如何将 postgresql 字段名输出到字典中，而不仅仅是在 python 中输出列名？答案

【问题标题】：How to output postgresql field names into dictionary instead of just outputting the column names in python?如何将 postgresql 字段名输出到字典中，而不仅仅是在 python 中输出列名？
【发布时间】：2018-08-14 14:29:52
【问题描述】：

我有一个 sql 查询，我想将 postgresql 字段名输出到字典中，而不是只在 python 中输出列名？有谁知道这是怎么做到的吗？非常感谢您的帮助！

'''SELECT c.id, x509_commonName(c.certificate), x509_issuerName(c.certificate), x509_notBefore(c.certificate), x509_notAfter(c.certificate), x509_issuerName(c.certificate), x509_keyAlgorithm(c.certificate), x509_keySize(c.certificate), x509_publicKeyMD5(c.certificate), x509_publicKey(c.certificate), x509_rsaModulus(c.certificate), x509_serialNumber(c.certificate), x509_signatureHashAlgorithm(c.certificate), x509_signatureKeyAlgorithm(c.certificate), x509_subjectName(c.certificate), x509_name(c.certificate), x509_name_print(c.certificate), x509_commonName(c.certificate), x509_subjectKeyIdentifier(c.certificate), x509_extKeyUsages(c.certificate), x509_certPolicies(c.certificate), x509_canIssueCerts(c.certificate), x509_getPathLenConstraint(c.certificate), x509_altNames(c.certificate), x509_altNames_raw(c.certificate), x509_cRLDistributionPoints(c.certificate), x509_authorityInfoAccess(c.certificate), x509_print(c.certificate), x509_anyNamesWithNULs(c.certificate), x509_extensions(c.certificate), x509_tbscert_strip_ct_ext(c.certificate), x509_hasROCAFingerprint(c.certificate)
                        FROM certificate c, certificate_identity ci WHERE
                        c.id= ci.certificate_id AND ci.name_type = 'dNSName' AND lower(ci.name_value) =
                        lower(%s) AND x509_notAfter(c.certificate) > statement_timestamp()''', (domain_name,))

【问题讨论】：

你能提供sql的样子吗？你有输入数据吗？涉及多少个领域？
@mad_ 感谢您的帮助！我现在已经在我的原始帖子中包含了我的 sql 语句。非常感谢您的帮助！
您使用的是哪个驱动程序？你试过什么了？如果您使用 psycopg，那么值得一试initd.org/psycopg/docs/extras.html
@mad_ 感谢您的回复！我正在使用 psycopg2

标签： python sql python-3.x postgresql dictionary

【解决方案1】：

就像@mad_ 建议的那样，这应该可行：

你需要先建立一个连接，然后使用该连接你就可以跟随

SQL = '''
    SELECT c.id, x509_commonName(c.certificate) as common_name, 
          x509_issuerName(c.certificate) as issuer_name, 
          x509_notBefore(c.certificate) as not_before
    FROM certificate c, certificate_identity ci 
    WHERE c.id = ci.certificate_id 
         AND ci.name_type = 'dNSName' 
         AND lower(ci.name_value) = lower(%s) 
         AND x509_notAfter(c.certificate) > statement_timestamp()
'''
cursor = conn.cursor(cursor_factory=psycopg2.extras.DictCursor)
cursor.execute(SQL, (domain_name,))
# This will contain a list [{'id': 1, 'common_name': 'something...', ....}]
your_dict_data = cursor.fetchall()

但如果你只是想以某种表格格式显示它，我建议你改用NamedTupleCursor。

cursor = conn.cursor(cursor_factory=psycopg2.extras.NamedTupleCursor)
cursor.execute(SQL, (domain_name,))

for certificate in cursor.fetchall():
    print(certificate.id)
    print(certificate.common_name)
    print(certificate.issuer_name)

我删除了你的很多列比什么都重要，因为浏览所有列并重命名它们会很耗时.. 所以.. 我把任务留给你

【讨论】：

这应该可行...什么应该可行？请向 OP 和未来的读者解释您采用的解决方案。