使用cookielib模拟浏览器在python中获取url

Question

我正在使用 cookielib，有时在浏览器中打开一个 url 会通过浏览器发出许多其他请求来下载许多其他文件。我可以使用 cookie lib 或任何其他 python 库复制相同的行为吗？

例如：从页面https://applicant.keybank.com/psp/hrsappl/EMPLOYEE/HRMS/c/HRS_HRAM.HRS_CE.GBL?Page=HRS_CE_HM_PRE&Action=A&SiteId=1获取所有必需的信息

我必须从我的 python 脚本发出超过 1 个 GET 请求。通过分析打开页面时的网络请求，我得到了浏览器发出的所有请求的请求url。

我正在查看是否有任何方法可以只发出 1 个请求，它会像浏览器一样自行获取所有相关请求。

我对 js 或 css 不是很感兴趣，但主要是 html。

我尝试使用以下代码，但无法下载整个页面

cj = cookielib.CookieJar()
opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cj))

response = opener.open('https://applicant.keybank.com/psp/hrsappl/EMPLOYEE/HRMS/c/HRS_HRAM.HRS_CE.GBL?Page=HRS_CE_HM_PRE&Action=A&SiteId=1')
html = response.read()

但是当我按顺序获取 3 个其他 GET url 时，它能够在第三个 GET 响应中为我提供所需的 html。我通过检查浏览器的网络选项卡获得了这些网址

'https://applicant.keybank.com/psc/hrsappl/EMPLOYEE/EMPL/s/WEBLIB_PT_NAV.ISCRIPT1.FieldFormula.IScript_UniHeader_Frame?c=NNTCgkqGs001AcPaisqGbYpTu%2fbGx4jx&Page=HRS_CE_HM_PRE&Action=A&SiteId=1&PortalActualURL=https%3a%2f%2fhronline.keybank.com%2fpsc%2fhrshrm%2fEMPLOYEE%2fHRMS%2fc%2fHRS_HRAM.HRS_CE.GBL%3fPage%3dHRS_CE_HM_PRE%26Action%3dA%26SiteId%3d1&PortalContentURL=https%3a%2f%2fhronline.keybank.com%2fpsc%2fhrshrm%2fEMPLOYEE%2fHRMS%2fc%2fHRS_HRAM.HRS_CE.GBL%3fPage%3dHRS_CE_HM_PRE%26Action%3dA%26SiteId%3d1&PortalContentProvider=HRMS&PortalRegistryName=EMPLOYEE&PortalServletURI=https%3a%2f%2fapplicant.keybank.com%2fpsp%2fhrsappl%2f&PortalURI=https%3a%2f%2fapplicant.keybank.com%2fpsc%2fhrsappl%2f&PortalHostNode=EMPL&PortalIsPagelet=true&NoCrumbs=yes')


'https://applicant.keybank.com/psc/hrsappl/EMPLOYEE/EMPL/s/WEBLIB_PTPPB.ISCRIPT2.FieldFormula.IScript_TemplatePageletBuilder?PTPPB_PAGELET_ID=KC_LNAV_APPLICANT&target=KCNV_KC_LNAV_APPLICANT_TMPL&Page=HRS_CE_HM_PRE&Action=A&SiteId=1&PortalActualURL=https%3a%2f%2fhronline.keybank.com%2fpsc%2fhrshrm%2fEMPLOYEE%2fHRMS%2fc%2fHRS_HRAM.HRS_CE.GBL%3fPage%3dHRS_CE_HM_PRE%26Action%3dA%26SiteId%3d1&PortalContentURL=https%3a%2f%2fhronline.keybank.com%2fpsc%2fhrshrm%2fEMPLOYEE%2fHRMS%2fc%2fHRS_HRAM.HRS_CE.GBL%3fPage%3dHRS_CE_HM_PRE%26Action%3dA%26SiteId%3d1&PortalContentProvider=HRMS&PortalRegistryName=EMPLOYEE&PortalServletURI=https%3a%2f%2fapplicant.keybank.com%2fpsp%2fhrsappl%2f&PortalURI=https%3a%2f%2fapplicant.keybank.com%2fpsc%2fhrsappl%2f&PortalHostNode=EMPL&PortalIsPagelet=true&NoCrumbs=yes&PortalTargetFrame=TargetContent'


'https://hronline.keybank.com/psc/hrshrm/EMPLOYEE/HRMS/c/HRS_HRAM.HRS_CE.GBL?Page=HRS_CE_HM_PRE&Action=A&SiteId=1&PortalActualURL=https%3a%2f%2fhronline.keybank.com%2fpsc%2fhrshrm%2fEMPLOYEE%2fHRMS%2fc%2fHRS_HRAM.HRS_CE.GBL%3fPage%3dHRS_CE_HM_PRE%26Action%3dA%26SiteId%3d1&PortalContentURL=https%3a%2f%2fhronline.keybank.com%2fpsc%2fhrshrm%2fEMPLOYEE%2fHRMS%2fc%2fHRS_HRAM.HRS_CE.GBL%3fPage%3dHRS_CE_HM_PRE%26Action%3dA%26SiteId%3d1&PortalContentProvider=HRMS&PortalCRefLabel=Careers&PortalRegistryName=EMPLOYEE&PortalServletURI=https%3a%2f%2fapplicant.keybank.com%2fpsp%2fhrsappl%2f&PortalURI=https%3a%2f%2fapplicant.keybank.com%2fpsc%2fhrsappl%2f&PortalHostNode=EMPL&NoCrumbs=yes&PortalKeyStruct=yes'

