在自然语言处理 (NLP) 中解析句子

Question

由于我是机器学习的初学者，我对解析给定的句子感到困惑。 “我在河的左边。” 尝试了很多，但确实无法得到确切的解决方案。

Answer 1

有不同的语言解析器可用，但这取决于您的要求。查看其中的一些内容以开始使用

1. http://www.nltk.org/howto/parse.html
2. http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/lex-parser.shtml

谷歌sentence parser，你会得到大名单

这是使用斯坦福解析器的结果：

NLP> I am in the left side of river.
Sentence #1 (9 tokens):
I am in the left side of river.
[Text=I CharacterOffsetBegin=0 CharacterOffsetEnd=1 PartOfSpeech=PRP Lemma=I NamedEntityTag=O] [Text=am CharacterOffsetBegin=2 CharacterOffsetEnd=4 PartOfSpeech=VBP Lemma=be NamedEntityTag=O] [Text=in CharacterOffsetBegin=5 CharacterOffsetEnd=7 PartOfSpeech=IN Lemma=in NamedEntityTag=O] [Text=the CharacterOffsetBegin=8 CharacterOffsetEnd=11 PartOfSpeech=DT Lemma=the NamedEntityTag=O] [Text=left CharacterOffsetBegin=12 CharacterOffsetEnd=16 PartOfSpeech=JJ Lemma=left NamedEntityTag=O] [Text=side CharacterOffsetBegin=17 CharacterOffsetEnd=21 PartOfSpeech=NN Lemma=side NamedEntityTag=O] [Text=of CharacterOffsetBegin=22 CharacterOffsetEnd=24 PartOfSpeech=IN Lemma=of NamedEntityTag=O] [Text=river CharacterOffsetBegin=25 CharacterOffsetEnd=30 PartOfSpeech=NN Lemma=river NamedEntityTag=O] [Text=. CharacterOffsetBegin=30 CharacterOffsetEnd=31 PartOfSpeech=. Lemma=. NamedEntityTag=O] 
(ROOT
  (S
    (NP (PRP I))
    (VP (VBP am)
      (PP (IN in)
        (NP
          (NP (DT the) (JJ left) (NN side))
          (PP (IN of)
            (NP (NN river))))))
    (. .)))

root(ROOT-0, am-2)
nsubj(am-2, I-1)
det(side-6, the-4)
amod(side-6, left-5)
prep_in(am-2, side-6)
prep_of(side-6, river-8)

nltk 解析器：

>>> nltk.parse.chart.demo(3, print_times=False, trace=0,
...                       sent='I saw John with a dog', numparses=2)
* Sentence:
I saw John with a dog
['I', 'saw', 'John', 'with', 'a', 'dog']

* Strategy: Bottom-up left-corner

Nr edges in chart: 36
(S
  (NP I)
  (VP (VP (Verb saw) (NP John)) (PP with (NP (Det a) (Noun dog)))))
(S
  (NP I)
  (VP (Verb saw) (NP (NP John) (PP with (NP (Det a) (Noun dog))))))