如何从 .NET 发布 SOAP 请求？

Question

我在 XML 文件中有 SOAP 请求。我想将请求发布到 .net 中的 Web 服务 如何实施？

Answer 1

var uri = new Uri("http://localhost/SOAP/SOAPSMS.asmx/add");

var req = (HttpWebRequest) WebRequest.CreateDefault(uri); 
req.ContentType = "text/xml; charset=utf-8"; 
req.Method = "POST"; 
req.Accept = "text/xml"; 
req.Headers.Add("SOAPAction", "http://localhost/SOAP/SOAPSMS.asmx/add"); 

var strSoapMessage = @"<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap='http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/' 
               xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' 
               xmlns:xsd='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema'>
  <soap:Body><add xmlns='http://tempuri.org/'><a>23</a><b>5</b></soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>"; 

using (var stream = new StreamWriter(req.GetRequestStream(), Encoding.UTF8)) 
    stream.Write(strSoapMessage); 

Answer 2

我做过这样的事情，手动构建一个 xml 请求，然后使用 webrequest 对象提交请求：

string data = "the xml document to submit";
string url = "the webservice url";
string response = "the response from the server";

// build request objects to pass the data/xml to the server
byte[] buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);
HttpWebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest;
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
request.ContentLength = buffer.Length;
Stream post = request.GetRequestStream();

// post data and close connection
post.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
post.Close();

// build response object
HttpWebResponse response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
Stream responsedata = response.GetResponseStream();
StreamReader responsereader = new StreamReader(responsedata);
response = responsereader.ReadToEnd();

代码开头的字符串变量是您设置的，然后您会从服务器获得字符串响应（希望...）。

Answer 3

这不是正常的方式。通常您会使用 WCF 或旧式 Web 服务引用来为您生成代理客户端。

但是，您通常需要做的是使用 HttpWebRequest 连接到 URL，然后在请求正文中发送 XML。

Answer 4

我想知道 XML 是如何生成的，它是有效的 SOAP 消息吗？您可以按照上述人员的建议通过 HTTP 发布它。

如果你想测试这是否可行，你可以试试SoapUI（我的意思是测试）。

Answer 5

这是另一个例子——这个在 VB 中：

    Dim manualWebClient As New System.Net.WebClient()

    manualWebClient.Headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/soap+xml;  charset=utf-8")

    ' Note: don't put the <?xml... tag in--otherwise it will blow up with a 500 internal error message!
    Dim bytArguments As Byte() = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes( _
        "<soap12:Envelope xmlns:xsi=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"" xmlns:xsd=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"" xmlns:soap12=""http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope"">" & System.Environment.NewLine & _
        "  <soap12:Body>" & System.Environment.NewLine & _
        "    <Multiply xmlns=""http://cptr446.class/"">" & System.Environment.NewLine & _
        "      <x>5</x>" & System.Environment.NewLine & _
        "      <y>4</y>" & System.Environment.NewLine & _
        "    </Multiply>" & System.Environment.NewLine & _
        "  </soap12:Body>" & System.Environment.NewLine & _
        "</soap12:Envelope>")
    Dim bytRetData As Byte() = manualWebClient.UploadData("http://localhost/CPTR446.asmx", "POST", bytArguments)

    MessageBox.Show(System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bytRetData))

Answer 6

很抱歉碰到了一个旧线程，这是我的解决方案

''' <summary>
''' Sends SOAP to a web service and sends back the XML it got back.
''' </summary>
Public Class SoapDispenser
    Public Shared Function CallWebService(ByVal WebserviceURL As String, ByVal SOAP As String) As XmlDocument
        Using wc As New WebClient()
            Dim retXMLDoc As New XmlDocument()

            wc.Headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8")
            retXMLDoc.LoadXml(wc.UploadString(WebserviceURL, SOAP))

            Return retXMLDoc
        End Using
    End Function
End Class

Answer 7

您需要通过 HTTP 发布数据。使用WebRequest class 发布数据。您将需要在发布请求中发送其他数据，以确保您拥有有效的 SOAP 信封。阅读SOAP spec了解所有详细信息。