Python + Selenium WebDriver：消息：元素不可交互

Question

我在将电子邮件输入以下网站时遇到问题：https://isapps.acxiom.com/optout/optout.aspx#section8。

这是我使用的代码：

from selenium import webdriver
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
import os
import time


def acxiom_DD_formfill(title, firstname, middlename, lastname, suffix, email):

    chrome_options = Options()
    chrome_options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
    chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')
    chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')
    chrome_options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ["enable-automation"])
    chrome_options.add_experimental_option('useAutomationExtension', False)
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
    driver.set_page_load_timeout(10)
    driver.set_window_size(1124, 850) # set browser size
    # link to data delete form
    print("opening data delete form")
    driver.get("https://isapps.acxiom.com/optout/optout.aspx#section8")
    #Select opt out segment: Following option values: "Mail", "Telemarketing", "Email"
    ele = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//select[@id='OptOutChoices2']/option[@value='Mail']") 
    driver.execute_script("arguments[0].click()",ele)
    print("dropdown selected")
    #Select identity: Following option values: "Myself", "Legal guardian", "Deceased person"
    WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//select[@id='Identity']/option[contains(text(),'Who is opting out?')]"))).click();
    #Select title: Following option values: "Mr.", "Mrs.", "Ms.", "Dr.", "Honorable", "Reverend", "Other"
    ele3 = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//select[@id='Title']/option[@value='Mr.']") 
    driver.execute_script("arguments[0].click()",ele3)
    driver.find_element_by_id("FirstName").send_keys(firstname) 
    driver.find_element_by_id("MiddleName").send_keys(middlename)
    driver.find_element_by_id("LastName").send_keys(lastname)
    driver.find_element_by_id("DDSuffix").send_keys(suffix) 
    driver.find_element_by_id("Email").send_keys(email) 
    # KEEP THIS DISABLED BC IT ACTUALLY SUBMITS 
    # driver.find_element_by_id("SubmitButton2").send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
    print("executed")
    time.sleep(4)
    driver.quit()
    return None

title = "Mr"
middlename = ""
firstname = "Joe"
lastname = "Musterman"
suffix = ""
email = "joe@musterman.com"
acxiom_DD_formfill(title, firstname, middlename, lastname, suffix, email)

我收到以下错误：

  Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "website-functions/acxiom.py", line 62, in <module>
    acxiom_DD_formfill(title, firstname, middlename, lastname, suffix, email)
  File "website-functions/acxiom.py", line 49, in acxiom_DD_formfill
    driver.find_element_by_id("Email").send_keys(email)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webelement.py", line 479, in send_keys
  'value': keys_to_typing(value)})
 File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webelement.py", line 633, in _execute 
        return self._parent.execute(command, params)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 321, in execute
        self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 242, in check_response
raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.ElementNotInteractableException: Message: element not interactable
      (Session info: headless chrome=80.0.3987.87)

这是我尝试访问的电子邮件字段的 HTML：

<div class="formsection " id="EmailSection">
                                <div id="EmailAddressPanel">

                                        <div onkeypress="javascript:return WebForm_FireDefaultButton(event, 'AddEmail2')">

                                            <div class="listPanel">
                                                <div id="EmailAddressInputGroup">
                                                    <table class="formsection-table">
                                                        <tbody><tr>
                                                            <td>
                                                                <input name="Email" type="email" maxlength="50" id="Email" class="form-control iEmail" placeholder="Email Address" novalidate="novalidate">
                                                            </td>
                                                            <td>
                                                                <span class="tooltip">
                                                                    <img src="images/img-question-mark-bubble.svg" alt="Email information">
                                                                    <span class="tooltiptext">Add all email address variations
                                                                    </span>
                                                                </span>
                                                            </td>
                                                            <td>
                                                                <input type="submit" name="AddEmail2" value="" onclick="javascript:WebForm_DoPostBackWithOptions(new WebForm_PostBackOptions(&quot;AddEmail2&quot;, &quot;&quot;, true, &quot;EMail&quot;, &quot;&quot;, false, false))" id="AddEmail2" title="Add Email Address to list" class="btn btn-formsection invisible" alternatetext="Add Email Address to list">
                                                            </td>
                                                        </tr>
                                                    </tbody></table>

                                                    <span id="EmailRegexValidator" class="error-message" style="display:none;">
                                                        Please enter a valid email address.
                                                    </span>
                                                    <span id="AllowedCharactersInEmailValidator" class="error-message" style="display:none;">
                                                        Invalid characters have been removed.
                                                    </span>
                                                    <span id="SingleValidEmailValidator" class="error-message" style="display:none;">
                                                        Please enter a single valid email address.
                                                    </span>
                                                    <span id="EmailNotAddedValidator" class="error-message" style="display:none;">
                                                        Click the <img src="images/close.svg"> button to add the email entered above or clear the field(s) before Submitting form.
                                                    </span>
                                                    <span id="MaxEmailEntriesValidator" class="error-message" style="display:none;"></span>
                                                </div>
                                                <span id="OneEmailRequiredValidator" class="error-message" style="display:none;">
                                                    Please add at least one email address.
                                                </span>
                                                <div>

