【发布时间】:2012-02-21 14:06:13
【问题描述】:
我正在尝试创建一个 Windows 服务来启动 Celery。我遇到了一篇使用Task Scheduler 的文章。然而,它似乎启动了许多 celery 实例并不断消耗内存,直到机器死机。有没有办法将它作为 Windows 服务启动?
【问题讨论】:
标签: python windows windows-services celery
我正在尝试创建一个 Windows 服务来启动 Celery。我遇到了一篇使用Task Scheduler 的文章。然而,它似乎启动了许多 celery 实例并不断消耗内存,直到机器死机。有没有办法将它作为 Windows 服务启动?
【问题讨论】:
标签: python windows windows-services celery
我从另一个网站得到了答案。 Celeryd(Celery 的守护程序服务)作为粘贴应用程序运行,搜索“Paster Windows Service”引导我here。它描述了如何将 Pylons 应用程序作为 Windows 服务运行。作为 Paster 框架和托管 Python Web 服务的新手,起初我并没有想到要检查它。但该解决方案适用于 Celery,只是在脚本中各处稍作改动。
我已经修改了脚本,以便更轻松地修改 Celery 设置。主要的变化是:
INI 文件设置(celeryd.ini):
[celery:service]
service_name = CeleryService
service_display_name = Celery Service
service_description = WSCGI Windows Celery Service
service_logfile = celeryd.log
创建 Windows 服务的 Python 脚本 (CeleryService.py):
"""
The most basic (working) Windows service possible.
Requires Mark Hammond's pywin32 package.
Most of the code was taken from a CherryPy 2.2 example of how to set up a service
"""
import pkg_resources
import win32serviceutil
from paste.script.serve import ServeCommand as Server
import os, sys
import ConfigParser
import win32service
import win32event
SCRIPT_DIR = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
INI_FILE = 'celeryd.ini'
SERV_SECTION = 'celery:service'
SERV_NAME = 'service_name'
SERV_DISPLAY_NAME = 'service_display_name'
SERV_DESC = 'service_description'
SERV_LOG_FILE = 'service_logfile'
SERV_APPLICATION = 'celeryd'
SERV_LOG_FILE_VAR = 'CELERYD_LOG_FILE'
# Default Values
SERV_NAME_DEFAULT = 'CeleryService'
SERV_DISPLAY_NAME_DEFAULT = 'Celery Service'
SERV_DESC_DEFAULT = 'WSCGI Windows Celery Service'
SERV_LOG_FILE_DEFAULT = r'D:\logs\celery.log'
class DefaultSettings(object):
def __init__(self):
if SCRIPT_DIR:
os.chdir(SCRIPT_DIR)
# find the ini file
self.ini = os.path.join(SCRIPT_DIR,INI_FILE)
# create a config parser opject and populate it with the ini file
c = ConfigParser.SafeConfigParser()
c.read(self.ini)
self.c = c
def getDefaults(self):
'''
Check for and get the default settings
'''
if (
(not self.c.has_section(SERV_SECTION)) or
(not self.c.has_option(SERV_SECTION, SERV_NAME)) or
(not self.c.has_option(SERV_SECTION, SERV_DISPLAY_NAME)) or
(not self.c.has_option(SERV_SECTION, SERV_DESC)) or
(not self.c.has_option(SERV_SECTION, SERV_LOG_FILE))
):
print 'setting defaults'
self.setDefaults()
service_name = self.c.get(SERV_SECTION, SERV_NAME)
service_display_name = self.c.get(SERV_SECTION, SERV_DISPLAY_NAME)
service_description = self.c.get(SERV_SECTION, SERV_DESC)
iniFile = self.ini
service_logfile = self.c.get(SERV_SECTION, SERV_LOG_FILE)
return service_name, service_display_name, service_description, iniFile, service_logfile
def setDefaults(self):
'''
set and add the default setting to the ini file
'''
if not self.c.has_section(SERV_SECTION):
self.c.add_section(SERV_SECTION)
self.c.set(SERV_SECTION, SERV_NAME, SERV_NAME_DEFAULT)
self.c.set(SERV_SECTION, SERV_DISPLAY_NAME, SERV_DISPLAY_NAME_DEFAULT)
self.c.set(SERV_SECTION, SERV_DESC, SERV_DESC_DEFAULT)
self.c.set(SERV_SECTION, SERV_LOG_FILE, SERV_LOG_FILE_DEFAULT)
cfg = file(self.ini, 'wr')
self.c.write(cfg)
cfg.close()
print '''
you must set the celery:service section service_name, service_display_name,
and service_description options to define the service
in the %s file
''' % self.ini
sys.exit()
class CeleryService(win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework):
"""NT Service."""
