail.setup_mail_client( domain_key_to_use="GMAIL",email_servers_domains_dict=smtp_server_domain_names)
【讨论】：
这里是 Oli 为 python 3 修改的版本
import smtplib
from pathlib import Path
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import COMMASPACE, formatdate
from email import encoders
def send_mail(send_from, send_to, subject, message, files=[],
server="localhost", port=587, username='', password='',
use_tls=True):
"""Compose and send email with provided info and attachments.
Args:
send_from (str): from name
send_to (list[str]): to name(s)
subject (str): message title
message (str): message body
files (list[str]): list of file paths to be attached to email
server (str): mail server host name
port (int): port number
username (str): server auth username
password (str): server auth password
use_tls (bool): use TLS mode
"""
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = send_from
msg['To'] = COMMASPACE.join(send_to)
msg['Date'] = formatdate(localtime=True)
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg.attach(MIMEText(message))
for path in files:
part = MIMEBase('application', "octet-stream")
with open(path, 'rb') as file:
part.set_payload(file.read())
encoders.encode_base64(part)
part.add_header('Content-Disposition',
'attachment; filename={}'.format(Path(path).name))
msg.attach(part)
smtp = smtplib.SMTP(server, port)
if use_tls:
smtp.starttls()
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(send_from, send_to, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()
【讨论】：
import pathlib替换为from pathlib import Path
试试这个，希望对你有帮助
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email import encoders
fromaddr = "youremailhere"
toaddr = input("Enter The Email Adress You want to send to: ")
# instance of MIMEMultipart
msg = MIMEMultipart()
# storing the senders email address
msg['From'] = fromaddr
# storing the receivers email address
msg['To'] = toaddr
# storing the subject
msg['Subject'] = input("What is the Subject:\t")
# string to store the body of the mail
body = input("What is the body:\t")
# attach the body with the msg instance
msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain'))
# open the file to be sent
filename = input("filename:")
attachment = open(filename, "rb")
# instance of MIMEBase and named as p
p = MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream')
# To change the payload into encoded form
p.set_payload((attachment).read())
# encode into base64
encoders.encode_base64(p)
p.add_header('Content-Disposition', "attachment; filename= %s" % filename)
# attach the instance 'p' to instance 'msg'
msg.attach(p)
# creates SMTP session
s = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)
# start TLS for security
s.starttls()
# Authentication
s.login(fromaddr, "yourpaswordhere)
# Converts the Multipart msg into a string
text = msg.as_string()
# sending the mail
s.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddr, text)
# terminating the session
s.quit()
【讨论】：
此处当前给出的答案都不能与 GMail、Outlook 2016 和其他不支持 RFC 2231 的客户端（例如，请参阅 here）的文件名中的非 ASCII 符号一起正常工作。下面的 Python 3 代码改编自其他一些 stackoverflow 答案（抱歉，没有保存原始链接）和 Python 2.7 的 odoo/openerp 代码（参见ir_mail_server.py）。它可以与 GMail 和其他人一起正常工作，并且还使用 SSL。
import smtplib, ssl
from os.path import basename
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from mimetypes import guess_type
from email.encoders import encode_base64
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import COMMASPACE, formatdate
from email.charset import Charset
def try_coerce_ascii(string_utf8):
"""Attempts to decode the given utf8-encoded string
as ASCII after coercing it to UTF-8, then return
the confirmed 7-bit ASCII string.
If the process fails (because the string
contains non-ASCII characters) returns ``None``.
"""
try:
string_utf8.encode('ascii')
except UnicodeEncodeError:
return
return string_utf8
def encode_header_param(param_text):
"""Returns an appropriate RFC 2047 encoded representation of the given
header parameter value, suitable for direct assignation as the
param value (e.g. via Message.set_param() or Message.add_header())
RFC 2822 assumes that headers contain only 7-bit characters,
so we ensure it is the case, using RFC 2047 encoding when needed.
:param param_text: unicode or utf-8 encoded string with header value
:rtype: string
:return: if ``param_text`` represents a plain ASCII string,
return the same 7-bit string, otherwise returns an
ASCII string containing the RFC2047 encoded text.
