如何使用硒单击html中的文本？

Question

我有这样的地区名称：Anantapur、Chittoor 等。我有 13 个地区。我必须点击每个区。这就是 HTML 的样子：

</tr>
<tr class="gridRowStyle" align="center" style="color:#000066;">
    <td>
                                        1
    </td>
    <td align="left">
        <a id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_Grid_Dist_ctl02_lnkbtnDist" href="javascript:__doPostBack('ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$Grid_Dist$ctl02$lnkbtnDist','')">Anantapur</a>
    </td>
    <td align="right">
        <span id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_Grid_Dist_ctl02_lblDman">63</span>
    </td>
    <td align="right">
        <span id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_Grid_Dist_ctl02_lblMvill">2856</span>
    </td>
    <td align="right">
        <span id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_Grid_Dist_ctl02_lblMcon">215441</span>
    </td>
    <td align="right">
        <span id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_Grid_Dist_ctl02_lblDNExist">49681</span>
    </td>
    <td align="right">
        <span id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_Grid_Dist_ctl02_lblDExist">165760</span>
    </td>
    <td align="right">
        <span id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_Grid_Dist_ctl02_lblMupcon">215437</span>
    </td>
    <td align="right">
        <span id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_Grid_Dist_ctl02_lblPer">100.00</span>
    </td>
</tr>
<tr class="gridAlterRowStyle" align="center" style="color:#000066;">
    <td>
                                        2
    </td>
    <td align="left">
        <a id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_Grid_Dist_ctl03_lnkbtnDist" href="javascript:__doPostBack('ctl00$ContentPlaceHolder1$Grid_Dist$ctl03$lnkbtnDist','')">Chittoor</a>

我尝试过 Selenium 来点击文本，但不知何故我无法做到。

Python

a=[2,14]
for i in a:
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//table[@id='ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_Grid_Dist']//tr[i]//td[2]").click()
driver.execute_script("window.history.go(-1)")

我需要单击文本 Anantapur、Chittoor 等。但它不起作用。仅供参考：这是网站：http://65.19.149.160/gws/reports.aspx

Answer 1

1. 考虑使用更清晰的 XPath 定位器，因为这些 //tr[i]//td[2] 不可读且非常脆弱，在最小的DOM 更改的情况下定位器将变得无效。我建议坚持使用部分id attribute，例如：

   //a[contains(@id,'lnkbtnDist')]
   

   查看以下材料以掌握 XPath：

   • XPath Tutorial
   • XPath Axes
   • XPath Operators & Functions

2. 一旦您离开页面并返回，所有WebElements 都将失效，您必须再次找到它们。为避免这种情况，您可以使用 list comprehension 并将 WebElements 列表转换为字符串列表（地区名称）

   districts = [link.text for link in driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//a[contains(@id,'lnkbtnDist')]")]
   

3. 假设以上所有你可以修改你的代码看起来像：

   driver.get("http://65.19.149.160/gws/reports.aspx")
   
   districts = [link.text for link in driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//a[contains(@id,'lnkbtnDist')]")]
   
   for district in districts:
       driver.find_element_by_link_text(district).click()
       driver.execute_script("window.history.go(-1)")
   

Answer 2

了解更多关于您卡在哪里的信息将有助于我们以更好的方式回答这个问题。但是，所需的元素是启用了JavaScript 的元素，因此要在您需要为所需的element_to_be_clickable() 诱导WebDriverWait 的元素上使用click()，您可以使用以下Locator Strategies：

• 代码块：

  from selenium import webdriver
  from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
  from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
  from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
  chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions() 
  chrome_options.add_argument("start-maximized")
  # chrome_options.add_argument('disable-infobars')
  driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options, executable_path=r'C:\Utility\BrowserDrivers\chromedriver.exe')
  base_url = "http://65.19.149.160/gws/reports.aspx"
  driver.get(base_url)
  WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.LINK_TEXT, "Anantapur"))).click()
  print("Data from Anantapur district")
  driver.get(base_url)
  WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.LINK_TEXT, "Chittoor"))).click()
  print("Data from Chittoor district")
  

• 控制台输出：

  Data from Anantapur district
  Data from Chittoor district
  

Answer 3

点击每个District名称 首先，您需要获取网络表上可用的总区数，然后 iterate 每个区并单击。单击将其链接到 navigates 到 new page，因此您需要使用 driver.back() 返回初始页面并继续。

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

driver=webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("http://65.19.149.160/gws/reports.aspx")

Districts=WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.presence_of_all_elements_located((By.XPATH,"//table[@id='ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_Grid_Dist']//a[contains(@id,'ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_Grid_Dist_ctl')]")))

for d in range(len(Districts)):
  Districts = WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_all_elements_located((By.XPATH,"//table[@id='ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_Grid_Dist']//a[contains(@id,'ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_Grid_Dist_ctl')]")))
  print("District Name clicked :" + Districts[d].text)
  Districts[d].click()
  driver.back()

控制台输出：

District Name clicked :Anantapur
District Name clicked :Chittoor
District Name clicked :East Godavari
District Name clicked :Guntur
District Name clicked :Kadapa
District Name clicked :Krishna
District Name clicked :Kurnool
District Name clicked :Nellore
District Name clicked :Prakasam
District Name clicked :Srikakulam
District Name clicked :Visakhapatnam
District Name clicked :Vizianagaram
District Name clicked :West Godavari