d = DefaultSettings()
service_name, service_display_name, service_description, iniFile, logFile = d.getDefaults()
_svc_name_ = service_name
_svc_display_name_ = service_display_name
_svc_description_ = service_description
def __init__(self, args):
win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework.__init__(self, args)
# create an event that SvcDoRun can wait on and SvcStop
# can set.
self.stop_event = win32event.CreateEvent(None, 0, 0, None)
def SvcDoRun(self):
os.chdir(SCRIPT_DIR)
s = Server(SERV_APPLICATION)
os.environ[SERV_LOG_FILE_VAR] = self.logFile
s.run([self.iniFile])
win32event.WaitForSingleObject(self.stop_event, win32event.INFINITE)
def SvcStop(self):
self.ReportServiceStatus(win32service.SERVICE_STOP_PENDING)
#win32event.SetEvent(self.stop_event)
self.ReportServiceStatus(win32service.SERVICE_STOPPED)
sys.exit()
if __name__ == '__main__':
win32serviceutil.HandleCommandLine(CeleryService)
要安装服务运行python CeleryService.py install,然后python CeleryService.py start 来启动服务。 注意:这些命令应该在具有管理员权限的命令行中运行。
如果需要删除服务,请运行python CeleryService.py remove。
我试图托管 Celery 作为增强我的 RhodeCode 安装的一部分。这个解决方案似乎有效。希望这会对某人有所帮助。
【讨论】:
接受的答案不适用于使用 Django 应用程序运行 celery。但它启发了我想出一个解决方案,用 Django 将 celery 作为 Windows 服务运行。请注意,以下内容仅适用于 Django 项目。经过一些修改,它可以与其他应用程序一起使用。
以下讨论假设 Python >= 3.6 和 RabbitMQ 已安装,并且 rabbitmq-server 正在 localhost 上运行。
在 Django 项目的顶级文件夹中创建一个文件 celery_service.py(或任何你喜欢的文件),与 manage.py 相同,具有以下内容:
'''Usage : python celery_service.py install (start / stop / remove)
Run celery as a Windows service
'''
