如何通过 Selenium 和 Python 使用用户代理在 youtube 评论中单击 youtube 链接

Question

我正在学习 python selenium，我想点击 youtube 评论中的 youtube 链接，有人可以帮我吗？

示例：URL

HTML：

<a class="yt-simple-endpoint style-scope yt-formatted-string" spellcheck="false" href="/watch?v=PbLtyVcMrk0">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PbLtyVcMrk0</a>

代码试验：

from selenium import webdriver
from fake_useragent import UserAgent
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

ua = UserAgent()
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
userAgent = ua.random
print(userAgent)
options.add_argument('user-agent={userAgent}')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)
driver.get("https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NIWwJbo-9_8&lc=UgwNBxYVXb6uiVTioPB4AaABAg")
WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//a[@class='yt-uix-sessionlink  ' and contains(@href, '/watch?v=PbLtyVcMrk0')]"))).click()

Answer 1

你已经很接近了。要在url 中单击带有文本为 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PbLtyVcMrk0 的所需评论，您需要诱导 WebDriverWait 以使 元素可点击 和您可以通过 Selenium 和 Python 使用 useragent 来使用以下解决方案：

• 代码块：

  from selenium import webdriver
  from fake_useragent import UserAgent
  from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
  from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
  from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
  
  ua = UserAgent()
  options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
  userAgent = ua.random
  print(userAgent)
  options.add_argument('user-agent=' + userAgent)
  driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)
  driver.get("https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NIWwJbo-9_8&lc=UgwNBxYVXb6uiVTioPB4AaABAg")
  WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//a[@class='yt-uix-sessionlink       spf-link ' and contains(@href, '/watch?v=PbLtyVcMrk0')]"))).click()
  

• 控制台输出：

  Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/37.0.2049.0 Safari/537.36
  

Answer 2

问题出在你的 xpath 上，你实现的执行点击操作的逻辑也可以像这样更细化：

from selenium import webdriver
from fake_useragent import UserAgent
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

ua = UserAgent()
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
userAgent = ua.random
print(userAgent)
options.add_argument('user-agent={userAgent}')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)    
driver.get("https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NIWwJbo-9_8&lc=UgwNBxYVXb6uiVTioPB4AaABAg")
WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "yt-formatted-string[class*='ytd-comment-renderer'][id='content-text']>a")))
clickLinks = driver.find_elements_by_css_selector("yt-formatted-string[class*='ytd-comment-renderer'][id='content-text']>a")
for element in clickLinks:
    if 'youtube' in element.text:
        element.click()

希望这会有所帮助。