我有一个动态网页，我需要在另一个 javascript 文件中导入一个外部 JS 文件（在 IF 条件下）。
我试图寻找可行的解决方案，但没有奏效。
我曾尝试使用document.createElement() 将 JS 文件加载到 DOM，但它也没有成功。显然 Js 已加载到 DOM 中，但在当前 JS 文件中无法访问。
jQuery 中的解决方案也可以
【问题讨论】：
标签： javascript jquery
我的猜测是，在您的仅 DOM 解决方案中，您执行了以下操作：
var script = document.createElement('script');
script.src = something;
//do stuff with the script
首先，这是行不通的，因为脚本没有添加到文档树中，所以它不会被加载。此外，即使您这样做了，在加载其他脚本时仍会继续执行 javascript，因此在该脚本完全加载之前，您将无法使用其内容。
您可以收听脚本的load 事件，并按照您的意愿处理结果。所以：
var script = document.createElement('script');
script.onload = function () {
//do stuff with the script
};
script.src = something;
document.head.appendChild(script); //or something of the likes
【讨论】：
onload属性source之后设置src属性
onload 之后？只在appendchild 之前设置src 还不够吗？
src 之前首先在页面上放置元素更为常见，主要是在您想要动态更改 src 的所有情况中，例如img标签之类的。所以我认为更好的做法是习惯将src放在onload之后
jQuery 的 $.getScript() 有时会出错，所以我使用我自己的实现，例如：
jQuery.loadScript = function (url, callback) {
jQuery.ajax({
url: url,
dataType: 'script',
success: callback,
async: true
});
}
并像这样使用它：
if (typeof someObject == 'undefined') $.loadScript('url_to_someScript.js', function(){
//Stuff to do after someScript has loaded
});
【讨论】：
evaled
fail() 中抓住他们。
我需要经常这样做，所以我用这个：
var loadJS = function(url, implementationCode, location){
//url is URL of external file, implementationCode is the code
//to be called from the file, location is the location to
//insert the <script> element
var scriptTag = document.createElement('script');
scriptTag.src = url;
scriptTag.onload = implementationCode;
scriptTag.onreadystatechange = implementationCode;
location.appendChild(scriptTag);
};
var yourCodeToBeCalled = function(){
//your code goes here
}
loadJS('yourcode.js', yourCodeToBeCalled, document.body);
更多信息请看本站How do I include a JavaScript file in another JavaScript file?，这是我的函数思路的来源。
【讨论】：
onload。
您可以在页面内动态加载 js 而不是另一个 js 文件。
你必须使用getScript来加载js文件。
$.getScript("ajax/test.js", function(data, textStatus, jqxhr) {
console.log(data); // data returned
console.log(textStatus); // success
console.log(jqxhr.status); // 200
console.log('Load was performed.');
});
【讨论】：
亡灵术。
我用它来加载依赖脚本；
它适用于 IE8+，而无需添加对 jQuery 等其他库的任何依赖！
var cScriptLoader = (function ()
{
function cScriptLoader(files)
{
var _this = this;
this.log = function (t)
{
console.log("ScriptLoader: " + t);
};
this.withNoCache = function (filename)
{
if (filename.indexOf("?") === -1)
filename += "?no_cache=" + new Date().getTime();
else
filename += "&no_cache=" + new Date().getTime();
return filename;
};
this.loadStyle = function (filename)
{
// HTMLLinkElement
var link = document.createElement("link");
link.rel = "stylesheet";
link.type = "text/css";
link.href = _this.withNoCache(filename);
_this.log('Loading style ' + filename);
link.onload = function ()
{
_this.log('Loaded style "' + filename + '".');
};
link.onerror = function ()
{
_this.log('Error loading style "' + filename + '".');
};
_this.m_head.appendChild(link);
};
this.loadScript = function (i)
{
var script = document.createElement('script');
script.type = 'text/javascript';
script.src = _this.withNoCache(_this.m_js_files[i]);
var loadNextScript = function ()
{
if (i + 1 < _this.m_js_files.length)
{
_this.loadScript(i + 1);
}
};
script.onload = function ()
{
_this.log('Loaded script "' + _this.m_js_files[i] + '".');
loadNextScript();
};
script.onerror = function ()
{
_this.log('Error loading script "' + _this.m_js_files[i] + '".');
loadNextScript();
};
_this.log('Loading script "' + _this.m_js_files[i] + '".');
