Python selenium 无条件等待页面加载

Question

我希望 selenium 在截屏之前等待。当我使用 time.sleep(1) 时，它给了我这个错误：

Traceback（最近一次调用最后一次）： 文件“test.py”，第 12 行，在 driver.save_screenshot('page.png') 文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/we bdriver.py”，第 1033 行，在 save_screenshot 中 返回 self.get_screenshot_as_file（文件名） 文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/we bdriver.py”，第 1010 行，在 get_screenshot_as_file 中 png = self.get_screenshot_as_png() 文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/we bdriver.py”，第 1042 行，在 get_screenshot_as_png 返回 base64.b64decode(self.get_screenshot_as_base64().encode('ascii')) 文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/we bdriver.py”，第 1052 行，在 get_screenshot_as_base64 中 return self.execute(Command.SCREENSHOT)['value']

文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/we bdriver.py”，第 312 行，在执行中 响应 = self.command_executor.execute(driver_command, params) 文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/re mote_connection.py”，第 472 行，在执行中 return self._request(command_info[0], url, body=data) 文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/re mote_connection.py”，第 496 行，在 _request 中 响应 = self._conn.getresponse() 文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py”，第 1331 行，在 getresponse response.begin() 文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py”，第 297 行，开始 版本、状态、原因 = self._read_status() _read_status 中的文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py”，第 258 行 line = str(self.fp.readline(_MAXLINE + 1), "iso-8859-1") 文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/socket.py”，第 586 行，在 readinto 返回 self._sock.recv_into(b) ConnectionResetError: [Errno 54] 对等方重置连接

这是我的代码：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
import os
import time

options = Options()
options.add_argument("--headless")
driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_options=options, executable_path = 
'/usr/local/bin/geckodriver', log_path=os.devnull)
driver.get('https://google.com/')
time.sleep(5)
driver.save_screenshot('page.png')
driver.quit()

如何等待页面加载而不出现此错误？

我知道你可以等待一个元素加载我只想等待它没有任何条件。

（当然，在 google.com 上没有什么要加载的了

Answer 1

在 selenium 中为 driver.get(URL) 添加无条件等待，driver.set_page_load_timeout(n) 和 n = time/seconds 和循环：

driver.set_page_load_timeout(n)        # Set timeout of n seconds for page load
loading_finished = 0                   # Set flag to 0
while loading_finished == 0:           # Repeat while flag = 0
    try:
       sleep(random.uniform(0.1, 0.5)) # wait some time
       website = driver.get(URL)       # try to load for n seconds
       loading_finished = 1            # Set flag to 1 and exit while loop
    except:
       logger.warn("timeout - retry")  # Indicate load fail
else:
    driver.save_screenshot('page.png') # In case of flag = 1
    driver.close()
    driver.quit()

Answer 2

# this code will will keep looping until the element is find so whatever how 
# much time the page will take time to load .    
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=r'./geckodriver')
itm = ""
while(True) : 
     try : 
         itm = driver.find_element_by_xpath("your xpath elem)
         break
     except : 
      pass

进一步：

# this function will find all the ements with xpath EXPR
def Finds(EXPR) :
    itms = ""
    while(True) : 
        try : 
            itms = driver.find_elements_by_xpath(EXPR)
            break
        except : 
            pass
    return itms
#this function will find the elem had xpath EXPR
def Find(EXPR) :
    itm = ""
    while(True) : 
        try : 
            itm = driver.find_element_by_xpath(EXPR)
            break
        except : 
            pass
    return itm
#this function will find textbox or any thing you can insert into a text , this elem had xpath F , it insert text I
def Find_Insert(F,I) : 
    it = ""
    x1 = ""
    while(True) : 
        try : 
            print "find " , F
            x1 = driver.find_element_by_xpath(F)
            print("1")
            break
        except : 
            pass
    it = x1 
    while(True) : 
        try :
            print "sending " , I
            it.send_keys(I)
            break
        except : 
            pass
#this function will find textbox or any thing you can insert into a text , this elem had xpath F , it insert text I and then press key C
def Find_Insert_Click(F,I,C) : 
    it = ""
    x1 = ""
    while(True) : 
        try : 
            print "find " , F
            x1 = driver.find_element_by_xpath(F)
            print("1")
            break
        except : 
            pass
    it = x1 
    while(True) : 
        try :
            print "sending " , I
            it.send_keys(I)
            break
        except : 
            pass
    x1 = it  
    while(True) : 
        try : 
            print "Submit " , F
            it.send_keys(C)
            break
        except : 
            pass  
# this function will the elleent with xpath F and then clicke it 
def Find_Click(F) :
    it = ""
    x1 = ""
    while(True) : 
        try : 
            print "find " , F
            x1 = driver.find_element_by_xpath(F)
            break
        except : 
            pass
    it = x1 
    while(True) : 
        try : 
            print "click" , F
            it.click()
            break
        except : 
            pass