Python - 生成单数名词的复数名词

Question

如何使用 NLTK 模块来编写名词的单数和复数形式，或者告诉它在 txt 文件中搜索单词时不要区分单数和复数？我可以使用 NLTK 使程序不区分大小写吗？

Answer 1

你可以使用pattern.en来做到这一点，不太确定NLTK

>>> from pattern.en import pluralize, singularize
>>>  
>>> print pluralize('child') #children
>>> print singularize('wolves') #wolf

见more

Answer 2

这是使用 NLTK 的一种可能方法。假设您正在搜索“功能”这个词：

from nltk.stem import WordNetLemmatizer
from nltk.tokenize import word_tokenize

wnl = WordNetLemmatizer()
text = "This is a small text, a very small text with no interesting features."
tokens = [token.lower() for token in word_tokenize(text)]
lemmatized_words = [wnl.lemmatize(token) for token in tokens]
'feature' in lemmatized_words

在所有单词中都使用str.lower() 处理了区分大小写的问题，当然，如果需要，您还必须对搜索词进行词形还原。

Answer 3

当前编写的模式不支持 Python 3（尽管在此处https://github.com/clips/pattern/issues/62 对此进行了持续讨论。

TextBlob https://textblob.readthedocs.io 建立在模式和 NLTK 之上，还包括复数功能。它似乎在这方面做得很好，尽管它并不完美。请参阅下面的示例代码。

from textblob import TextBlob
words = "cat dog child goose pants"
blob = TextBlob(words)
plurals = [word.pluralize() for word in blob.words]
print(plurals)
# >>> ['cats', 'dogs', 'children', 'geese', 'pantss']

Answer 4

回答可能有点晚，但以防万一有人还在寻找类似的东西：

有支持 python 2.x 和 3.x 的 inflect（也可在 github 中找到）。 您可以找到给定单词的单数或复数形式：

import inflect
p = inflect.engine()

words = "cat dog child goose pants"
print([p.plural(word) for word in words.split(' ')])
# ['cats', 'dogs', 'children', 'geese', 'pant']

值得注意的是，复数的p.plural 会给你单数 形式。 此外，您可以提供一个 POS（词性）标签或提供一个数字，lib 确定它需要是复数还是单数：

p.plural('cat', 4)   # cats
p.plural('cat', 1)   # cat
# but also...
p.plural('cat', 0)   # cats

Answer 5

我尝试了以下代码调整变形库，希望对您有所帮助。

import inflect

inflectEngine = inflect.engine()

def getSingular(word):
    return word if not inflectEngine.singular_noun(word) else inflectEngine.singular_noun(word)


def getPlural(word):
    word = getSingular(word)
    return word if not inflectEngine.plural_noun(word) else inflectEngine.plural_noun(word)

########################################################
##################### Testing Area #####################
######################## Output ########################

# UNCONDITIONALLY FORM THE PLURAL
singularWord1 = "dog"
singularWord2 = "horse"
singularWord3 = "terretory"
pluralWord1 = "books"
pluralWord2 = "hotels"
pluralWord3 = "categories"

print("The plural/singular conversion : ", singularWord1, " => ", inflectEngine.plural(singularWord1))
print("The plural/singular conversion : ", singularWord2, " => ", inflectEngine.plural(singularWord2))
print("The plural/singular conversion : ", singularWord3, " => ", inflectEngine.plural(singularWord3))
print("The plural/singular conversion : ", pluralWord1, " => ", inflectEngine.plural(pluralWord1))
print("The plural/singular conversion : ", pluralWord2, " => ", inflectEngine.plural(pluralWord2))
print("The plural/singular conversion : ", pluralWord3, " => ", inflectEngine.plural(pluralWord3))
print("")

######################## Output ########################
# The plural/singular conversion :  dog  =>  dogs
# The plural/singular conversion :  horse  =>  horses
# The plural/singular conversion :  terretory  =>  terretories
# The plural/singular conversion :  books  =>  book
# The plural/singular conversion :  hotels  =>  hotel
# The plural/singular conversion :  categories  =>  category 
#########################################################

print("The singular conversion")
print(getSingular(singularWord1))
print(getSingular(singularWord2))
print(getSingular(singularWord3))
print(getSingular(pluralWord1))
print(getSingular(pluralWord2))
print(getSingular(pluralWord3))
print("")

######################## Output ########################
# The singular conversion
# dog
# horse
# terretory
# book
# hotel
# category
#########################################################

print("The plural conversion")
print(getPlural(singularWord1))
print(getPlural(singularWord2))
print(getPlural(singularWord3))
print(getPlural(pluralWord1))
print(getPlural(pluralWord2))
print(getPlural(pluralWord3))
print("")

######################## Output ########################
# The plural conversion
# dogs
# horses
# terretories
# books
# hotels
# categories
#########################################################

# CONDITIONALLY FORM THE PLURAL
count = 1
print("I saw", count, inflectEngine.plural(singularWord1, count))

count = 5
print("I saw", count, inflectEngine.plural(singularWord1, count))

######################## Output ########################
# I saw 1 dog
# I saw 5 dogs
#########################################################