import win32service
import win32serviceutil
import win32api
import win32con
import win32event
import subprocess
import sys
import os
from pathlib import Path
import shlex
import logging
import time
# The directory for celery.log and celery_service.log
# Default: the directory of this script
INSTDIR = Path(__file__).parent
# The path of python Scripts
# Usually it is in path_to/venv/Scripts.
# If it is already in system PATH, then it can be set as ''
PYTHONSCRIPTPATH = INSTDIR / 'venvcelery/Scripts'
# The directory name of django project
# Note: it is the directory at the same level of manage.py
# not the parent directory
PROJECTDIR = 'proj'
logging.basicConfig(
filename = INSTDIR / 'celery_service.log',
level = logging.DEBUG,
format = '[%(asctime)-15s: %(levelname)-7.7s] %(message)s'
)
class CeleryService(win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework):
_svc_name_ = "Celery"
_svc_display_name_ = "Celery Distributed Task Queue Service"
def __init__(self, args):
win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework.__init__(self, args)
self.hWaitStop = win32event.CreateEvent(None, 0, 0, None)
def SvcStop(self):
logging.info('Stopping {name} service ...'.format(name=self._svc_name_))
self.ReportServiceStatus(win32service.SERVICE_STOP_PENDING)
win32event.SetEvent(self.hWaitStop)
self.ReportServiceStatus(win32service.SERVICE_STOPPED)
sys.exit()
def SvcDoRun(self):
logging.info('Starting {name} service ...'.format(name=self._svc_name_))
os.chdir(INSTDIR) # so that proj worker can be found
logging.info('cwd: ' + os.getcwd())
self.ReportServiceStatus(win32service.SERVICE_RUNNING)
command = '"{celery_path}" -A {proj_dir} worker -f "{log_path}" -l info -P eventlet'.format(
celery_path=PYTHONSCRIPTPATH / 'celery.exe',
proj_dir=PROJECTDIR,
log_path=INSTDIR / 'celery.log')
logging.info('command: ' + command)
args = shlex.split(command)
proc = subprocess.Popen(args)
logging.info('pid: {pid}'.format(pid=proc.pid))
self.timeout = 3000
while True:
rc = win32event.WaitForSingleObject(self.hWaitStop, self.timeout)
if rc == win32event.WAIT_OBJECT_0:
# stop signal encountered
# terminate process 'proc'
PROCESS_TERMINATE = 1
handle = win32api.OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, False, proc.pid)
win32api.TerminateProcess(handle, -1)
win32api.CloseHandle(handle)
break
if __name__ == '__main__':
win32serviceutil.HandleCommandLine(CeleryService)
在脚本可以运行之前,您需要
可选择创建一个 python 虚拟环境,例如'venvcelery'。
安装以下要求:
django>=2.0.0 sqlalchemy>=1.0.14 芹菜>=4.3.0,=227 小事件>=0.25
修复 pywin32 pywintypes36.dll 位置。 ref
在 celery_service.py 中正确设置 PYTHONSCRIPTPATH 和 PROJECTDIR
PYTHONSCRIPTPATH 通常是 Python 安装路径或当前虚拟环境下的“Scripts”文件夹
PROJECTDIR 是 Django 项目的目录名。
是manage.py同级目录,不是父目录。
现在您可以使用以下命令安装/启动/停止/删除服务:
python celery_service.py install
python celery_service.py start
python celery_service.py stop
python celery_service.py remove
我创建了一个演示 Django 项目,其中 celery 作为 Windows 服务运行:
https://github.com/azalea/django_celery_windows_service
如果您对正在运行的示例感兴趣。
注意:这是一个更新版本,假设 Python >= 3.6、Django 2.2 和 Celery 4。
可以在编辑历史记录中查看包含 Python 2.7、Django 1.6 和 Celery 3 的旧版本。
【讨论】:
celeryd 仍在使用中,尽管它也提到使用 Django 来“守护”Celery:ask.github.io/celery/cookbook/…
@azalea 的回答对我帮助很大,但我想在这里强调的一件事是,需要使用您的用户/密码安装服务 (celery_service.py),否则,当您运行 subprocess.Popen(args) in SvcDoRun() 函数时,什么都不会发生,因为会有权限问题。要设置用户/密码,您可以选择以下两种方法之一:
使用命令行:
python33 .\celeryService1.py --username .\USERNAME --password PASSWORD
进入计算机管理(本地)>服务和应用程序>服务,找到你的服务器(在@azalea的例子中,它是“Celery分布式任务队列服务”),然后右键打开属性页面,输入“此帐户”在“登录”选项卡中
【讨论】:
这里有一个很好的项目,但没有成功使用它: Link to the GitHub of the django-windows-tools。 它在最后一个命令行给了我一个超时。没有足够的时间搜索原因。
该包允许在 IIS 上设置 Django 项目的 FastCGI、Celery 和静态文件。
【讨论】:
感谢 Azalea,因为这使我能够在 Windows 上使用 Celery 4 创建 2 个 Windows 服务。
一个能够启动/停止多个工人 T 其次是能够启动/停止节拍服务并使用 Celery 4 整理 pid。
对此我没有解决方案的唯一警告是,您不能重新启动工作程序,因为您需要确保在启动备份之前停止为多个生成的进程。
Workers.py:
'''Usage : python celery_service.py install (start / stop / remove)
Run celery as a Windows service
'''
import win32service
import win32serviceutil
import win32api
import win32con
import win32event
import subprocess
import sys
import os
import shlex
import logging
import time
# The directory for celery_worker.log and celery_worker_service.log
# Default: the directory of this script
INSTDIR = 'X:\Application\Project'
LOGDIR = 'X:\Application\LogFiles'
