如何以编程方式找出解决方案中每个启动项目的操作？

Question

在Solution->Properties下，我可以设置多个启动项目：

我知道我可以获取标有“开始”的项目列表（通过使用 EnvDTE：solution.SolutionBuild.StartupProjects），但是如何获取操作为“不调试就开始”的项目列表？它们没有出现在列表中。

Answer 1

我不认为这是正式记录和提供的，但这里有一些信息：

• 这是由 Visual Studio 内置包存储在 solution's .SUO file 中的。 SUO 文件具有 OLE 复合存储格式。您可以使用诸如OpenMCDF 之类的工具来浏览它（它有一个资源管理器示例）。在此文件中，您将看到一个名为“SolutionConfiguration”的流，其中包含一个 dwStartupOpt 令牌，后跟您要查找的信息。流本身具有自定义二进制格式。

• 通过IVsPersistSolutionProps Interface 可从VS 中获得相同的信息。您需要从已加载的包之一中获取指向它的指针（例如，使用IVsShell.GetPackageEnum Method 枚举包列表。一个包将支持带有“SolutionConfiguration”流的 IVsPersistSolutionProps 接口。

  李>

但是，无论您选择哪种方法，我相信您最终都会手动解析“SolutionConfiguration”流。我在这里介绍了一种方法，它只需打开 SUO 文件并“手动”破解这些位，因此它可以在 VS 之外工作。

这是解析“SolutionConfiguration”流的实用程序类：

public sealed class StartupOptions
{
    private StartupOptions()
    {
    }

    public static IDictionary<Guid, int> ReadStartupOptions(string filePath)
    {
        if (filePath == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("filePath");

        // look for this token in the file
        const string token = "dwStartupOpt\0=";
        byte[] tokenBytes = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(token);
        Dictionary<Guid, int> dic = new Dictionary<Guid, int>();
        byte[] bytes;
        using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream())
        {
            CompoundFileUtilities.ExtractStream(filePath, "SolutionConfiguration", stream);
            bytes = stream.ToArray();
        }

        int i = 0;
        do
        {
            bool found = true;
            for (int j = 0; j < tokenBytes.Length; j++)
            {
                if (bytes[i + j] != tokenBytes[j])
                {
                    found = false;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (found)
            {
                // back read the corresponding project guid
                // guid is formatted as {guid}
                // len to read is Guid length* 2 and there are two offset bytes between guid and startup options token
                byte[] guidBytes = new byte[38 * 2];
                Array.Copy(bytes, i - guidBytes.Length - 2, guidBytes, 0, guidBytes.Length);
                Guid guid = new Guid(Encoding.Unicode.GetString(guidBytes));

                // skip VT_I4
                int options = BitConverter.ToInt32(bytes, i + tokenBytes.Length + 2);
                dic[guid] = options;
            }
            i++;
        }
        while (i < bytes.Length);
        return dic;
    }
}

后跟一个小型复合流读取实用程序（无需外部库）：

public static class CompoundFileUtilities
{
    public static void ExtractStream(string filePath, string streamName, string streamPath)
    {
        if (filePath == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("filePath");

        if (streamName == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("streamName");

        if (streamPath == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("streamPath");

        using (FileStream output = new FileStream(streamPath, FileMode.Create))
        {
            ExtractStream(filePath, streamName, output);
        }
    }

    public static void ExtractStream(string filePath, string streamName, Stream output)
    {
        if (filePath == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("filePath");

        if (streamName == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("streamName");

        if (output == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("output");

        IStorage storage;
        int hr = StgOpenStorage(filePath, null, STGM.READ | STGM.SHARE_DENY_WRITE, IntPtr.Zero, 0, out storage);
        if (hr != 0)
            throw new Win32Exception(hr);

        try
        {
            IStream stream;
            hr = storage.OpenStream(streamName, IntPtr.Zero, STGM.READ | STGM.SHARE_EXCLUSIVE, 0, out stream);
            if (hr != 0)
                throw new Win32Exception(hr);

            int read = 0;
            IntPtr readPtr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(Marshal.SizeOf(read));
            try
            {
                byte[] bytes = new byte[0x1000];
                do
                {
                    stream.Read(bytes, bytes.Length, readPtr);
                    read = Marshal.ReadInt32(readPtr);
                    if (read == 0)
                        break;

                    output.Write(bytes, 0, read);
                }
                while(true);
            }
            finally
            {
                Marshal.FreeHGlobal(readPtr);
                Marshal.ReleaseComObject(stream);
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            Marshal.ReleaseComObject(storage);
        }
    }

    [ComImport, Guid("0000000b-0000-0000-C000-000000000046"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
    private interface IStorage
    {
        void Unimplemented0();

        [PreserveSig]
        int OpenStream([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pwcsName, IntPtr reserved1, STGM grfMode, uint reserved2, out IStream ppstm);

        // other methods not declared for simplicity
    }

    [Flags]
    private enum STGM
    {
        READ = 0x00000000,
        SHARE_DENY_WRITE = 0x00000020,
        SHARE_EXCLUSIVE = 0x00000010,
        // other values not declared for simplicity
    }

    [DllImport("ole32.dll")]
    private static extern int StgOpenStorage([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pwcsName, IStorage pstgPriority, STGM grfMode, IntPtr snbExclude, uint reserved, out IStorage ppstgOpen);
}

以及显示与启动选项相关的项目 guid 的示例：

static void SafeMain(string[] args)
{
    foreach (var kvp in StartupOptions.ReadStartupOptions("mySample.suo"))
    {
        if ((kvp.Value & 1) != 0)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Project " + kvp.Key + " has option Start");
        }
        if ((kvp.Value & 2) != 0)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Project " + kvp.Key + " has option Start with debugging");
        }
    }
}