以下是我正在进行的其他提取的完整代码

response = opener.open('https://applicant.keybank.com/psc/hrsappl/EMPLOYEE/EMPL/s/WEBLIB_PT_NAV.ISCRIPT1.FieldFormula.IScript_UniHeader_Frame?c=NNTCgkqGs001AcPaisqGbYpTu%2fbGx4jx&Page=HRS_CE_HM_PRE&Action=A&SiteId=1&PortalActualURL=https%3a%2f%2fhronline.keybank.com%2fpsc%2fhrshrm%2fEMPLOYEE%2fHRMS%2fc%2fHRS_HRAM.HRS_CE.GBL%3fPage%3dHRS_CE_HM_PRE%26Action%3dA%26SiteId%3d1&PortalContentURL=https%3a%2f%2fhronline.keybank.com%2fpsc%2fhrshrm%2fEMPLOYEE%2fHRMS%2fc%2fHRS_HRAM.HRS_CE.GBL%3fPage%3dHRS_CE_HM_PRE%26Action%3dA%26SiteId%3d1&PortalContentProvider=HRMS&PortalRegistryName=EMPLOYEE&PortalServletURI=https%3a%2f%2fapplicant.keybank.com%2fpsp%2fhrsappl%2f&PortalURI=https%3a%2f%2fapplicant.keybank.com%2fpsc%2fhrsappl%2f&PortalHostNode=EMPL&PortalIsPagelet=true&NoCrumbs=yes')
response.read()

response = opener.open('https://applicant.keybank.com/psc/hrsappl/EMPLOYEE/EMPL/s/WEBLIB_PTPPB.ISCRIPT2.FieldFormula.IScript_TemplatePageletBuilder?PTPPB_PAGELET_ID=KC_LNAV_APPLICANT&target=KCNV_KC_LNAV_APPLICANT_TMPL&Page=HRS_CE_HM_PRE&Action=A&SiteId=1&PortalActualURL=https%3a%2f%2fhronline.keybank.com%2fpsc%2fhrshrm%2fEMPLOYEE%2fHRMS%2fc%2fHRS_HRAM.HRS_CE.GBL%3fPage%3dHRS_CE_HM_PRE%26Action%3dA%26SiteId%3d1&PortalContentURL=https%3a%2f%2fhronline.keybank.com%2fpsc%2fhrshrm%2fEMPLOYEE%2fHRMS%2fc%2fHRS_HRAM.HRS_CE.GBL%3fPage%3dHRS_CE_HM_PRE%26Action%3dA%26SiteId%3d1&PortalContentProvider=HRMS&PortalRegistryName=EMPLOYEE&PortalServletURI=https%3a%2f%2fapplicant.keybank.com%2fpsp%2fhrsappl%2f&PortalURI=https%3a%2f%2fapplicant.keybank.com%2fpsc%2fhrsappl%2f&PortalHostNode=EMPL&PortalIsPagelet=true&NoCrumbs=yes&PortalTargetFrame=TargetContent')
response.read()

response = opener.open('https://hronline.keybank.com/psc/hrshrm/EMPLOYEE/HRMS/c/HRS_HRAM.HRS_CE.GBL?Page=HRS_CE_HM_PRE&Action=A&SiteId=1&PortalActualURL=https%3a%2f%2fhronline.keybank.com%2fpsc%2fhrshrm%2fEMPLOYEE%2fHRMS%2fc%2fHRS_HRAM.HRS_CE.GBL%3fPage%3dHRS_CE_HM_PRE%26Action%3dA%26SiteId%3d1&PortalContentURL=https%3a%2f%2fhronline.keybank.com%2fpsc%2fhrshrm%2fEMPLOYEE%2fHRMS%2fc%2fHRS_HRAM.HRS_CE.GBL%3fPage%3dHRS_CE_HM_PRE%26Action%3dA%26SiteId%3d1&PortalContentProvider=HRMS&PortalCRefLabel=Careers&PortalRegistryName=EMPLOYEE&PortalServletURI=https%3a%2f%2fapplicant.keybank.com%2fpsp%2fhrsappl%2f&PortalURI=https%3a%2f%2fapplicant.keybank.com%2fpsc%2fhrsappl%2f&PortalHostNode=EMPL&NoCrumbs=yes&PortalKeyStruct=yes')
required_html = response.read()

Answer 1

requests 可以处理 cookie，如您所见 here。 这是一个很棒的库，比 urllib2 强大得多，而且看起来更简单。

>>> import requests
>>> r = requests.get('https://applicant.keybank.com/psp/hrsappl/EMPLOYEE/HRMS/c/HRS_HRAM.HRS_CE.GBL?Page=HRS_CE_HM_PRE&Action=A&SiteId=1')
>>> r.cookies

编辑：这个答案并没有真正解决问题，我读得太快了。对于那个很抱歉。 正如@J.F.Sebastian 所建议的那样，我正在添加一个指向python webkit 客户端Ghost.py 的链接，它可以根据您的要求模拟浏览器。