为什么第二个请求失败？我可以更改 RestSharp 标头的顺序吗？答案

【问题标题】：Why is the second request failing? Can I change the order of RestSharp headers?为什么第二个请求失败？我可以更改 RestSharp 标头的顺序吗？
【发布时间】：2016-03-16 21:06:08
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试与具有使用 CWMP (TR-69) SOAP 协议（通过 javascript 客户端）管理配置的 Web UI 的家庭模式/路由/网关进行交互。

我正在尝试复制（不需要完全相等，但只是为了工作）js 客户端使用 RestSharp 完成的第一个请求，但它总是失败并出现 500 内部错误。

这是来自 javascript 的 RAW 请求：

POST http://vodafone.station/data_model.cgi HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: text/xml; charset="utf-8"
Accept: application/xml, text/xml, */*; q=0.01
Method: POST
SOAPAction: cwmp:LoggedUser
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
Referer: http://vodafone.station/main.cgi?page=about.html
Accept-Language: it-IT
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko
Content-Length: 230
Host: vodafone.station
Connection: Keep-Alive
Pragma: no-cache
Cookie: wbm_cookie_session_id=5D2D2E84416DB43D

<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soapenv:Header><DMCookie>70972421</DMCookie></soapenv:Header><soapenv:Body><cwmp:LoggedUser xmlns=""></cwmp:LoggedUser></soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope>

这是我的应用程序使用 RestSharp 发布的 RAW 请求：

POST http://vodafone.station/data_model.cgi HTTP/1.1
Accept: application/xml, text/xml, */*; q=0.01
SOAPAction: cwmp: LoggedUser
Pragma: no-cache
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
Referer: http://vodafone.station/main.cgi?page=index.html
Accept-Language: it-IT
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2228.0 Safari/537.36
Content-Type: text/xml
Host: vodafone.station
Cookie: wbm_cookie_session_id=29374DCA6F4B4B8B
Content-Length: 230
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate

<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soapenv:Header><DMCookie>657122696</DMCookie></soapenv:Header><soapenv:Body><cwmp:LoggedUser xmlns="></cwmp:LoggedUser></soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope>

我相信这两个请求基本相同，但第二个请求失败。这里唯一的区别似乎是标头顺序、用户代理和缺少的方法标头。

如何更改 RestSharp 中标题的顺序？

更新

我尝试从另一个浏览器嗅探原始请求以将其用作基础：

POST http://vodafone.station/data_model.cgi HTTP/1.1
Host: vodafone.station
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 232
Origin: http://vodafone.station
Method: POST
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/48.0.2564.109 Safari/537.36 Vivaldi/1.0.418.3
Content-Type: text/xml; charset="UTF-8"
Accept: application/xml, text/xml, */*; q=0.01
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
SOAPServer: 
SOAPAction: cwmp:LoggedUser
DNT: 1
Referer: http://vodafone.station/main.cgi?page=about.html
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: it-IT,it;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.6,en;q=0.4
Cookie: wbm_cookie_session_id=1FD0F3015AA2D293

<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soapenv:Header><DMCookie>1795351746</DMCookie></soapenv:Header><soapenv:Body><cwmp:LoggedUser xmlns=""></cwmp:LoggedUser></soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope>

这一次我使用 System.Net.HttpWebRequest 类来重新创建请求：它可以工作，尽管我的最终目标是使用 RestSharp 来实现。

所以，这行得通：

POST http://vodafone.station/data_model.cgi HTTP/1.1
Origin: http://vodafone.station
Method: POST
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/48.0.2564.109 Safari/537.36 Vivaldi/1.0.418.3
Content-Type: text/xml; charset="UTF-8"
Accept: application/xml, text/xml, */*; q=0.01
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
SOAPServer: 
SOAPAction: cwmp:LoggedUser
DNT: 1
Referer: http://vodafone.station/main.cgi?page=about.html
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: it-IT,it;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.6,en;q=0.4
Cookie: wbm_cookie_session_id=04B71CB985477F19
Host: vodafone.station
Content-Length: 228