"""
if not param_text: return ""
param_text_ascii = try_coerce_ascii(param_text)
return param_text_ascii if param_text_ascii\
else Charset('utf8').header_encode(param_text)
smtp_server = '<someserver.com>'
smtp_port = 465 # Default port for SSL
sender_email = '<sender_email@some.com>'
sender_password = '<PASSWORD>'
receiver_emails = ['<receiver_email_1@some.com>', '<receiver_email_2@some.com>']
subject = 'Test message'
message = """\
Hello! This is a test message with attachments.
This message is sent from Python."""
files = ['<path1>/файл1.pdf', '<path2>/файл2.png']
# Create a secure SSL context
context = ssl.create_default_context()
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = sender_email
msg['To'] = COMMASPACE.join(receiver_emails)
msg['Date'] = formatdate(localtime=True)
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg.attach(MIMEText(message))
for f in files:
mimetype, _ = guess_type(f)
mimetype = mimetype.split('/', 1)
with open(f, "rb") as fil:
part = MIMEBase(mimetype[0], mimetype[1])
part.set_payload(fil.read())
encode_base64(part)
filename_rfc2047 = encode_header_param(basename(f))
# The default RFC 2231 encoding of Message.add_header() works in Thunderbird but not GMail
# so we fix it by using RFC 2047 encoding for the filename instead.
part.set_param('name', filename_rfc2047)
part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=filename_rfc2047)
msg.attach(part)
with smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server, smtp_port, context=context) as server:
server.login(sender_email, sender_password)
server.sendmail(sender_email, receiver_emails, msg.as_string())
【讨论】：
这是我最终使用的代码：
import smtplib
from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.MIMEBase import MIMEBase
from email import Encoders
SUBJECT = "Email Data"
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['Subject'] = SUBJECT
msg['From'] = self.EMAIL_FROM
msg['To'] = ', '.join(self.EMAIL_TO)
part = MIMEBase('application', "octet-stream")
part.set_payload(open("text.txt", "rb").read())
Encoders.encode_base64(part)
part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename="text.txt"')
msg.attach(part)
server = smtplib.SMTP(self.EMAIL_SERVER)
server.sendmail(self.EMAIL_FROM, self.EMAIL_TO, msg.as_string())
代码与 Oli 的帖子大致相同。
代码来自 Binary file email attachment problem 帖子。
【讨论】：
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
这是另一个：
import smtplib
from os.path import basename
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import COMMASPACE, formatdate
def send_mail(send_from, send_to, subject, text, files=None,
server="127.0.0.1"):
assert isinstance(send_to, list)
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = send_from
msg['To'] = COMMASPACE.join(send_to)
msg['Date'] = formatdate(localtime=True)
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg.attach(MIMEText(text))
for f in files or []:
with open(f, "rb") as fil:
part = MIMEApplication(
fil.read(),
Name=basename(f)
)
# After the file is closed
part['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename="%s"' % basename(f)
msg.attach(part)
smtp = smtplib.SMTP(server)
smtp.sendmail(send_from, send_to, msg.as_string())
smtp.close()
和第一个例子差不多……不过应该更容易上手。
【讨论】：
file 的剩余引用更改为f。
part = MIMEApplication(open(f, 'rb').read())
您还可以在电子邮件中指定您想要的附件类型，例如我使用 pdf：
def send_email_pdf_figs(path_to_pdf, subject, message, destination, password_path=None):
## credits: http://linuxcursor.com/python-programming/06-how-to-send-pdf-ppt-attachment-with-html-body-in-python-script
from socket import gethostname
#import email
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
import smtplib
import json
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)
server.starttls()
with open(password_path) as f:
config = json.load(f)
server.login('me@gmail.com', config['password'])
# Craft message (obj)
msg = MIMEMultipart()
message = f'{message}\nSend from Hostname: {gethostname()}'
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg['From'] = 'me@gmail.com'
msg['To'] = destination
# Insert the text to the msg going by e-mail
msg.attach(MIMEText(message, "plain"))
# Attach the pdf to the msg going by e-mail
with open(path_to_pdf, "rb") as f:
#attach = email.mime.application.MIMEApplication(f.read(),_subtype="pdf")