_this.m_head.appendChild(script);
};
this.loadFiles = function ()
{
// this.log(this.m_css_files);
// this.log(this.m_js_files);
for (var i = 0; i < _this.m_css_files.length; ++i)
_this.loadStyle(_this.m_css_files[i]);
_this.loadScript(0);
};
this.m_js_files = [];
this.m_css_files = [];
this.m_head = document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0];
// this.m_head = document.head; // IE9+ only
function endsWith(str, suffix)
{
if (str === null || suffix === null)
return false;
return str.indexOf(suffix, str.length - suffix.length) !== -1;
}
for (var i = 0; i < files.length; ++i)
{
if (endsWith(files[i], ".css"))
{
this.m_css_files.push(files[i]);
}
else if (endsWith(files[i], ".js"))
{
this.m_js_files.push(files[i]);
}
else
this.log('Error unknown filetype "' + files[i] + '".');
}
}
return cScriptLoader;
})();
var ScriptLoader = new cScriptLoader(["foo.css", "Scripts/Script4.js", "foobar.css", "Scripts/Script1.js", "Scripts/Script2.js", "Scripts/Script3.js"]);
ScriptLoader.loadFiles();
如果您对用于创建此内容的typescript-version 感兴趣：
class cScriptLoader {
private m_js_files: string[];
private m_css_files: string[];
private m_head:HTMLHeadElement;
private log = (t:any) =>
{
console.log("ScriptLoader: " + t);
}
constructor(files: string[]) {
this.m_js_files = [];
this.m_css_files = [];
this.m_head = document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0];
// this.m_head = document.head; // IE9+ only
function endsWith(str:string, suffix:string):boolean
{
if(str === null || suffix === null)
return false;
return str.indexOf(suffix, str.length - suffix.length) !== -1;
}
for(let i:number = 0; i < files.length; ++i)
{
if(endsWith(files[i], ".css"))
{
this.m_css_files.push(files[i]);
}
else if(endsWith(files[i], ".js"))
{
this.m_js_files.push(files[i]);
}
else
this.log('Error unknown filetype "' + files[i] +'".');
}
}
public withNoCache = (filename:string):string =>
{
if(filename.indexOf("?") === -1)
filename += "?no_cache=" + new Date().getTime();
else
filename += "&no_cache=" + new Date().getTime();
return filename;
}
public loadStyle = (filename:string) =>
{
// HTMLLinkElement
let link = document.createElement("link");
link.rel = "stylesheet";
link.type = "text/css";
link.href = this.withNoCache(filename);
this.log('Loading style ' + filename);
link.onload = () =>
{
this.log('Loaded style "' + filename + '".');
};
link.onerror = () =>
{
this.log('Error loading style "' + filename + '".');
};
this.m_head.appendChild(link);
}
public loadScript = (i:number) =>
{
let script = document.createElement('script');
script.type = 'text/javascript';
script.src = this.withNoCache(this.m_js_files[i]);
var loadNextScript = () =>
{
if (i + 1 < this.m_js_files.length)
{
this.loadScript(i + 1);
}
}
script.onload = () =>
{
this.log('Loaded script "' + this.m_js_files[i] + '".');
loadNextScript();
};
script.onerror = () =>
{
this.log('Error loading script "' + this.m_js_files[i] + '".');
loadNextScript();
};
this.log('Loading script "' + this.m_js_files[i] + '".');
this.m_head.appendChild(script);
}
public loadFiles = () =>
{
// this.log(this.m_css_files);
// this.log(this.m_js_files);
for(let i:number = 0; i < this.m_css_files.length; ++i)
this.loadStyle(this.m_css_files[i])
this.loadScript(0);
}
}
var ScriptLoader = new cScriptLoader(["foo.css", "Scripts/Script4.js", "foobar.css", "Scripts/Script1.js", "Scripts/Script2.js", "Scripts/Script3.js"]);
ScriptLoader.loadFiles();
如果是加载脚本的动态列表，将脚本写入一个属性，例如data-main，e.g.
