如何使用 Excel VBA 将开始日期和结束日期参数传递给 SQL？

Question

当我在 Excel 单元格 D2（例如）ALFKI 中输入 Northwind DB 示例中的客户 ID 时，我有以下代码：

这是我目前可用的 Excel VBA 代码：

Dim con As ADODB.Connection
Dim cmd As ADODB.Command
Dim rs As ADODB.Recordset
Dim WSP1 As Worksheet
Set con = New ADODB.Connection
Set cmd = New ADODB.Command
Set rs = New ADODB.Recordset

Application.DisplayStatusBar = True
Application.StatusBar = "Contacting SQL Server..."

' Remove any values in the cells where we want to put our Stored Procedure's results.
Dim rngRange As Range
Set rngRange = Range(Cells(8, 2), Cells(Rows.Count, 1)).EntireRow
rngRange.ClearContents

' Log into our SQL Server, and run the Stored Procedure
con.Open "Provider=SQLOLEDB;Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=Northwind;Integrated Security=SSPI;Trusted_Connection=Yes;"
cmd.ActiveConnection = con

' Set up the parameter for our Stored Procedure
' (Parameter types can be adVarChar,adDate,adInteger)
cmd.Parameters.Append cmd.CreateParameter("CustomerID", adVarChar, adParamInput, 10, Range("D2").Text)

Application.StatusBar = "Running stored procedure..."
cmd.CommandText = "SP_GetOrdersForCustomer"
Set rs = cmd.Execute(, , adCmdStoredProc)

' Copy the results to cell B7 on the first Worksheet
Set WSP1 = Worksheets(1)
WSP1.Activate
If rs.EOF = False Then WSP1.Cells(8, 2).CopyFromRecordset rs

rs.Close
Set rs = Nothing
Set cmd = Nothing

con.Close
Set con = Nothing

Application.StatusBar = "Data successfully updated." 

存储过程是 SP_GetOrdersForCustomer，即：

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[SP_GetOrdersForCustomer]
@CustomerID nchar(5)
AS
 BEGIN
    SELECT cst.[CustomerID],
    cst.[CompanyName],
    cst.[ContactName],
    ord.[OrderID],
    ord.[EmployeeID],
    emp.[FirstName],
    emp.[LastName],
    ord.[ShippedDate],
    prd.[ProductName],
    od.[UnitPrice],
    od.[Quantity]
       FROM [Customers] cst,
         [Orders] ord,
         [Order Details] od,
         [Employees] emp,
         [Products] prd
      WHERE ord.[CustomerID] = cst.[CustomerID]
    AND emp.[EmployeeID] = ord.[EmployeeID]
    AND od.[OrderID] = ord.[OrderID]
    AND prd.[ProductID] = od.[ProductID]
    AND cst.[CustomerID] = @CustomerID
     ORDER BY cst.[CustomerID], emp.[EmployeeID], ord.[ShippedDate] DESC
    END 

我现在需要在 Northwind 中执行存储过程“Sales by Year”，它有两个日期参数 @Beginning_Date 和 @Ending_Date 都是日期时间数据类型。

如果我将日期 1996-07-01 放在单元格 F1 中，将 1996-08-01 放在单元格 F2 中，则调用参数：

' Set up the parameter for our Stored Procedure
' (Parameter types can be adVarChar,adDate,adInteger,etc)
cmd.Parameters.Append cmd.CreateParameter("@Beginning_Date", adDate, adParamInput, 10, Range("F1").Text)
cmd.Parameters.Append cmd.CreateParameter("@Ending_Date", adDate, adParamInput, 10, Range("F2").Text)

它不起作用。

这是带有日期的存储过程：

USE [Northwind]
GO
/****** Object:  StoredProcedure [dbo].[Sales by Year]    Script Date:   30/01/2017 22:04:57 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

ALTER procedure [dbo].[Sales by Year] 
@Beginning_Date DateTime, @Ending_Date DateTime AS
SELECT Orders.ShippedDate, Orders.OrderID, "Order Subtotals".Subtotal, DATENAME(yy,ShippedDate) AS Year
FROM Orders INNER JOIN "Order Subtotals" ON Orders.OrderID = "Order Subtotals".OrderID
WHERE Orders.ShippedDate Between @Beginning_Date And @Ending_Date

这是不起作用的 Excel VBA。我尝试修改上面显示的内容，我认为我应该使用 addDBdate 而不是 adDate 但它失败了“错误 3421 应用程序为当前操作使用了错误类型的值”：

Sub Button1_Click()
Dim con As ADODB.Connection
Dim cmd As ADODB.Command
Dim rs As ADODB.Recordset
Dim WSP1 As Worksheet
Set con = New ADODB.Connection
Set cmd = New ADODB.Command
Set rs = New ADODB.Recordset


Application.DisplayStatusBar = True
Application.StatusBar = "Contacting SQL Server..."

' Remove any values in the cells and clear a space where we want to dump and put our Stored Procedure's results.
Dim rngRange As Range
Set rngRange = Range(Cells(8, 2), Cells(Rows.Count, 1)).EntireRow
rngRange.ClearContents

' Log into our SQL Server, and run the Stored Procedure
con.Open "Provider=SQLOLEDB;Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=Northwind;Integrated Security=SSPI;Trusted_Connection=Yes;"
cmd.ActiveConnection = con


' Set up the parameter for our Stored Procedure
' (Parameter types can be adVarChar,adDate,adInteger,etc)
cmd.Parameters.Append cmd.CreateParameter("@Beginning_Date", adDate, adParamInput, 10, Range("J1").Text)
cmd.Parameters.Append cmd.CreateParameter("@Ending_Date", adDate, adParamInput, 10, Range("J2").Text)

'Show some text at the bottom on the status bar
Application.StatusBar = "Running stored procedure..."

'run the stored procedure name in SQL and drop the prefix dbo. it's not needed
cmd.CommandText = "Sales by Year"

'Execute it
Set rs = cmd.Execute(, , adCmdStoredProc)

' Copy the results to cell B7 on the first Worksheet
Set WSP1 = Worksheets(1)
WSP1.Activate
If rs.EOF = False Then WSP1.Cells(8, 2).CopyFromRecordset rs

'clean terminate
rs.Close
Set rs = Nothing
Set cmd = Nothing

'close off the connection to the SQL database
con.Close
Set con = Nothing

'Did it work ? Then display message at the bottom status bar
Application.StatusBar = "Data successfully updated."

End Sub

Answer 1

我在将用户在 Excel 中输入的日期传递给 SQL Server 时遇到了类似的问题。我要做的是转换 excel 日期格式，今天 2017-04-14 用 42839 表示。要将 42839 转换为我使用的 SQL 可以摄取的日期格式（dateadd(d, 42839,'1899-12-30 '))。

看来您可能将 Range("J1".text) 传递为 '42839'。