如何在 UIView 中绘制贝塞尔曲线

Question

我需要在UIView 中创建一条曲线，如下图所示。我必须使用UIBezierPath。请帮我解决这个问题。

我也想知道如何从水平轴翻转曲线，这样我的弧在顶部，底部在底部。

Answer 1

要在特定CGSize 内绘制实心圆弧，您可以像这样定义UIBezierPath：

- (UIBezierPath * _Nullable)pathOfArcWithinSize:(CGSize)size {
    if (size.width == 0 || size.height <= 0) return nil;

    CGFloat theta = M_PI - atan2(size.width / 2.0, size.height) * 2.0;
    CGFloat radius = self.bounds.size.height / (1.0 - cos(theta));

    UIBezierPath *path = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
    [path moveToPoint:CGPointMake(0, 0)];
    [path addArcWithCenter:CGPointMake(size.width / 2.0, -radius + size.height) radius:radius startAngle:M_PI_2 + theta endAngle:M_PI_2 - theta clockwise:false];
    [path closePath];

    return path;
}

这只是在给定视图的高度和宽度的情况下使用一点三角函数来计算弧的角度和半径。

一旦你有了它，你可以使用该路径构造一个CAShapeLayer，然后将其添加为UIView 的子层，或者你可以实现自己的drawRect 方法，在该路径上调用fill。 （或者，鉴于您已使用 core-graphics 标记此内容，您也可以使用 CoreGraphics 调用自定义 drawRect，但我不确定您为什么要这样做。）

例如，您可以定义一个使用CAShapeLayer 的CurvedView 类：

//  CurvedView.h

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

IB_DESIGNABLE
@interface CurvedView : UIView

@property (nonatomic, strong) IBInspectable UIColor *fillColor;

@end

和

//  CurvedView.m

#import "CurvedView.h"

@interface CurvedView ()
@property (nonatomic, weak) CAShapeLayer *curvedLayer;
@end

@implementation CurvedView

- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {
    self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
    if (self) {
        [self configureView];
    }
    return self;
}

- (instancetype _Nullable)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)coder {
    self = [super initWithCoder:coder];
    if (self) {
        [self configureView];
    }
    return self;
}

- (void)configureView {
    self.fillColor = [UIColor whiteColor];

    CAShapeLayer *layer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
    layer.fillColor = self.fillColor.CGColor;
    layer.strokeColor = [UIColor clearColor].CGColor;
    layer.lineWidth = 0;
    [self.layer addSublayer:layer];
    self.curvedLayer = layer;
}

- (void)setFillColor:(UIColor *)fillColor {
    _fillColor = fillColor;

    self.curvedLayer.fillColor = fillColor.CGColor;
}

- (void)layoutSubviews {
    [super layoutSubviews];

    self.curvedLayer.path = [self pathOfArcWithinSize:self.bounds.size].CGPath;
}

- (UIBezierPath * _Nullable)pathOfArcWithinSize:(CGSize)size {
    if (size.width == 0 || size.height <= 0) return nil;

    CGFloat theta = M_PI - atan2(size.width / 2.0, size.height) * 2.0;
    CGFloat radius = self.bounds.size.height / (1.0 - cos(theta));

    UIBezierPath *path = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
    [path moveToPoint:CGPointMake(0, 0)];
    [path addArcWithCenter:CGPointMake(size.width / 2.0, -radius + size.height) radius:radius startAngle:M_PI_2 + theta endAngle:M_PI_2 - theta clockwise:false];
    [path closePath];

    return path;
}

@end

产生：

或者，如果您更愿意使用drawRect 方法而不是使用CAShapeLayer：

//  CurvedView.m

#import "CurvedView.h"

@implementation CurvedView

- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {
    self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
    if (self) {
        [self configureView];
    }
    return self;
}

- (instancetype _Nullable)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)coder {
    self = [super initWithCoder:coder];
    if (self) {
        [self configureView];
    }
    return self;
}

- (void)configureView {
    self.fillColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
}

- (void)setFillColor:(UIColor *)fillColor {
    _fillColor = fillColor;

    [self setNeedsDisplay];
}

- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect {
    UIBezierPath *path = [self pathOfArcWithinSize:self.bounds.size];
    [self.fillColor setFill];
    [path fill];
}

- (UIBezierPath * _Nullable)pathOfArcWithinSize:(CGSize)size {
    if (size.width == 0 || size.height <= 0) return nil;

    CGFloat theta = M_PI - atan2(size.width / 2.0, size.height) * 2.0;
    CGFloat radius = self.bounds.size.height / (1.0 - cos(theta));

    UIBezierPath *path = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
    [path moveToPoint:CGPointMake(0, 0)];
    [path addArcWithCenter:CGPointMake(size.width / 2.0, -radius + size.height) radius:radius startAngle:M_PI_2 + theta endAngle:M_PI_2 - theta clockwise:false];
    [path closePath];

    return path;
}

@end

---

如果你想让弧线占据视图的底部，路径应该是这样的：

- (UIBezierPath * _Nullable)pathOfArcWithinSize:(CGSize)size {
    if (size.width == 0 || size.height <= 0) return nil;

    CGFloat theta = M_PI - atan2(size.width / 2.0, size.height) * 2.0;
    CGFloat radius = self.bounds.size.height / (1.0 - cos(theta));

    UIBezierPath *path = [UIBezierPath bezierPath];
    [path moveToPoint:CGPointMake(0, size.height)];
    [path addArcWithCenter:CGPointMake(size.width / 2.0, radius) radius:radius startAngle:M_PI_2 * 3.0 + theta endAngle:M_PI_2 * 3.0 - theta clockwise:false];
    [path closePath];

    return path;
}

本质上，theta 和 radius 是一样的，但是从左下角开始，将center 设置为size.width / 2.0, radius，并从M_PI_2 * 3.0 ± theta 开始：