# The path of python Scripts
# Usually it is in PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR/Scripts. e.g.
# r'C:\Python27\Scripts'
# If it is already in system PATH, then it can be set as ''
PYTHONSCRIPTPATH = 'C:\Python36\Scripts'
# The directory name of django project
# Note: it is the directory at the same level of manage.py
# not the parent directory
PROJECTDIR = 'Project'
logging.basicConfig(
filename = os.path.join(LOGDIR, 'celery_worker_service.log'),
level = logging.DEBUG,
format = '[%(asctime)-15s: %(levelname)-7.7s] %(message)s'
)
class CeleryService(win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework):
_svc_name_ = "CeleryWorkers"
_svc_display_name_ = "CeleryWorkers"
def __init__(self, args):
win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework.__init__(self, args)
self.hWaitStop = win32event.CreateEvent(None, 0, 0, None)
def SvcStop(self):
logging.info('Stopping {name} service ...'.format(name=self._svc_name_))
self.ReportServiceStatus(win32service.SERVICE_STOP_PENDING)
win32event.SetEvent(self.hWaitStop)
logging.info('Stopped1 {name} service ...'.format(name=self._svc_name_))
logging.info('Stopped3 {name} service ...'.format(name=self._svc_name_))
command = '"{celery_path}" -A {proj_dir} --workdir=X:/Application/Project control shutdown --timeout=10'.format(
celery_path=os.path.join(PYTHONSCRIPTPATH, 'celery.exe'),
proj_dir=PROJECTDIR,
log_path=os.path.join(LOGDIR,'celery_worker.log'))
logging.info('command: ' + command)
args = shlex.split(command)
proc = subprocess.Popen(args)
logging.info('Stopped celery shutdown ...')
self.ReportServiceStatus(win32service.SERVICE_STOPPED)
logging.info('Stopped2 {name} service ...'.format(name=self._svc_name_))
sys.exit()
def SvcDoRun(self):
logging.info('Starting {name} service ...'.format(name=self._svc_name_))
os.chdir(INSTDIR) # so that proj worker can be found
logging.info('cwd: ' + os.getcwd())
self.ReportServiceStatus(win32service.SERVICE_RUNNING)
command = '"{celery_path}" -A {proj_dir} -c 8 worker --workdir=X:/Application/Project --pidfile=celeryservice.pid -f "{log_path}" -l info'.format(
celery_path=os.path.join(PYTHONSCRIPTPATH, 'celery.exe'),
proj_dir=PROJECTDIR,
log_path=os.path.join(LOGDIR,'celery_worker.log'))
logging.info('command: ' + command)
args = shlex.split(command)
proc = subprocess.Popen(args)
logging.info('pid: {pid}'.format(pid=proc.pid))
self.timeout = 3000
while True:
rc = win32event.WaitForSingleObject(self.hWaitStop, self.timeout)
if rc == win32event.WAIT_OBJECT_0:
# stop signal encountered
# terminate process 'proc'
PROCESS_TERMINATE = 1
handle = win32api.OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, False, proc.pid)
win32api.TerminateProcess(handle, -1)
win32api.CloseHandle(handle)
break
if __name__ == '__main__':
win32serviceutil.HandleCommandLine(CeleryService)
Beatservice.py:
'''Usage : python celery_service.py install (start / stop / remove)
Run celery as a Windows service
'''
import win32service
import win32serviceutil
import win32api
import win32con
import win32event
import subprocess
import sys
import os
import shlex
import logging
import time
import signal
# The directory for celery_beat.log and celery_beat_service.log
# Default: the directory of this script
INSTDIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
LOGPATH = 'X:\Application\Logs'
