Python 3x 函数在不被调用的情况下运行

Question

这是我的代码

code
__author__ = 'Jared Reabow'
__name__ = 'Assignment 2 Dice game'
#Date created: 14/11/2014
#Date modified 17/11/2014
#Purpose: A game to get the highest score by rolling 5 virtual dice.

import random 


#pre defined variables
NumberOfDice = 5 #this variable defined how many dice are to be rolled



def rollDice(NumberOfDice):
        dice = [] #this is the creation of an unlimited array (list), it containes the values of the 5 rolled dice.
        RunCount1 = 1 #This defines the number of times the first while loop has run
        while RunCount1 <= NumberOfDice:
                #print("this loop has run " , RunCount1 , " cycles.") #this is some debugging to make sure how many time the loop has run
                TempArrayHolder = random.randint(1,6) #This holds the random digit one at a time for each of the dice in the dice Array.
                dice.append(TempArrayHolder) #this takes the TempArrayHolder value and feeds it into the array called dice.
                RunCount1 += 1 #this counts up each time the while loop is run.
        return dice

rollDice(NumberOfDice)
dice = rollDice(NumberOfDice)
print(dice,"debug") #Debug to output dice array in order to confirm it is functioning

def countVals(dice,NumberOfDice):
    totals = [0]*6 #this is the creation of a array(list) to count the number of times, number 1-6 are rolled
    #print(dice, "debug CountVals function")
    SubRunCount = 0
    while SubRunCount < NumberOfDice:
         totals[dice[SubRunCount -1] -1] += 1 #this is the key line for totals, it takes the dice value -1(to d eal with starting at 0) and uses it
         #to define the array position in totals where 1 is then added.
         #print(totals)
         SubRunCount += 1
    return totals

countVals(dice,NumberOfDice)
totals = countVals(dice,NumberOfDice)
print("totals = ",totals)

缩进可能有点错误，我是stackoverflow的新手。 如标题所述，我的问题是无论是否调用这两个函数都会运行，但如果调用它们将运行两次。

我在某处读到删除括号：

dice = rollDice(NumberOfDice)

原来是这样

dice = rollDice

会解决这个问题，在某种程度上它会做一些事情，但不是我想要的。 如果我执行上述操作，它会输出

<function rollDice at 0x00000000022ACBF8> debug

而不是运行函数，所以我很卡住。

我希望能详细解释发生了什么？

更新：我错误地调用了该函数两次。 我想我需要先运行它，然后才能使用它返回的输出，但在代码中使用时不会。

Answer 1

你确实给rollDice()打了两次电话：

rollDice(NumberOfDice)
dice = rollDice(NumberOfDice)

您第一次忽略返回值，因此您可以删除该调用。

你对countVals做同样的事情：

countVals(dice,NumberOfDice)
totals = countVals(dice,NumberOfDice)

同样，这是 两个 调用，不是一个，第一个忽略返回值；只需完全删除这些行。