在Python中的字符串列表中提取特定字符串[重复]答案

【问题标题】：Extract specific string in a list of string in Python [duplicate]在Python中的字符串列表中提取特定字符串[重复]
【发布时间】：2021-07-19 11:53:09
【问题描述】：

我有一个字符串列表：

List = ["A: I want to do something cool!|B: Really? What is that?|A: Lets me show you.", "A: How do you think about it?!|B: It's not bad|A: Thank you. What do you up to?|B: I have no idea. Lets hangaround|B: or maybe we can go for a drink."]

我想将信息提取到 2 个单独的列表中，每个列表都包含 A 和 B 的内容。

例如：

List_A = ['A: I want to do something cool!', 'A: Lets me show you.', 'A: How do you think about it?!', 'A: Thank you. What do you up to?']

List_B = ['B: Really? What is that?', 'B: It's not bad', 'I have no idea. Lets hangaround', 'B: or maybe we can go for a drink.']

有没有办法在 Python 中执行任务？非常感谢您的帮助！

【问题讨论】：

标签： python string nlp

【解决方案1】：

尝试使用列表推导：

List = sum([i.split('|') for i in List], [])
List_A = [i for i in List if i[0] == "A"]
List_B = [i for i in List if i[0] == "B"]

现在：

print(List_A)

应该是：

['A: I want to do something cool!', 'A: Lets me show you.', 'A: How do you think about it?!', 'A: Thank you. What do you up to?']

还有：

print(List_B)

应该是：

['B: Really? What is that?', "B: It's not bad", 'B: I have no idea. Lets hangaround', 'B: or maybe we can go for a drink.']

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

您可以拆分| 上的每个字符串，遍历每个句子并根据每个句子的第一个字母将它们添加到字典中。

from collections import defaultdict

d = defaultdict(list)
for line in data:
    split = line.split("|")
    for sentence in split:
        key = sentence[0]
        d[key].append(sentence)

print(d["A"])
>> ['A: I want to do something cool!',
 'A: Lets me show you.',
 'A: How do you think about it?!',
 'A: Thank you. What do you up to?']

print(d["B"])
>> ['B: Really? What is that?',
 "B: It's not bad",
 'B: I have no idea. Lets hangaround',
 'B: or maybe we can go for a drink.']

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

一个简单的解决方案 -

list1 = []
list2 = []
for j in List:
    for i in j.split('|'):
        if i.startswith('A'):
            list1.append(i)

        if i.startswith('B'):
            list2.append(i)


print(list1)
print()
print(list2)

结果：

['A: I want to do something cool!', 'A: Lets me show you.', 'A: How do you think about it?!', 'A: Thank you. What do you up to?']

['B: Really? What is that?', "B: It's not bad", 'B: I have no idea. Lets hangaround', 'B: or maybe we can go for a drink.']

您可以改用列表推导。但它被其他用户回答了

【讨论】：