<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soapenv:Header><DMCookie>155497</DMCookie></soapenv:Header><soapenv:Body><cwmp:LoggedUser xmlns=""></cwmp:LoggedUser></soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope>

更新 2

我确实尝试使用 RestSharp 发出上述请求：

所以，这里是代码：

Function GetLoggedUser() As RestSharp.RestResponse

        Dim T As New TokenAndCookieGetter

        Dim xaction As String = "LoggedUser"
        Dim xbody As String = Envelope(T.DM_COOKIE, xaction)

        Dim req = New RestSharp.RestRequest("/data_model.cgi", RestSharp.Method.POST)

        req.AddHeader("Origin", "http://vodafone.station")
        req.AddHeader("Method", "POST")
        req.AddHeader("Accept", "application/xml, text/xml, */*; q=0.01")
        req.AddHeader("X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest")
        req.AddHeader("SOAPServer", "")
        req.AddHeader("SOAPAction", "cwmp:" + xaction)
        req.AddHeader("DNT", "1")
        req.AddHeader("Referer", "http://vodafone.station/main.cgi?page=about.html")
        req.AddHeader("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate")
        req.AddHeader("Accept-Language", "it-IT,it;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.6,en;q=0.4")
        'Cookie is already set in T.CLIENT, by assigning a CookieContainer.
        req.AddHeader("Host", "vodafone.station")

        req.AddParameter("text/xml; charset=""UTF-8""", xbody, RestSharp.ParameterType.RequestBody)

        Return T.CLIENT.Execute(req)

    End Function

这是相应的请求，但失败了：

POST http://vodafone.station/data_model.cgi HTTP/1.1
Origin: http://vodafone.station
Method: POST
Accept: application/xml, text/xml, */*; q=0.01
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
SOAPServer: 
SOAPAction: cwmp:LoggedUser
DNT: 1
Referer: http://vodafone.station/main.cgi?page=about.html
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: it-IT,it;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.6,en;q=0.4
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/48.0.2564.109 Safari/537.36 Vivaldi/1.0.418.3
Content-Type: text/xml; charset="UTF-8"
Host: vodafone.station
Cookie: wbm_cookie_session_id=3FD15C2D16783BDD
Content-Length: 231

<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soapenv:Header><DMCookie>1534303835</DMCookie></soapenv:Header><soapenv:Body><cwmp:LoggedUser xmlns="></cwmp:LoggedUser></soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope>

【问题讨论】：

@Eser 那个标头有问题吗？

标签： .net vb.net http soap restsharp

【解决方案1】：

更新 3 我解决了这个问题。

所以我终于找到了问题所在。这不是任何标题。

这是坏字符转义的情况。真丢人。

Dim envelope As String = String.Format("<cwmp:{0} xmlns="">{1}</cwmp:{0}>", action, body)

我没有转义双引号，因此请求总是会因为错误的 XML（xmlns=" 属性）而导致 500 错误。

这是最终的工作请求：

POST http://vodafone.station/data_model.cgi HTTP/1.1
Origin: http://vodafone.station
Method: POST
Accept: application/xml, text/xml, */*; q=0.01
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
SOAPServer: 
SOAPAction: cwmp:LoggedUser
DNT: 1
Referer: http://vodafone.station/main.cgi?page=about.html
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: it-IT,it;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.6,en;q=0.4
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/48.0.2564.109 Safari/537.36 Vivaldi/1.0.418.3
Content-Type: text/xml; charset="UTF-8"
Host: vodafone.station
Cookie: wbm_cookie_session_id=44D94CDF0F3ECD3C
Content-Length: 232

<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soapenv:Header><DMCookie>1554023074</DMCookie></soapenv:Header><soapenv:Body><cwmp:LoggedUser xmlns=""></cwmp:LoggedUser></soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope>

【讨论】：