# The path of python Scripts
# Usually it is in PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR/Scripts. e.g.
# r'C:\Python27\Scripts'
# If it is already in system PATH, then it can be set as ''
PYTHONSCRIPTPATH = 'C:\Python36\Scripts'
# The directory name of django project
# Note: it is the directory at the same level of manage.py
# not the parent directory
PROJECTDIR = 'PROJECT'
logging.basicConfig(
filename = os.path.join(LOGPATH, 'celery_beat_service.log'),
level = logging.DEBUG,
format = '[%(asctime)-15s: %(levelname)-7.7s] %(message)s'
)
class CeleryService(win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework):
_svc_name_ = "CeleryBeat"
_svc_display_name_ = "CeleryBeat"
def __init__(self, args):
win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework.__init__(self, args)
self.hWaitStop = win32event.CreateEvent(None, 0, 0, None)
def SvcStop(self):
logging.info('Stopping 1 {name} service ...'.format(name=self._svc_name_))
self.ReportServiceStatus(win32service.SERVICE_STOP_PENDING)
win32event.SetEvent(self.hWaitStop)
pidno = open("X:\Aplication\Project\celerybeat.pid", "r")
_pid_id_ = pidid=pidno.read()
pidno.close()
logging.info(_pid_id_)
logging.info('taskkill /F /PID {pidid} ..'.format(pidid=_pid_id_))
cmdcom = 'taskkill /F /PID {pidid}'.format(pidid=_pid_id_)
logging.info(cmdcom)
killargs = shlex.split(cmdcom)
process = subprocess.Popen(killargs)
output, error = process.communicate()
logging.info(output)
logging.info('Stopping 2 {name} service ...'.format(name=self._svc_name_))
os.remove("X:\Application\PROJECT\celerybeat.pid")
logging.info('X:\Application\PROJECT\celerybeat.pid file removed')
self.ReportServiceStatus(win32service.SERVICE_STOPPED)
sys.exit()
def SvcDoRun(self):
logging.info('Starting {name} service ...'.format(name=self._svc_name_))
os.chdir(INSTDIR) # so that proj worker can be found
logging.info('cwd: ' + os.getcwd())
self.ReportServiceStatus(win32service.SERVICE_RUNNING)
command = '"{celery_path}" -A {proj_dir} beat --workdir=X:/Application/Project -f X:/Application/logs/beat.log -l info'.format(
celery_path=os.path.join(PYTHONSCRIPTPATH, 'celery.exe'),
proj_dir=PROJECTDIR,
log_path=os.path.join(LOGPATH,'celery_beat.log'))
logging.info('command: ' + command)
args = shlex.split(command)
proc = subprocess.Popen(args)
logging.info('pid: {pid}'.format(pid=proc.pid))
self.timeout = 3000
while True:
rc = win32event.WaitForSingleObject(self.hWaitStop, self.timeout)
if rc == win32event.WAIT_OBJECT_0:
# stop signal encountered
# terminate process 'proc'
PROCESS_TERMINATE = 1
handle = win32api.OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, False, proc.pid)
win32api.TerminateProcess(handle, -1)
win32api.CloseHandle(handle)
break
if __name__ == '__main__':
win32serviceutil.HandleCommandLine(CeleryService)
【讨论】: