ValueError：带有 ast.literal_eval() 的节点或字符串格式错误答案

【问题标题】：ValueError: malformed node or string with ast.literal_eval()ValueError：带有 ast.literal_eval() 的节点或字符串格式错误
【发布时间】：2018-01-09 00:50:27
【问题描述】：

我只是想将二进制文件解析为 Python。这是我的程序的代码：

try:
    with open('saves/temp/data.bin', 'r') as file:
        confirmed_data = json.load(file)
except:
    pass

confirmed_mode = confirmed_data[0]
confirmed_location = confirmed_data[1]
confirmed_units_data = confirmed_data[2]
confirmed_units = ast.literal_eval(confirmed_units_data)
confirmed_unit_quantities_data = confirmed_data[3]
confirmed_unit_quantities = ast.literal_eval(confirmed_unit_quantities_data)

我尝试了以下 data.bin 并且效果很好：

["PLANETARY", "Naboo", "{'Optimal': [], 'Default': ['B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids']}", "{'B1 Battle Droids': 100}"]

但是，当我尝试下面的数据时，它不起作用，我不知道为什么，因为它与我上面使用的数据基本相同，并且成功了：

["PLANETARY", "Kamino", {"Optimal": ["Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids"], "Default": ["B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids"]}, {"Aqua Droids": 60, "B1 Battle Droids": 40}]

我查看了类似的 SO 问题，但没有发现可以解决我的问题。我检查了 data.bin 是否有任何不是 Python 文字 的内容（即十进制数据类型或变量名），但什么也没找到。我不确定为什么第一个有效而第二个无效。我正在使用 Python 3.6。

【问题讨论】：

当您执行json.loads 时，您已经将数据评估为数据类型。似乎您可能正在尝试对字符串以外的东西执行literal_eval。如果你把你发布的内容的字符串ast.literal_eval 工作正常。
你给出的两个例子非常不同！在第一种情况下，大部分数据被引用为字符串；在第二种情况下，整个文档是 JSON。
啊，我明白了！ @DanielPryden 谢谢。我只是编写了一个子例程，可以区分两组数据之间的差异，并对大部分用引号括起来的那一组执行 ast.literal_eval() 并留下一个没有
@Arbiter：如果你写了一个解决方案，你应该把它作为这个问题的答案发布。
@DanielPryden 我已经发布了我的解决方案作为对这个问题的回答。谢谢

标签： python json python-3.x dictionary binaryfiles

【解决方案1】：

正如 Daniel Pryden 在 cmets 中提到的，数据是不同的。第一个 bin 的某些部分被引用为字符串，而第二个 bin 是标准 JSON。

我首先想出了一种对两个不同文件进行分类的方法。我发现完整的 JSON 是默认手动生成的，部分字符串是从配置文件生成的。

因此，我在配置文件中添加了一个 'config' 标志，

["PLANETARY", "Naboo", "{'Optimal': [], 'Default': ['B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids', 'B1 Battle Droids']}", "{'B1 Battle Droids': 100}", "config"]

以及默认文件的“手动”标志，

["PLANETARY", "Kamino", {"Optimal": ["Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids", "Aqua Droids"], "Default": ["B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids", "B1 Battle Droids"]}, {"Aqua Droids": 60, "B1 Battle Droids": 40}, "manual"]

然后我使用以下代码使用标志识别配置文件之一，并在文件的字符串部分执行ast.literal_eval。如果使用手动文件，则跳过此步骤并按原样使用标准 JSON。

import ast

try:
    with open('saves/temp/data.bin', 'r') as file:
        confirmed_data = json.load(file)
except:
    pass

confirmed_mode = confirmed_data[0]
confirmed_location = confirmed_data[1]

if confirmed_data[4] == 'config':
    confirmed_units_data = confirmed_data[2]
    confirmed_units = ast.literal_eval(confirmed_units_data)
    confirmed_unit_quantities_data = confirmed_data[3]
    confirmed_unit_quantities = ast.literal_eval(confirmed_unit_quantities_data)
else:
    confirmed_units = confirmed_data[2]
    confirmed_unit_quantities = confirmed_data[3]

【讨论】：