attach = MIMEApplication(f.read(),_subtype="pdf")
attach.add_header('Content-Disposition','attachment',filename=str(path_to_pdf))
msg.attach(attach)
# send msg
server.send_message(msg)
【讨论】：
使用我的代码，您可以使用 gmail 发送电子邮件附件，您需要：
将您的 gmail 地址设置为“您的 SMTP 电子邮件在此处”
在“YOUR SMTP PASSWORD HERE_”处设置您的 gmail 帐户密码
在 ___EMAIL TO RECEIVE THE MESSAGE_ 部分中，您需要设置目标电子邮件地址。
报警通知是主题，
有人进了房间，附图是尸体
["/home/pi/webcam.jpg"] 是图片附件。
#!/usr/bin/env python
import smtplib
from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.MIMEBase import MIMEBase
from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
from email.Utils import COMMASPACE, formatdate
from email import Encoders
import os
USERNAME = "___YOUR SMTP EMAIL HERE___"
PASSWORD = "__YOUR SMTP PASSWORD HERE___"
def sendMail(to, subject, text, files=[]):
assert type(to)==list
assert type(files)==list
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = USERNAME
msg['To'] = COMMASPACE.join(to)
msg['Date'] = formatdate(localtime=True)
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg.attach( MIMEText(text) )
for file in files:
part = MIMEBase('application', "octet-stream")
part.set_payload( open(file,"rb").read() )
Encoders.encode_base64(part)
part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename="%s"'
% os.path.basename(file))
msg.attach(part)
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com:587')
server.ehlo_or_helo_if_needed()
server.starttls()
server.ehlo_or_helo_if_needed()
server.login(USERNAME,PASSWORD)
server.sendmail(USERNAME, to, msg.as_string())
server.quit()
sendMail( ["___EMAIL TO RECEIVE THE MESSAGE__"],
"Alarm notification",
"Someone has entered the room, picture attached",
["/home/pi/webcam.jpg"] )
【讨论】：
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
import smtplib
msg = MIMEMultipart()
password = "password"
msg['From'] = "from_address"
msg['To'] = "to_address"
msg['Subject'] = "Attached Photo"
msg.attach(MIMEImage(file("abc.jpg").read()))
file = "file path"
fp = open(file, 'rb')
img = MIMEImage(fp.read())
fp.close()
msg.attach(img)
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com: 587')
server.starttls()
server.login(msg['From'], password)
server.sendmail(msg['From'], msg['To'], msg.as_string())
server.quit()
【讨论】：
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
import smtplib
import mimetypes
import email.mime.application
smtp_ssl_host = 'smtp.gmail.com' # smtp.mail.yahoo.com
smtp_ssl_port = 465
s = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_ssl_host, smtp_ssl_port)
s.login(email_user, email_pass)
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['Subject'] = 'I have a picture'
msg['From'] = email_user
msg['To'] = email_user
txt = MIMEText('I just bought a new camera.')
msg.attach(txt)
filename = 'introduction-to-algorithms-3rd-edition-sep-2010.pdf' #path to file
fo=open(filename,'rb')
attach = email.mime.application.MIMEApplication(fo.read(),_subtype="pdf")
fo.close()
attach.add_header('Content-Disposition','attachment',filename=filename)
msg.attach(attach)
s.send_message(msg)
s.quit()
对于解释，您可以使用正确解释的此链接 https://medium.com/@sdoshi579/to-send-an-email-along-with-attachment-using-smtp-7852e77623
【讨论】：
以下是我从 SoccerPlayer 的帖子 Here 中找到的内容和以下链接的组合，该链接使我更容易附加 xlsx 文件。 Found Here
file = 'File.xlsx'
username=''
password=''
send_from = ''
send_to = 'recipient1 , recipient2'
Cc = 'recipient'
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = send_from
msg['To'] = send_to
msg['Cc'] = Cc
msg['Date'] = formatdate(localtime = True)
msg['Subject'] = ''
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com')
port = '587'
fp = open(file, 'rb')
part = MIMEBase('application','vnd.ms-excel')
part.set_payload(fp.read())
fp.close()
encoders.encode_base64(part)
part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='Name File Here')
msg.attach(part)
smtp = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com')
smtp.ehlo()
smtp.starttls()
smtp.login(username,password)
smtp.sendmail(send_from, send_to.split(',') + msg['Cc'].split(','), msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()
【讨论】：
python 3 的另一种方式（如果有人在搜索）：
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email import encoders
fromaddr = "sender mail address"