<script src="scriptloader.js" data-main="file1.js,file2.js,file3.js,etc." ></script>
并做一个element.getAttribute("data-main").split(',')
比如
var target = document.currentScript || (function() {
var scripts = document.getElementsByTagName('script');
// Note: this is for IE as IE doesn't support currentScript
// this does not work if you have deferred loading with async
// e.g. <script src="..." async="async" ></script>
// https://web.archive.org/web/20180618155601/https://www.w3schools.com/TAgs/att_script_async.asp
return scripts[scripts.length - 1];
})();
target.getAttribute("data-main").split(',')
获取列表。
【讨论】：
var？
jQuery.getScript()方法是Ajax函数的简写（带有dataType属性：$.ajax({ url: url,dataType: "script"})）
如果您希望脚本可缓存，请使用RequireJS 或按照jQuery 的示例扩展jQuery.getScript 方法，类似于以下内容。
jQuery.cachedScript = function( url, options ) {
// Allow user to set any option except for dataType, cache, and url
options = $.extend( options || {}, {
dataType: "script",
cache: true,
url: url
});
// Use $.ajax() since it is more flexible than $.getScript
// Return the jqXHR object so we can chain callbacks
return jQuery.ajax( options );
};
// Usage
$.cachedScript( "ajax/test.js" ).done(function( script, textStatus ) {
console.log( textStatus );
});
【讨论】：
jQuery 有$.getScript():
说明：使用 GET HTTP 请求从服务器加载一个 JavaScript 文件，然后执行它。
【讨论】：
您可以使用 JQuery 来完成：
$.getScript("ajax/test.js", function(data, textStatus, jqxhr) {
console.log(data); //data returned
console.log(textStatus); //success
console.log(jqxhr.status); //200
console.log('Load was performed.');
});
此链接应该会有所帮助： http://api.jquery.com/jQuery.getScript/
【讨论】：
我建议将 requirejs 与 AMD javascript 类文件一起使用
如何在这里使用它的好例子
http://www.sitepoint.com/understanding-requirejs-for-effective-javascript-module-loading/
【讨论】：
要创作我的插件，我需要在 JS 文件中加载外部脚本和样式，所有这些都是预定义的。为此，我做了以下工作：
this.loadRequiredFiles = function (callback) {
var scripts = ['xx.js', 'yy.js'];
var styles = ['zz.css'];
var filesloaded = 0;
var filestoload = scripts.length + styles.length;
for (var i = 0; i < scripts.length; i++) {
log('Loading script ' + scripts[i]);
var script = document.createElement('script');
script.type = 'text/javascript';
script.src = scripts[i];
script.onload = function () {
log('Loaded script');
log(this);
filesloaded++; // (This means increment, i.e. add one)
finishLoad();
};
document.head.appendChild(script);
}
for (var i = 0; i < styles.length; i++) {
log('Loading style ' + styles[i]);
var style = document.createElement('link');
style.rel = 'stylesheet';
style.href = styles[i];
style.type = 'text/css';
style.onload = function () {
log('Loaded style');
log(this);
filesloaded++;
finishLoad();
};
document.head.appendChild(style);
}
function finishLoad() {
if (filesloaded === filestoload) {
callback();
}
}
};
上下文中的更多脚本：
function myPlugin() {
var opts = {
verbose: false
}; ///< The options required to run this function
var self = this; ///< An alias to 'this' in case we're in jQuery ///< Constants required for this function to work
this.getOptions = function() {
return opts;
};
this.setOptions = function(options) {
for (var x in options) {
opts[x] = options[x];
}
};
/**
* @brief Load the required files for this plugin
* @param {Function} callback A callback function to run when all files have been loaded
*/
this.loadRequiredFiles = function (callback) {
var scripts = ['xx.js', 'yy.js'];
var styles = ['zz.css'];
var filesloaded = 0;
var filestoload = scripts.length + styles.length;
for (var i = 0; i < scripts.length; i++) {
log('Loading script ' + scripts[i]);
var script = document.createElement('script');
script.type = 'text/javascript';
script.src = scripts[i];
script.onload = function () {
log('Loaded script');
log(this);
filesloaded++;
finishLoad();
};
document.head.appendChild(script);
}
for (var i = 0; i < styles.length; i++) {
log('Loading style ' + styles[i]);
var style = document.createElement('link');
style.rel = 'stylesheet';
style.href = styles[i];
style.type = 'text/css';
style.onload = function () {
log('Loaded style');
log(this);
filesloaded++;
finishLoad();
};
document.head.appendChild(style);
}
function finishLoad() {
if (filesloaded === filestoload) {
callback();
}
}
};
/**
* @brief Enable user-controlled logging within this function
* @param {String} msg The message to log
* @param {Boolean} force True to log message even if user has set logging to false
*/
function log(msg, force) {
if (opts.verbose || force) {
console.log(msg);
}
}
/**
* @brief Initialise this function
*/
this.init = function() {
self.loadRequiredFiles(self.afterLoadRequiredFiles);
};
this.afterLoadRequiredFiles = function () {
// Do stuff
};
}
【讨论】：
这是一个动态加载 javascript 和 CSS 文件的小库：
https://github.com/todotresde/javascript-loader
我想按顺序动态加载css和js文件很有用。
支持扩展以加载您想要的任何库，而不仅仅是主文件，您可以使用它来加载自定义文件。
IE：
<html>
<head>
<script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.10.2/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="scripts/javascript-loader.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8" ></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function() {
registerLib("threejs", test);
function test(){
console.log(THREE);
}
registerLib("tinymce", draw);
function draw(){
tinymce.init({selector:'textarea'});
}
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<textarea>Your content here.</textarea>
</body>
【讨论】：
如果您有 许多文件 具有 依赖项，请使用 AMD/RequireJS。 http://requirejs.org/
【讨论】：