将证书链保存在 pkcs12 密钥库中

Question

以下代码：

//used Bouncy Castle provider for keyStore
keyStore.setKeyEntry(alias, (Key)keyPair.getPrivate(), pwd, certChain);  

其中 certChain 持有最终证书和颁发者证书（即两个证书），
如果 keyStore 是 PKCS12 的实例，则不会将颁发者证书保存为已保存到文件系统密钥库文件中的链的一部分。

如果密钥库类型为PKCS12-3DES-3DES，它会保存两个证书。 为什么是这样？ PKCS12 不认为两个证书都是链的一部分吗？

编辑：这是SSCCE。这对"JKS" 有效，在"PKCS12" 失败：只有链中的第一个证书可以通过getCertificateChain(String) 访问。可以使用openssl pkcs12 打开保存的文件，同时显示两个证书。

    public void testKeyStore() {
    try {
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
        keyPairGenerator.initialize(1024);
        KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();
        PublicKey publicKey = keyPair.getPublic();
        PrivateKey privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate();
        Certificate[] outChain = { createCertificate("CN=CA", publicKey, privateKey), createCertificate("CN=Client", publicKey, privateKey) };

        KeyStore outStore = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12");
        outStore.load(null, "secret".toCharArray());
        outStore.setKeyEntry("mykey", privateKey, "secret".toCharArray(), outChain);            
        OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream("c:/outstore.pkcs12");
        outStore.store(outputStream, "secret".toCharArray());
        outputStream.flush();
        outputStream.close();

        KeyStore inStore = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12");      
        inStore.load(new FileInputStream("c:/outstore.pkcs12"), "secret".toCharArray());
        Key key = outStore.getKey("myKey", "secret".toCharArray());
        assertEquals(privateKey, key);

        Certificate[] inChain = outStore.getCertificateChain("mykey");
        assertNotNull(inChain);
        assertEquals(outChain.length, inChain.length);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        fail(e.getMessage());
    }
}

private static X509Certificate createCertificate(String dn, PublicKey publicKey, PrivateKey privateKey) throws Exception {
    X509V3CertificateGenerator certGenerator = new X509V3CertificateGenerator();
    certGenerator.setSerialNumber(new BigInteger("1"));
    certGenerator.setIssuerDN(new X509Name(dn));
    certGenerator.setSubjectDN(new X509Name(dn));
    certGenerator.setNotBefore(Calendar.getInstance().getTime());
    certGenerator.setNotAfter(Calendar.getInstance().getTime());
    certGenerator.setPublicKey(publicKey);
    certGenerator.setSignatureAlgorithm("SHA1withRSA");
    X509Certificate certificate = (X509Certificate)certGenerator.generate(privateKey, "BC");
    return certificate;
}

Answer 1

您的代码有 2 个错误：

第一：您没有为证书设置颁发者（客户端证书应该由CA颁发才能使链有效）。

第二个：你在创建证书链时使用了错误的顺序（应该是客户端证书，最后是CA）

这里是重新设计的 SSCCE，它可以正常工作。

@Test
public void testKeyStore() throws Exception{
        try {
        String storeName =  "/home/grigory/outstore.pkcs12";
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
        keyPairGenerator.initialize(1024);
        KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();
        PublicKey publicKey = keyPair.getPublic();
        PrivateKey privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate();
        Certificate trustCert =  createCertificate("CN=CA", "CN=CA", publicKey, privateKey);
        Certificate[] outChain = { createCertificate("CN=Client", "CN=CA", publicKey, privateKey), trustCert };

        KeyStore outStore = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12");
        outStore.load(null, "secret".toCharArray());
        outStore.setKeyEntry("mykey", privateKey, "secret".toCharArray(), outChain);
        OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(storeName);
        outStore.store(outputStream, "secret".toCharArray());
        outputStream.flush();
        outputStream.close();

        KeyStore inStore = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12");
        inStore.load(new FileInputStream(storeName), "secret".toCharArray());
        Key key = outStore.getKey("myKey", "secret".toCharArray());
        Assert.assertEquals(privateKey, key);

        Certificate[] inChain = outStore.getCertificateChain("mykey");
        Assert.assertNotNull(inChain);
        Assert.assertEquals(outChain.length, inChain.length);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        throw new AssertionError(e.getMessage());
    }
   }
    private static X509Certificate createCertificate(String dn, String issuer, PublicKey publicKey, PrivateKey privateKey) throws Exception {
        X509V3CertificateGenerator certGenerator = new X509V3CertificateGenerator();
        certGenerator.setSerialNumber(BigInteger.valueOf(Math.abs(new Random().nextLong())));
        certGenerator.setSubjectDN(new X509Name(dn));
        certGenerator.setIssuerDN(new X509Name(issuer)); // Set issuer!
        certGenerator.setNotBefore(Calendar.getInstance().getTime());
        certGenerator.setNotAfter(Calendar.getInstance().getTime());
        certGenerator.setPublicKey(publicKey);
        certGenerator.setSignatureAlgorithm("SHA1withRSA");
        X509Certificate certificate = (X509Certificate)certGenerator.generate(privateKey, "BC");
        return certificate;
    }

Answer 2

根据您使用的 JDK，有不同的方式来打包您的应用程序。当一些人使用 Linux 和 OpenJDK 以及其他一些人在 Windows 上使用 SunJDK (Oracle) 进行开发时，我们就会遇到这种情况。

为了能够使用最强的算法，最新版本需要做一些额外的配置。如果您的问题与 JCE 政策有关，This article 可以为您提供帮助。