toaddr = "receiver mail address"
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = fromaddr
msg['To'] = toaddr
msg['Subject'] = "SUBJECT OF THE EMAIL"
body = "TEXT YOU WANT TO SEND"
msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain'))
filename = "fileName"
attachment = open("path of file", "rb")
part = MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream')
part.set_payload((attachment).read())
encoders.encode_base64(part)
part.add_header('Content-Disposition', "attachment; filename= %s" % filename)
msg.attach(part)
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)
server.starttls()
server.login(fromaddr, "sender mail password")
text = msg.as_string()
server.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddr, text)
server.quit()
确保在您的 Gmail 帐户中允许“less secure apps”
【讨论】：
Gmail 版本，使用 Python 3.6（请注意，您需要更改 Gmail 设置才能通过 smtp 从它发送电子邮件：
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
from os.path import basename
def send_mail(send_from: str, subject: str, text: str,
send_to: list, files= None):
send_to= default_address if not send_to else send_to
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = send_from
msg['To'] = ', '.join(send_to)
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg.attach(MIMEText(text))
for f in files or []:
with open(f, "rb") as fil:
ext = f.split('.')[-1:]
attachedfile = MIMEApplication(fil.read(), _subtype = ext)
attachedfile.add_header(
'content-disposition', 'attachment', filename=basename(f) )
msg.attach(attachedfile)
smtp = smtplib.SMTP(host="smtp.gmail.com", port= 587)
smtp.starttls()
smtp.login(username,password)
smtp.sendmail(send_from, send_to, msg.as_string())
smtp.close()
用法：
username = 'my-address@gmail.com'
password = 'top-secret'
default_address = ['my-address2@gmail.com']
send_mail(send_from= username,
subject="test",
text="text",
send_to= None,
files= # pass a list with the full filepaths here...
)
要与任何其他电子邮件提供商一起使用，只需更改 smtp 配置。
【讨论】：
其他答案非常好，但我仍然想分享一种不同的方法，以防有人正在寻找替代方案。
这里的主要区别在于，使用这种方法，您可以使用 HTML/CSS 来格式化您的邮件，这样您就可以发挥创意并为您的电子邮件添加一些样式。虽然没有强制您使用 HTML，但您仍然可以只使用纯文本。
请注意，此功能接受将电子邮件发送给多个收件人，还允许附加多个文件。
我只在 Python 2 上尝试过，但我认为它在 3 上也应该可以正常工作：
import os.path
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
def send_email(subject, message, from_email, to_email=[], attachment=[]):
"""
:param subject: email subject
:param message: Body content of the email (string), can be HTML/CSS or plain text
:param from_email: Email address from where the email is sent
:param to_email: List of email recipients, example: ["a@a.com", "b@b.com"]
:param attachment: List of attachments, exmaple: ["file1.txt", "file2.txt"]
"""
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg['From'] = from_email
msg['To'] = ", ".join(to_email)
msg.attach(MIMEText(message, 'html'))
for f in attachment:
with open(f, 'rb') as a_file:
basename = os.path.basename(f)
part = MIMEApplication(a_file.read(), Name=basename)
part['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename="%s"' % basename
msg.attach(part)
email = smtplib.SMTP('your-smtp-host-name.com')
email.sendmail(from_email, to_email, msg.as_string())
我希望这会有所帮助！ :-)
【讨论】：
我能得到的最简单的代码是：
#for attachment email
from django.core.mail import EmailMessage
def attachment_email(request):
email = EmailMessage(
'Hello', #subject
'Body goes here', #body
'MyEmail@MyEmail.com', #from
['SendTo@SendTo.com'], #to
['bcc@example.com'], #bcc
reply_to=['other@example.com'],
headers={'Message-ID': 'foo'},
)
email.attach_file('/my/path/file')
email.send()
【讨论】：
from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
from email.MIMEImage import MIMEImage
import smtplib
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg.attach(MIMEText(file("text.txt").read()))
msg.attach(MIMEImage(file("image.png").read()))
# to send
mailer = smtplib.SMTP()
mailer.connect()
mailer.sendmail(from_, to, msg.as_string())
mailer.close()
改编自here。
【讨论】：
smtplib 所支持的。要发送附件，请将它们编码为 MIME 消息并以纯文本电子邮件的形式发送。不过有一个新的 python 电子邮件模块：docs.python.org/library/email.mime.html
msg.as_string()，它确实看起来像是 MIME 多部分电子邮件的正文。维基百科解释 MIME：en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIME
Line 6, in <module> msg.attach(MIMEText(file("text.txt").read())) NameError: name 'file' is not defined