            </div>
                                            </div>

        </div>

    </div>
                            </div>

我需要与以下 HTML 元素交互是否正确？

<input name="Email" type="email" maxlength="50" id="Email" class="form-control iEmail" placeholder="Email Address" novalidate="novalidate">

感谢您的帮助！

Answer 1

您收到错误的原因是因为您的第一个下拉列表未选择值电子邮件，因此未生成电子邮件字段。您需要从下拉列表中选择电子邮件。试试下面的代码。

from selenium import webdriver
#from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
import os
import time


def acxiom_DD_formfill(title, firstname, middlename, lastname, suffix, email):

    chrome_options = Options()
    chrome_options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
    chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')
    chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')
    chrome_options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ["enable-automation"])
    chrome_options.add_experimental_option('useAutomationExtension', False)
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
    driver.set_page_load_timeout(10)
    driver.set_window_size(1124, 850) # set browser size
    # link to data delete form
    print("opening data delete form")
    driver.get("https://isapps.acxiom.com/optout/optout.aspx#section8")
    WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR,"div.ss-values"))).click()
    WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "div.ss-values"))).click()
    WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//div[@class='ss-option' and contains(.,'Email')]"))).click()
    print("dropdown selected")
    #Select identity: Following option values: "Myself", "Legal guardian", "Deceased person"
    WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//select[@id='Identity']/option[contains(text(),'Who is opting out?')]"))).click();
    #Select title: Following option values: "Mr.", "Mrs.", "Ms.", "Dr.", "Honorable", "Reverend", "Other"
    ele3 = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//select[@id='Title']/option[@value='Mr.']")
    driver.execute_script("arguments[0].click()",ele3)
    driver.find_element_by_id("FirstName").send_keys(firstname)
    driver.find_element_by_id("MiddleName").send_keys(middlename)
    driver.find_element_by_id("LastName").send_keys(lastname)
    driver.find_element_by_id("DDSuffix").send_keys(suffix)
    WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID,'Email'))).send_keys(email)
    #driver.find_element_by_id("Email").send_keys(email)
    # KEEP THIS DISABLED BC IT ACTUALLY SUBMITS
    # driver.find_element_by_id("SubmitButton2").send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
    print("executed")
    time.sleep(10)
    driver.quit()
    return None

title = "Mr"
middlename = ""
firstname = "Joe"
lastname = "Musterman"
suffix = ""
email = "joe@musterman.com"
acxiom_DD_formfill(title, firstname, middlename, lastname, suffix, email)

Answer 2

另一种解决方案：

from selenium import webdriver
#from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
import os
import time


def acxiom_DD_formfill(title, firstname, middlename, lastname, suffix, email):
    chrome_options = Options()
    chrome_options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
    chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')
    chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')
    chrome_options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ["enable-automation"])
    chrome_options.add_experimental_option('useAutomationExtension', False)
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
    driver.set_page_load_timeout(10)
    driver.set_window_size(1124, 850) # set browser size
    # link to data delete form
    print("opening data delete form")
    driver.get("https://isapps.acxiom.com/optout/optout.aspx#section8")
    #Select opt out segment: Following option values: "Mail", "Telemarketing", "Email"

    dropdown=WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, "ss-multi-selected")))
    dropdown.click()
    WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.visibility_of_all_elements_located((By.CLASS_NAME,'ss-option')))
    list_options = driver.find_elements_by_class_name('ss-option')
    list_options[2].click()

    print("dropdown selected")
    #Select identity: Following option values: "Myself", "Legal guardian", "Deceased person"
    identity_dropdown = driver.find_element_by_id('Identity')
    select = Select(identity_dropdown)
    select.select_by_value('Submitter')

    #Select title: Following option values: "Mr.", "Mrs.", "Ms.", "Dr.", "Honorable", "Reverend", "Other"
    title_dropdown=driver.find_element_by_id('Title')
    select = Select(title_dropdown)
    select.select_by_value(title)

    driver.find_element_by_id("FirstName").send_keys(firstname)
    driver.find_element_by_id("MiddleName").send_keys(middlename)
    driver.find_element_by_id("LastName").send_keys(lastname)
    driver.find_element_by_id("DDSuffix").send_keys(suffix)
    driver.find_element_by_id("Email").send_keys(email)
    # KEEP THIS DISABLED BC IT ACTUALLY SUBMITS
    # driver.find_element_by_id("SubmitButton2").send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
    print("executed")
    time.sleep(4)
    driver.quit()
    return None

title = "Mr."
middlename = ""
firstname = "Joe"
lastname = "Musterman"
suffix = ""
email = "joe@musterman.com"
acxiom_DD_formfill(title, firstname, middlename, lastname, suffix, email)

一些注意事项：

• 我发现 execute_script 方法在两个 Optout 下拉列表中都失败了 和标题下拉菜单（至少在我的机器上）。
• 我添加了“谁选择退出”选择实施。
• 由于特定的 DOM 结构，webdriver Select 方法 选择退出列表是不可能的，但对于 谁选择退出和标题列表（见上文）。
• 至少在创建脚本/调试时，最好不要 在--headless 模式下运行。这样你就可以看到你的脚本 实际上在网页上确实如此，它可能会帮助您更好地理解 你得到的错误（这个问题就是一个很好的例子）