在swift中声明变量时可以使用通配符吗？

Question

我正在通过构建 Soundboard 应用来学习编码。在我稍微改变了曲调后，我正在使用audioEngine 播放一些声音。在我的viewDidLoad 中，我声明了我的variables：

var audioFile1 = AVAudioFile()
var audioFile2 = AVAudioFile()

if let filePath = Bundle.main.path(forResource: "PeteNope", ofType:
        "mp3") {
        let filePathURL = URL(fileURLWithPath: filePath)

        setPlayerFile(filePathURL)

    }
if let filePath2 = Bundle.main.path(forResource: "Law_WOW", ofType:
        "mp3") {
        let filePath2URL = URL(fileURLWithPath: filePath2)

        setPlayerFile2(filePath2URL)

    }
func setPlayerFile(_ fileURL: URL) {
    do {
        let file1 = try AVAudioFile(forReading: fileURL)

        self.audioFile1 = file1


    } catch {
        fatalError("Could not create AVAudioFile instance. error: \(error).")
    }
}

func setPlayerFile2(_ fileURL: URL) {
    do {
        let file2 = try AVAudioFile(forReading: fileURL)

        self.audioFile2 = file2


    } catch {
        fatalError("Could not create AVAudioFile instance. error: \(error).")
    }
}

然后我连接nodes如下：

audioEngine.attach(pitchPlayer)
audioEngine.attach(timePitch)
audioEngine.connect(pitchPlayer, to: timePitch, format: audioFile1.processingFormat)
audioEngine.connect(timePitch, to: audioEngine.outputNode, format: audioFile1.processingFormat)
audioEngine.connect(pitchPlayer, to: timePitch, format: audioFile2.processingFormat)
audioEngine.connect(timePitch, to: audioEngine.outputNode, format: audioFile2.processingFormat) 

所以，我的问题是，由于变量除了数字之外都是相同的，有没有办法以编程方式编写它，这样我就不必单独声明 nodes。

Answer 1

据我了解，您有很多此类资源 “PeterNope”和“Law_WOW”并希望快速将它们添加为节点。

您的代码可以按如下方式重构，以添加任意数量的资源：

var resources = ["PeterNope", "Law_WOW", "otherResource1", "otherResource2", ...]

func setPlayerFile(_ fileName: String) {
    // make sure resource exists and break if not.
    guard let filePath = Bundle.main.path(forResource: fileName, ofType: "mp3") else {
        print ("resource file \(fileName) does not exist")            
        return
    }

    let fileURL = URL(fileURLWithPath: filePath)

    // open file from resource
    do {
        let file = try AVAudioFile(forReading: fileURL)
    } catch {
        fatalError("Could not create AVAudioFile instance. error: \(error).")
    }

    // connect nodes
    connect(pitchPlayer, to: timePitch, format: file.processingFormat)
    audioEngine.connect(timePitch, to: audioEngine.outputNode, format: file.processingFormat)
}

// connect all resources
attach(pitchPlayer)
audioEngine.attach(timePitch)

for index in 0..(resources.count - 1) {
    setPlayer(resources[index]
}

// or quicker and swiftier:
resources.forEach { setPlayerFile($0) }

我建议阅读有关 for 循环和控制流的一般信息：https://docs.swift.org/swift-book/LanguageGuide/ControlFlow.html