从文本中的缩写中查找首字母缩写词

Question

我有一个首字母缩略词列表，我想做的是在文本中找到它们的定义，然后将它们放入字典中。我已经编写了一个代码，但是是硬编码的并且不会产生想要的结果。我希望我的最终结果是这样的。

 {'NBA': ' National Basketball Association', 'NCAA': 'National Collegiate Athletic Association'}

代码：

dict = {}
full_form = ' '
s = " NBA  comes from the words National Basketball Association is a men's professional basketball league in North America, composed of 30 teams. On the other hand NCAA stands for The National Collegiate Athletic Association"


acro = ['NBA', 'NCAA']

for char in range(len(acro)):
    for n,word in enumerate (list_str):
        if acro[char][0] == word[0] and word not in acro:
            full_form += word + ' '
            print(full_form)
            if acro[char][1] == list_str[n+1][0] and word not in acro:
                print(list_str[n+1])
                full_form += list_str[n+1] + ' '
                if acro[char][2] == list_str[n+2][0] and word not in acro:
                    full_form += list_str[n+2] + ''
                    d[acro[char]] = full_form
print(d)
out: {'NBA': ' National Basketball Association', 'NCAA': ' National Basketball AssociationNorth National National North National Collegiate Athletic'}

任何有关如何在 pythonic wat 中实现预期结果的帮助将不胜感激。

Answer 1

以下是如何应用正则表达式的简单示例：

import re

s = " NBA  comes from the words National Basketball Association is a men's professional basketball league in North America, composed of 30 teams. On the other hand NCAA stands for The National Collegiate Athletic Association"
acro = ['NBA', 'NCAA', 'STFU']

patterns = [f'({a}).+?({" ".join(c + "[a-z]+" for c in a)})(?: |$)' for a in acro]
# python 3.8
result = dict(m.groups() for p in patterns if (m := re.search(p, s)))
# lower versions
result = dict(m.groups() for m in (re.search(p, s) for p in patterns) if m)

Here 是为'NCAA' 生成的正则表达式示例：

(NCAA).+(N[a-z]+ C[a-z]+ A[a-z]+ A[a-z]+)(?: |$)