SpringMVC 和 MongoDB 项目中的 UnsatisfiedDependencyException

Question

我正在开发一个 Spring MVC 和 MongoDB 支持的应用程序。

我的 api 工作正常，但我想用 Fongo 创建一个集成测试，以便在我的服务获取该文件后测试保存文件。

我已经尝试过了，但是当我在我的服务类中添加@Autowired 时，它返回了一个UnsatisfiedDependencyException。我的测试夹具类如下：

@ActiveProfiles({"test"})
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(
    locations = {
            "classpath*:config/servlet-config.xml",
            "classpath*:config/SpringConfig.xml"})
@WebAppConfiguration
public class IntegrationTest {
@Autowired   // returns UnsatisfiedDependencyException
private FileService fileService;

@Before
@Test
public void setUp() throws IOException {
Fongo fongo = new Fongo("dbTest");
DB db = fongo.getDB("myDb");
}

@Test
public void testInsertAndGetFile() throws IOException{

    //create a file document in order to save
    File file = new File();
    file.setId("1");
    file.setFileName("test1");
    file.setVersionId("1");

    //save the file
    String id = fileService.storeFile(file);

    //get the file
    File fileDocument= fileService.getFileById("1");

    //check if id is the file id which is expected
    assertEquals(fileDocument.getId(), "1");
}
}

我收到了这条日志消息：

org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'com.ots.openonefilesystem.integration.IntegrationTest': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'fileService'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean found for dependency [com.myproject.service.FileService]: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean found for dependency [com.myproject.service.FileService]: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

我正在使用 xml 配置。

如何解决我的测试错误？在我的服务类FileService 中，我已经输入了@Service，但似乎 Spring 预计至少有 1 个符合自动装配候选资格的 bean。

此外，如果我删除了@Autowired，则在保存获取文件时，日志将返回NullpointerException，正如预期的那样。

PS：我用的是springFramework 4.3.3.RELEASE，spring-data-mongodb 1.9.5.RELEASE

提前谢谢你！

Answer 1

为了@Autowired FileService，我必须配置模拟数据库（Fongo）。这个，我通过@ContextConfiguration(classes = {MockDatasourceConfig.class})做到的

所以，正确的测试夹具类如下：

@ActiveProfiles({"test"})
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {MockDatasourceConfig.class})
@WebAppConfiguration
public class IntegrationTest{

@Autowired
private FileService fileService;

@Test
public void testInsertAndGetFile() throws IOException{

    //create a file document in order to save
    File file = new File();
    file.setId("1");
    file.setFileName("test1");
    file.setVersionId("1");
    //save the file and return his id
    String id = fileService.storeFileGeneral(file);
    //get the file
    FileDocument fileDocument= fileService.getFileById(id);
    //check that the file isn't null
    assertNotNull(fileDocument);
    //check if id is the file id which is expected
    assertEquals(fileDocument.getId(), id);
    assertEquals(fileDocument.getFileName(), "test1");
}
}

MockDatasourceConfig 类如下：

@Profile({"test"})
@Configuration
@PropertySource("classpath:mongo.properties")
@ComponentScan(basePackageClasses = {File.class})
@EnableMongoRepositories(basePackageClasses = RepositoryPackageMarker.class)
public class MockDatasourceConfig extends AbstractMongoConfiguration {

@Autowired
Environment env;

@Override
protected String getDatabaseName() {
    return env.getProperty("mongo.dbname", "myDb");
}

@Override
public Mongo mongo() throws Exception {
    return new Fongo(getDatabaseName()).getMongo();
}

@Bean
public GridFsTemplate gridFsTemplate() throws Exception {
    return new GridFsTemplate( mongoDbFactory(),mappingMongoConverter());
}
}

P.S：@M.Deinum 的有用建议